基于德尔菲法和层次分析法的硕士研究生生源质量评价指标体系研究

目的构建准确、有效、易操作的研究生生源质量评价体系，促进研究生教育健康发展。 方法在利益相关者调查、文献研究及专家访谈的基础上，初步确定硕士研究生生源质量评价指标体系的一级、二级指标，运用德尔菲法进行两轮专家咨询最终确定硕士研究生生源质量评价指标，运用层次分析法计算评价指标权重。 结果专家熟悉程度为0.8657、0.8648，判断依据为 0.7457、0.7484，权威系数为 0.8057、0.8314，Kendall协调系数为 0.125、0.406（ P<0.001）。确定硕士研究生生源质量评价指标包括 4项一级指标、14项二级指标。一级指标为成绩指标、背景结构、专业适配、综合素质，权重分别为 0.42、0.23、0.23、0.12，判断矩阵的一致性比例（CR）为 0.004，二级指标判断矩阵的（CR）分别为0.017、0.018、0.018、0。 结论运用德尔菲法和层次分析法构建的硕士研究生生源质量评价指标体系及其权重较为科学，结果可信，可对研究生生源质量进行科学的诊断性评估，为研究生教育的培养、就业跟踪评价奠定了重要的基础作用。     

Deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 promotes axonal regeneration in mammals

Axonal regeneration plays an important role in functional recovery after nervous system damage. However, after axonal injury in mammals, regeneration is often poor. The deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 (Klf4) has been shown to promote axonal regeneration in retinal ganglion cells. However, the effects of Klf4 deletion on the corticospinal tract and peripheral nervous system are unknown. In this study, using a mouse model of sciatic nerve injury, we show that the expression of Klf4 in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons was significantly reduced after peripheral axotomy, suggesting that the regeneration of the sciatic nerve is associated with Klf4. In vitro, dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons with Klf4 knockout exhibited significantly enhanced axonal regeneration. Furthermore, the regeneration of the sciatic nerve was enhanced in vivo following Klf4 knockout. Finally, AAV-Cre virus was used to knockout the Klf4 gene in the cortex. The deletion of Klf4 enhanced regeneration of the corticospinal tract in mice with spinal cord injury. Together, our findings suggest that regulating KLF4 activity in neurons is a potential strategy for promoting axonal regeneration and functional recovery after nervous system injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee at Soochow University, China (approval No. SUDA20200316A01).

Chinese Library Classification No.R456; R741; Q344+.14     

Design and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Cerebral Flow Diverter Stent

Brain arterial aneurysms are localised dilatation in the wall of cerebral arteries that are common among adult population and associated with high incidence of morbidity and mortality. Using flow diverter stent alone to treat cerebral aneurysm is recognized as a safe and effective method. However, flow diverter stents currently available have limitations due to their braided structures. In this paper a novel flow diverter stent is proposed. It is made out of nitinol tubes that provide adequate radial stiffness and tailored surface coverage to overcome problems of currently available braided stents while retaining low porosity and excellent longitudinal flexibility. Finite element analysis using Abaqus has been conducted to investigate radial stiffness, longitudinal flexibility, and maximum strain during packaging of a series of novel stent designs with varied geometric parameters. Results show that porosity below 70% can be achieved and provides radial stiffness and longitudinal flexibility comparable to those of the Neuroform stent that is commonly used for stent assisted coiling. The novel flow diverter has showed great potential for direct treatment of cerebral aneurysms.     

中药代谢分析研究进展＊

中药具有多成分、多靶点的特性，药效物质基础及药物代谢途径不明确严重制约中药的发展。中药小分子经过体内代谢后转化成代谢物发挥药效或者清除。近年来随着MS技术的飞速发展，通过LC-MS技术进行精准定性定量分析，以阐明中药代谢物与机体生理及病理相关变化的关系，从而明确中药的药效物质基础及体内代谢路径。本文从中药代谢研究思路、研究方法、影响因素以及应用等方面，就近年来中药代谢分析领域的研究进展进行综述。     

PCI 模式结合PDCA 循环质量管理法提高医学研究生学术培养质量

为培养高质量的临床医学研究生，我们创立了研究生培养PCI（计划+ 个性、协作+ 交流、传承+ 创新）模式，在此基础上运用PDCA 循环质量管理法对培养过程进行实时监督。研究生在文章发表、课题申报及优秀毕业论文、国内获奖等方面均取得了较好成绩，科研素质、人文素质得到了较大的提高，且该模式在医学院校值得推广。     

深度融合教育本质的教务系统案例解析

本文从剖析教务管理系统种种现状困境出发，导引出教务系统设计应遵循的教育核心本质。指出教育、教学、教务和谐共存的方向应该是管理、支持、服务的生态化发展。     

Fast volumetric imaging of bound and pore water in cortical bone using three‐dimensional ultrashort‐TE (UTE) and inversion recovery UTE sequences

We report the three‐dimensional ultrashort‐TE (3D UTE) and adiabatic inversion recovery UTE (IR‐UTE) sequences employing a radial trajectory with conical view ordering for bi‐component T₂* analysis of bound water (T₂*^BW) and pore water (T₂*^PW) in cortical bone. An interleaved dual‐echo 3D UTE acquisition scheme was developed for fast bi‐component analysis of bound and pore water in cortical bone. A 3D IR‐UTE acquisition scheme employing multiple spokes per IR was developed for bound water imaging. Two‐dimensional UTE (2D UTE) and IR‐UTE sequences were employed for comparison. The sequences were applied to bovine bone samples (n = 6) and volunteers (n = 6) using a 3‐T scanner. Bi‐component fitting of 3D UTE images of bovine samples showed a mean T₂*^BW of 0.26 ± 0.04 ms and T₂*^PW of 4.16 ± 0.35 ms, with fractions of 21.5 ± 3.6% and 78.5 ± 3.6%, respectively. The 3D IR‐UTE signal showed a single‐component decay with a mean T₂*^BW of 0.29 ± 0.05 ms, suggesting selective imaging of bound water. Similar results were achieved with the 2D UTE and IR‐UTE sequences. Bi‐component fitting of 3D UTE images of the tibial midshafts of healthy volunteers showed a mean T₂*^BW of 0.32 ± 0.08 ms and T₂*^PW of 5.78 ± 1.24 ms, with fractions of 34.2 ± 7.4% and 65.8 ± 7.4%, respectively. Single‐component fitting of 3D IR‐UTE images showed a mean T₂*^BW of 0.35 ± 0.09 ms. The 3D UTE and 3D IR‐UTE techniques allow fast volumetric mapping of bound and pore water in cortical bone. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.