医疗纠纷处理应重视的几个问题

通过对医疗纠纷产生的原因进行分类,提出一套有针对性的处理医疗纠纷的方法,依照客观公正的原则及时处理,并建议医院成立一支处理医疗纠纷的的专门队伍和机构。     

重症急性胰腺炎大鼠血清高迁移率族蛋白-1水平的时相变化及意义

目的 观察重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素19(IL-19)和高迁移率族蛋白-1(HMGBl)水平的时相变化，探讨HMGBl在SAP病程中的意义。方法采用胰管逆行灌注5％牛磺胆酸钠的方法复制大鼠SAP模型。随机分为正常对照组(N组，n=8)、假手术组(Sham组，n=8)和重症急性胰腺炎组(SAP组，n=80)。用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测各组动物血清TNF-α、IL-1β。用Westernblot法检测血清HMGBl水平。结果 SAP组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-1β在建模后迅速升高，约在4～6h达高峰，之后迅速下降，在建模12h即降至接近正常水平，一直维持至24和48h。SAP组大鼠血清HMGB1水平在建模后12h开始有明显升高，至24和48h仍维持在较高水平。结论 HMGB1可能作为晚期炎症因子参与了SAP的全身炎症反应。     

SOD复合酶对大鼠急性肾小球肾炎保护作用的实验研究

研究超氧化物歧化酶复合酶在急性肾小球肾炎病程中对组织结构和功能的保护 作用。方法诱发大鼠急性肾小球肾炎，并肌注ＳＯＤ复合酶抗氧化保护性治疗。     

小鼠卵细胞质内显微注入单精子受精的实验研究

为了探讨提高小鼠卵细胞质内单精子注入受精率的方法，选取鼠龄１２－１４周的健康昆明白小鼠作为精子和卵子的供体，受用ＩＣＳＩ技术，以受精后二细胞卵裂的形成率为指标，了解不同采卵时间，不同微注射针参数及不同培养液对细胞质单精子注入的影响。结果表明，ｈＣＧ注射后１８－１９ｈ采卵，用针尖内径为４－５μｍ，斜面角度为３５－４０度的微注射针进行ＩＣＳＩ操作受精后卵子置ＣＺＢ中培养可获得较多的２细胞胚，卵裂率明显     

肝内HBcAg与血清学指标的关系及慢性乙型肝炎发病机理的探讨

We detected the presence and distribution of HBcAg in the liver by immunohistochemistry (ABC method) and the presence of HBV-DNA in serum (spot hybridization) and anti-HBe in serum (ELISA) from 59 cases of hepatitis B hospitalized in our hospital, including 47 cases of CAH, 5 cases of CPH, and 7 cases of subacute fulminant hepatitis. 1. HBcAg in the liver was detected in 25 out of 47 cases (53%) of CAH, in 2 out of 5 cases of CPH and in 4 out of 7 cases of subacute fulminant hepatitis. The total percentage was 53% (31/59). 2. There was no positive correlation between HBV replication activity and liver disease activity (P greater than 0.05). Our results did not support the hypothesis that suggests a direct cytopathic effect of HBV. Oppositely, the fact was that the presence, the amount and the patterns of HBcAg in the liver, and the presence of HBV-DNA in serum were predominant in mild CAH compared with those in severe CAH, predominant in CAH without cirrhosis compared with those in CAH with cirrhosis. There was a tendency of inverse correlation between HBV replication activity and liver disease activity. The results above were in line with the concept that HBcAg expressed on the surface of infected hepatocytes may be relevant target for T lymphocyte cytotoxicity. The results have suggested that an immune response to HBV is present, leading to the destruction of most infected cells. 3. There was a positive correlation between HBV-DNA in serum and HBcAg in the liver (P less than 0.005), indicating that HBV-DNA in serum can represent HBV replication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

两种检测血清结合胆红素方法的结果比较

[目的]比较2，4-二氯苯胺重氮法（DCA）和钒酸盐氧化法检测血清结合胆红素的结果。[方法]根据NCCLS（EP6-P）评价方案，评估两种方法的相关性和偏倚。[结果]两种方法的检测结果相关性良好（r=0．9985），Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组检测结果无差异，Ⅳ组结果有差异。[结论]应建立与方法学相对应的血清结合胆红素参考值范围。     

Polyol pathway activity in streptozotocin-diabetic rat lens

We have examined polyol pathway kinetics in the lenses of rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. At up to 11 days after diabetes induction, the lenses were isolated and subjected to 'pulse-chase' studies: the lenses were incubated with [13C]glucose and lens metabolism followed by [13C]nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Proton NMR spectroscopy was also performed to measure the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMPS) activity. The results showed that (1) the activity of aldose reductase increased initially and decreased after 11 days of diabetes; (2) the fructose pool increased initially but started to decline after 3 days; (3) the HMPS activity increased nearly 40% immediately after diabetes induction; and (4) the turnover rates of glucose, alpha-glycerophosphate (GP), lactate, sorbitol, and fructose were 80.8 +/- 2.6, 10.1 +/- 1.4, 47.7 +/- 3.7, 7.9 +/- 0.9 and 5.2 +/- 2.2 nmol hr-1 lens-1 (34 mg wet weight lens-1), respectively. Up to 35% of lactate appeared to derive from the polyol pathway. Further, GP was rapidly metabolized, although its fate is currently unknown. These results reveal a far more complex pattern of glucose metabolism in the diabetic lens than that in lenses incubated in high glucose.     

跳伞对空降兵脂质过氧化系统影响的初步研究

为探讨跳伞对空降兵脂质过氧化水平的影响和可能的生物学意义，测定了跳伞与否空降兵血浆中超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的活性和丙二醛浓度，并与正常人群的值作了比较分析。结果显示，与正常人群相比，未跳伞空降兵血浆中超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的活性和丙二醛浓度增高，但无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；与未跳僮空军兵相比，跳伞后空降兵血浆三种酶活性略为增高，但无显     

环孢菌素A阻断人HL－60抗药性细胞于G_1期而诱导敏感细胞凋亡

进一步研究了抗三尖杉酯碱的ＨＬ－６０细胞（ＨＲ２０）抗细胞凋亡的机制及该抗性和抗药性的关系。结果表明，环孢菌素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）２０，１０μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１）诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞发生凋亡，而阻断ＨＲ２０细胞于Ｇ＿１期，就不能诱导细胞发生凋亡。低浓度的ＣｓＡ明显增加柔红霉素在ＨＲ２０细胞内的积聚，其逆转抗药性作用与阻断细胞周期运行无关。ＣｓＡ１０μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１）处理ＨＲ２０细胞，可引起５０ｋＤａ的蛋白质高度磷酸化。结果提示：环孢菌素Ａ阻断抗三尖杉酯碱的ＨＬ－６０细胞于Ｇ＿１期，而诱导敏感的ＨＬ－６０细胞发生凋亡，其阻断作用与抗药性无关