Deletions and duplications of 42 Y chromosomal short tandem repeats in Chinese Han population

International Journal of Legal Medicine - Genotypes of 42 Y chromosome STR (Y-STR) loci were analyzed for a sample of 1420 unrelated males and 1160 father-son pairs from a Chinese Han population....     

不同性别老年脑出血患者血脂水平与预后的关系研究

目的 探讨血脂水平与不同性别老年脑出血患者90 d临床预后的关系。 方法 本研究数据来源于多中心、前瞻性、观察性队列登记研究——北京地区以病因为基础的 脑出血医疗质量评价与微创手术治疗技术研究（登记号：2011-2004-03）,从数据库中筛选2014年12 月-2016年9月连续纳入的经头颅CT确诊为急性期脑出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。收集患者 的性别、年龄、NIHSS评分、GCS评分、血肿体积、出血部位等临床资料,以及白细胞和血小板计数、血 脂水平等实验室检查资料。以90 d mRS>2分定义为预后不良,分别比较男性和女性不同预后患者血 脂水平的差异,并应用logistic回归分析血脂水平对不同性别患者发病90 d预后的影响。 结果 本研究最终纳入212例脑出血患者,平均年龄73.4±6.5岁,男性126例（59.4%）,女性86 例（40.6%）。单因素分析结果显示,在男性患者中,预后不良组年龄（P =0.038）、入院时NIHSS评 分（P <0.001）、空腹血糖（P =0.014）、HDL-C水平（P =0.010）、血肿体积（P =0.003）及出血破入脑 室患者比例（P =0.015）高于预后良好组,入院时GCS评分（P <0.001）低于预后良好组;在女性患者 中,预后不良组年龄（P =0.031）、入院时NIHSS评分（P <0.001）及血肿体积（P =0.023）高于预后良好 组,入院时GCS评分（P <0.001）、TG（P =0.016）及非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol,non-HDL-C）水平（P =0.020）低于预后良好组。logistic回归分析结果显示,对于男性患者, 高龄（OR 1.119,95%CI 1.027～1.219,P =0.010）、入院时高NIHSS评分（OR 1.373,95%CI 1.188～1.586, P <0.001）和出血破入脑室（OR 3.471,95%CI 1.112～10.832,P =0.032）是90 d预后的独立危险因素; 对于女性患者,入院时高NIHSS评分（OR 1.254,95%CI 1.078～1.459,P =0.003）是90 d预后的独立危 险因素,高水平的non-HDL-C是90 d预后的保护性因素（OR 0.978,95%CI 0.961～0.996,P =0.014）。 结论 血脂水平对老年脑出血患者的临床预后预测价值存在性别差异。高水平的non-HDL-C是老年 女性脑出血患者90 d预后的保护性因素。     

不同强度光刺激对大脑头皮电位的影响研究

目的:研究不同强度光刺激人眼对大脑头皮电位的影响。方法:脑电信号分析对脑科学研究意义重大。大脑头皮电位是反映脑活动情况的一个重要物理量。用相同的光源,以不同的光入射角度照射测试者的眼睛,同时用脑立方移动版(NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile)设备检测其大脑头皮电位的变化情况,并记录脑电压信号。最后将脑电压信号数据进行处理,画出脑电压随角度变化趋势图。结果:用相同频率但不同亮度的光照射人眼睛,大脑头皮电压变化是不一样的:光亮度越强,大脑头皮电压绝对值的均值就越大,反之就越小。结论:根据人眼感光细胞对入射光线的光电转换作用,以及外电信号刺激下皮层神经元的等效电流偶极子理论,对实验结果进行机理探讨,为人们更好研究脑神经元光刺激效应提供有意义的实验和理论依据。     

Bioremediation of cadmium-contaminated paddy soil using an autotrophic and heterotrophic mixture

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a serious risk to human health and ecological security. Bioremediation can be a promising and effective remediation technology for treating Cd contaminated soils. In this study, seven heterotrophic strains were isolated from Cd contaminated soil and 7 autotrophic strains were isolated from acid mine drainage. Cd removal efficiencies were compared after leaching with autotrophic bacteria (Att-sys), heterotrophic isolates (Htt-sys) and cooperative leaching systems (Co-sys) in laboratory agitating reactors. The results indicated that Cd removal efficiency of Co-sys (32.09%) was significantly higher than that of Att-sys (23.24%) and Htt-sys (0.74%). By analyzing the soil microbial community in different bioleaching systems, we found that the addition of heterotrophic isolates significantly promoted the growth of some heavy metal resistant inhabitants (Massilia, Alicyclobacillus, Micromonospora, etc.), and Co-sys had a minor effect on the growth of soil indigenous microbes. In Co-sys, the content of the four Cd fractions all decreased compared with other leaching systems. The analysis of soil physicochemical parameters during the leaching process showed that pH and ORP (oxidation reduction potential) were not the only determinants for Cd removal efficiency in Co-sys, synergistic metabolic activities of autotrophic and heterotrophic strains may be other determinants. This study demonstrated that cooperative bioremediation may prove to be a safe and efficient technique for field application in heavy metal soil pollution.

Bioremediation can be a promising and effective remediation technology for treating Cd contaminated soils. Cooperative bioremediation using heterotrophic and autotrophic mixtures proved to be an efficient, short-term bioremediation strategy for heavy metal contaminated soil.     

Enhanced light emission of quantum dot films by scattering of poly(zinc methacrylate) coating CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots and high refractive index BaTiO3 nanoparticles

Quantum dots (QDs) have received considerable attention in information displays owing to their high quantum yield, high colour purity and low-cost fabrication. However, light emission for ultra-thin QD films with low mass percentage of QDs still need to be improved because the blue light can directly transmit the films, leading to insufficient energy to excite the QDs. In this study, we report QD films based on a poly(zinc methacrylate) coating with alloyed green-emitting CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs@PZnMA) together with high refractive-index BaTiO₃ nanoparticles to enhance the scattering coefficient of the QD films. Results demonstrate a 7.5-fold increase in the absorption coefficient, 11.3-fold increase in the scattering coefficient, 8.5-fold increase in the optical density (OD) and 8.6-fold increase in the green-light emission of QD films, compared with films that have the same mass percentage of pristine QDs. This approach provides a promising strategy for developing QD optical films with high scattering and enhanced light emission for flexible displays.

We report QD films based on a poly(zinc methacrylate) coating with alloyed green-emitting CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs@PZnMA) together with high refractive-index BaTiO₃ nanoparticles to enhance the scattering coefficient of the QD films.     

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis complicated with tuberculosis: A case report

BACKGROUNDPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by the accumulation of phospholipoproteinaceous material in the alveoli. Cases of PAP complicated with tuberculosis are much more complex and have rarely been well recorded. CASE SUMMARYWe describe a 21-year-old Han Chinese patient with suspicious lung infection associated with mild restrictive ventilatory dysfunction and diffusion reduction. High resolution computed tomography revealed a “crazy-paving” appearance and multiple pulmonary miliary nodules around the bronchi. Bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrated a small amount of periodic acid-Schiff positive proteinaceous materials. A serological test for the presence of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody and an interferon-gamma release assay were both positive. The patient received a standard course of first-line anti-tuberculosis treatment after diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage. To date, clinical remission has been achieved and maintained for five years. CONCLUSIONIn summary, the diagnosis of PAP complicated with tuberculosis was supported by a combination of clinical manifestations, imaging, pulmonary function, laboratory examinations, bronchoalveolar lavage, etc. This case highlighted that diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage in combination with anti-tuberculosis treatment is a safe and effective option for mild PAP patients with tuberculosis.     

脉搏指示连续心输出量测定指导脓毒症休克治疗的Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析系统评价脉搏指示连续心输出量测定（PiCCO）指导脓毒症休克治疗的价值。 方法系统检索PubMed、中国知网和万方等数据库,检索时间为2011年1月至2020年3月。由2人按照设定的纳入与排除标准进行筛选文献,查找相关文献,并采用Rev Man 5.3软件进行数据分析、汇总。 结果共纳入21篇文献和1572例患者。与常规中心静脉压（CVP）指导的脓毒症休克治疗相比,PiCCO指导的脓毒症休克治疗组28 d病死率下降（OR=0.55,95%CI：0.43~0.70,P＜0.001）,机械通气时间缩短（SD=-1.77,95%CI：-2.36~-1.19,P＜0.001）。 结论对于脓毒症休克患者,PiCCO指导下的治疗优于传统CVP指导下的治疗。     

上海市1296名3~5岁儿童龋病及其相关危险因素分析

目的 了解上海市3~5岁儿童低龄儿童龋患病情况及相关危险因素,为龋病防治提供参考。方法 根据第4次全国口腔健康流行病学调查要求,采用多阶段分层、等容量随机抽样方法,抽取上海市1 296名4个区、12个幼儿园中3~5岁儿童进行龋病检查,对其家长进行口腔健康知识问卷调查。采用SPSS 21.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果 上海市3~5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率、龋均分别为58.07%、2.99,各年龄组及性别间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。龋病相关单因素分析及多因素Logistics回归分析均显示,饮用甜饮料频率高、睡前吃甜食、刷牙频率少于每天1次、开始刷牙年龄大于2岁、家长受教育程度低及口腔健康知识水平差是患龋的危险因素。结论 上海市3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋率较高,加强儿童的饮食习惯及口腔卫生行为教育,提高家长口腔健康知识水平,是防治儿童龋病的有效途径。