重组人血管抑制因子Vasostatin对视网膜血管内皮细胞增殖的影响

目的 探讨重组人血管抑制因子Vasostatin对体外培养的恒河猴视网膜血管内皮细胞(RF／6A)增殖的影响。方法 以bFGF刺激增殖，体外培养恒河猴视网膜血管内皮细胞(RF／6A)至4代，分别加入不同质量浓度的重组人Vasostatin蛋白，并采用MTT法、^3H-TdR法检测2、4、6d时其对血管内皮细胞增殖抑制的作用，同时利用流式细胞仪对重组人Vasostatin蛋白是否诱导细胞凋亡进行了探讨。结果 MTT法、^3H-TdR两种方法均显示重组人Vasostatin蛋白以质量浓度依赖的方式抑制bFGF刺激的恒河猴视网膜血管内皮细胞(RF／6A)的增殖。流式细胞仪检测显示加入重组人Vasostatin蛋白后，G0／G1期无明显的亚二倍体核形峰出现，其不是通过诱导细胞凋亡的方式来抑制细胞增殖的。结论 重组人Vasostatin蛋白在体外具有抑制bFGF诱导的血管内皮细胞增殖的作用，其有可能成为一种有效的血管新生抑制剂。     

Immunobiologic, cytogenetic and drug response features of a newly established cell line (SCRC-1) from renal small cell carcinoma

PURPOSE: We describe the establishment and preliminary characterization of a cell line designated SCRC-1, which was derived from a primary renal small cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Continuous cultures of a primary stage IVa renal small cell carcinoma and a xenograft in nude mice derived therefrom were characterized by immunohistology, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence/flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis, and an in vitro drug resistance assay. RESULTS: SCRC-1 cells were reactive with antibodies to NSE, chromogranin-A, bombesin, Bcl-2, CD44s, CD44v6, CD44v7 to 8, vimentin and S100 protein (predominantly beta-subunit), and were unreactive with antibodies to EMA, CD54, EGFR(R1), URO-5, URO-7, URO-8 and URO-10. A similar immunoprofile was also found in both the primary tumor and the xenograft. Cytogenetic analysis revealed the following common clonal aberrations in all 50 metaphases analyzed: 45, XX, t (X;10;18) (p11;p11;q11), -der(18)t(X;10;18), indicating the clonal nature of this neoplasm. SCRC-1 cells showed low drug resistance to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, gemcitabine and fluorouracil, intermediate resistance to carmustine and mitomycin-C, and extreme resistance to cisplatin. CONCLUSION: We have documented the initial characterization of SCRC-1, which may be the first cell line reported to be derived from a primary small cell carcinoma of the kidney. This cell line can be used for further studies uncovering the biology and histogenesis of this rare cancer and delineating differences among small cell carcinomas of the kidney and other histological types.     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术

目的　评价白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼的效果。方法　 2 4例2 4眼随机分成A、B两组 ,A组行颞侧透明角膜隧道切口超声乳化折叠式人工晶状体植入联合上方巩膜瓣小梁切除。B组行上方巩膜隧道切口原位小梁切除手术步骤同A组。结果　随访 3～ 6月 ,A组术前眼压为 ( 2 4.3 8± 6.2 1)mmHg ,术后 3～ 6月眼压为 ( 15 .3 7± 3 .75 )mmHg。B组术前眼压为 ( 2 4.78± 5 .62 )mmHg ,术后 3～ 6月眼压为 ( 15 .46± 3 .80 )mmHg( 1mmHg =0 .13 3kPa)。术后视力≥ 0 .5者A组 10眼 ( 83 .3 % ) ,B组 9眼 ( 75 0 % )。两种方法术后眼压、视力、角膜平均散光度、滤过泡形成情况差异均无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　本手术能在稳定控制眼压的同时改善患者视力 ,两种方法的效果无明显差别。     

The influence of hypotonicity on large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of hypotonicity on the activity of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ (BK(Ca)) channels in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE R-50) cells. Effects of hypotonicity on ion currents were investigated with the aid of the patch-clamp technique. A regulatory volume decrease in response to a hypotonic solution (200 mOsm/L) was observed that could be blunted by paxilline. In whole-cell current recordings, a hypotonic solution (200 mOsm/L) reversibly increased the amplitude of K+ outward currents (I(K)). The increase of I(K) could be reversed by iberiotoxin (200 nM), paxilline (1 microM), or tetrandrine (5 microM), but not by glibenclamide (10 microM), disulphonic acid (DIDS) (100 microM), or dequalinium dichloride (10 microM). In RPE R-50 cells pretreated with thapsigargin, aristolochic acid, or pertussis toxin, the increased amplitude of I(K) in response to hypotonicity was unaltered. In cell-attached patches, an increase in BK(Ca)-channel activity was observed during hypotonicity-induced cell swelling. The enhanced channel activity elicited under this condition was mainly mediated by an increase in the number of long-lived openings. These findings support the evidence for the coupling of volume swelling to the functional activity of BK(Ca) channels.     

腹腔镜子宫切除术的临床研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜筋膜内子宫切除术(CISH)和腹腔镜辅助子宫切除术(LAVH)的临床价值。方法 对32例因各种良性妇科疾病而需行子宫切除术的患者采用CISH术18例，LhVH术14例。对照组30例采用腹式子宫切除术(AH)。结果 与AH术相比，CISH术和LAVH术具有术中出血少，术后镇痛用药少，术后病率少，住院时间短。结论 CISH术和LAVH术由于创伤小，恢复快等优点，值得临床推广应用。     

Quality of life in tuberculosis: Patient and provider perspectives

Tuberculosis (TB) is a persistent problem in the United States; however, little is known about its impact on functioning and quality of life (QOL) among people with TB. The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of TB on patients' QOL by using focus groups to assess the domains of QOL that are affected. Participants included patients (n = 10) who received treatment for active TB and physicians (n = 4) and nurses (n = 9) caring for patients with TB at a public health clinic in Baltimore, Maryland. TB affected all predicted domains of QOL, including general health perceptions, somatic sensation, psychological health, spiritual well-being, and physical, social and role functioning. Social stigmatization, isolation, pill burden, long duration of therapy, sexual dysfunction, loss of income, and fear were additional specific problems related to TB. Surprisingly, 11% (33) of the comments described benefits of TB illness, including increased spirituality and improved life perspectives. In addition, four additional QOL domains and three elements of treatment specific to TB which substantially impact QOL were identified. While patients and clinicians both identified issues in many areas of QOL, only patients mentioned the impact on sexual function, spirituality and improved life perspectives. Despite available curative therapy, TB and its treatment still have significant short and long-term consequences on patients' QOL.     

基因表达数据中误分类点的识别与处理

有监督的分析方法目前已被广泛应用于微阵列表达数据分析中 ,但训练集本身存在的个别样本的误分类情况大大影响了分类的质量。支持向量机 (SVMs)是近几年出现的一种新的通用学习算法 ,它独特的性能不仅非常适合于处理微阵列基因表达数据 ,而且还能对训练集中的误分类点做出准确的推测。介绍了如何利用 SVMs算法对 c DNA微阵列表达数据中的误分类点进行识别 ,并对如何处理误分类点给出了几点建议     

膀胱粘膜下层无细胞基质的研制

目的 探讨膀胱粘膜下层无细胞基质的制作与评价。方法 自膀胱解剖出膀胱粘膜下层，置于PBS、0．5％SDS、双蒸水中反复洗涤去除细胞，必要时加用胰蛋白酶消化。获得的细胞外基质采用HE、免疫组化、扫描电镜评价去细胞效果，细胞植入无细胞基质观察细胞能否粘附于该材料。结果 HE、免疫组化、扫描电镜均未见制备的材料中存在细胞及细胞碎片，体外细胞植入试验见细胞可粘附于材料并增殖。结论 采用本制备方法可以得到膀胱粘膜下层无细胞基质，有望为临床提供尿道下裂生物替代材料。     

IL-15对儿童MDS造血前体细胞bcl-2、bcl-xl mRNA表达的影响

目的 探讨IL-15对骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)造血细胞bcl-2、bcl—xl mRNA表达的影响，以探索IL-15抑制MDS CD34^ 造血干／祖细胞凋亡的可能机制：方法 采用吸附单克隆抗体的免疫磁珠分离系统，分离纯化17例MDS患儿骨髓CD34^ 细胞，采用RT—PCR检测bcl-2、bcl—xl mRNA表达水平，观察IL-15对它们的影响。结果 IL-15可呈时间与剂量依赖性的增强体外培养的MDS造血前体细胞bcl-2、bcl—xl基因mRNA的表达。结论 IL-15可能为抑制MDS CD34^ 造血干／祖细胞凋亡的作用机制之一。