The attitude toward xenocorneal transplantation in wait‐listed subjects for corneal transplantation in Korea

Shortage of donor cornea is a significant problem in Asia, and xenocorneal transplantation is being actively studied to alleviate this problem. However, the attitudes of subjects who await corneal transplants toward xenocorneal transplantation are not known at all. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the attitudes of subjects on the waiting lists for corneal transplants, toward corneal xenotransplantation. A telephone questionnaire survey comprising six items was conducted in 132 subjects among the wait‐listed individuals (n = 590) who were awaiting corneal transplantation or had undergone corneal transplantation at Seoul National University Hospital from July, 2003 to August, 2012. Among six inquiries, four questions were used to analyze attitudes toward corneal xenotransplantation. Each question pertained to (1) the acceptance of xenocorneal transplantation, (2) willingness to participate in clinical trials, (3) worries in xenocorneal transplantation, and (4) the concern of self‐identity or social life after xenocorneal transplantation. To analyze demographic factors influencing the question, the subjects were arbitrarily divided into two groups: the young (age < 60 yr, n = 58) and the elderly (age ≥ 60 yr, n = 74) or the less‐educated (n = 53) and the well‐educated with high school diploma, college graduation, or higher education (n = 79). Collected demographic data were analyzed as influencing factors on each question using a chi‐square and logistic regression tests. In this study, 42.4% of the subjects (n = 56) expressed favorable views on xenocorneal transplantation using porcine corneas to cure visual loss from corneal blindness. Among those subjects expressing favorable views (n = 56), the willingness to participate in clinical trials, knowing they and their spouses must undergo long‐term surveillance, was 62.5% (n = 35). There were 76.5% of subjects (n = 101) expressing worries regarding xenocorneal transplantation, while 28.8% of subjects (n = 38) expressed their concerns about self‐identity or social life after xenotransplantation. Younger subjects expressed more worry about xenotransplantation than elderly subjects. The well‐educated expressed less concern over self‐identity and social life than the less‐educated. This survey among subjects who are wait‐listed for corneal transplant or who have received a corneal transplant demonstrates that there is an interest in xenocorneal transplantation as an alternate procedure, although there are worries about the procedure that should be further explored in educational campaigns and future studies of the general population.     

全机器人辅助低温灌注下肾部分切除术的护理配合

目的：探讨全机器人辅助低温灌注下肾部分切除术下的护理配合流程,提高护士的手术配合质量。方法通过配合10例全机器人辅助低温灌注下肾部分切除手术,对术前物品准备、手术间布局,术中体位摆放及手术精准配合进行总结。结果10例手术顺利完成,无中转开腹,手术配合满意。结论准备好特殊手术物品,熟练的手术操作步骤,与手术医生积极沟通,掌握机器人各系统的使用情况是确保手术成功的关键。     

大黄素对全身炎性反应综合征时中性粒细胞凋亡异常治疗的研究

目的研究大黄素对全身炎性反应综合征(SIRS)时中性粒细胞即多形核白细胞(polymorphonuc lear neutro-ph il,PMN)凋亡异常的治疗作用。方法32例SIRS患者(均为急性胰腺炎)提取外周血PMN后分为四组,即对照组、大黄素治疗组、白细胞介素(IL)-10治疗组、地塞米松治疗组,分别培养24 h后观察两组的PMN凋亡情况(采用流式细胞仪和TUNEL方法定量检测)。结果对照组外周血PMN细胞凋亡率为(42±8)%,大黄素治疗组PMN细胞凋亡率为(54±10)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组凋亡指数(AI)为25±7,大黄素治疗组外周血PMN的AI为33±9,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。而IL-10治疗组、地塞米松治疗组与对照组比较则无明显变化。结论大黄素对SIRS患者外周血的PMN凋亡延迟有治疗作用。     

单耳堵塞对沙土鼠中脑下丘神经元谷氨酸受体密度的影响

目的考察单耳堵塞对沙土鼠中脑下丘(IC)背侧核(ICd)、外侧核(ICx)和中央核(ICc)部位谷氨酸(Glu)受体密度的影响。方法实验在30只沙土鼠上进行,雌雄不拘。分别在沙土鼠出生后3周龄(21dpn)、6周龄(42dpn)和成年(70dpn)实施单耳堵塞,4周后以体外受体标记放射自显影方法,考察比较IC左右侧各部位的银粒密度变化,并以此为相对指标,分析动物IC的神经元Glu受体密度的变化。结果成年组两侧IC神经元Glu受体密度没有显著性差异;3周龄和6周龄组呈现堵耳对侧的Glu受体密度明显少于堵耳同侧的不均衡分布(ICd部位:t=2.53,P=0.0186,t=1.77,P=0.0443;ICx部位:t=1.90,P=0.0359,t=2.03,P=0.0367;ICc部位:t=1.07,P=0.0332;t=2.35,P=0.0208)。并且3周龄组ICc部位的两侧Glu受体密度比值最小(0.61±0.03)。结论出生后6周前单耳堵塞对沙土鼠IC的神经元Glu受体发育具有明显影响,与Glu受体相关的下丘听觉功能发育将延续到出生后6周。     

富氧对海拔3 700m高原人体血液流变学的影响

目的探讨在高原建立富氧室对机体血液流变学的影响.方法在海拔3 700m高原室内充氧,使氧浓度提高为24%～25%.12名受试者在富氧条件下睡眠10h,出富氧室4h后,检测红细胞压积(HCT)、血液粘度(ηb)、血浆粘度(ηp)、还原粘度(ηr)、红细胞刚性指数(IR)、红细胞变形系数(TK)和血细胞聚集系数(VAl).结果富氧后较富氧前ηb、ηp、IR、TK和VAI均降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05),HCT、ηr无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论富氧10h可改善高原机体缺氧,并且增强机体的氧储备可持续4h以上.     

异体脱钙骨基质骨粒骨水泥骨形态发生蛋白复合材料成骨诱导活性

INTRODUCTIONTherecombinanthumanbonemorphogeneticprotein-2(rhBMP-2)hadbeenexpressedbytheeukaryoticcellsineightycentury犤1犦.TherhBMP-2combinedwiththedecalcifiedbonematrix(DBM)par-ticleswasimpregnatedwithbonecementtoproducethecompoundbonedefectrepairmaterialandtheboneinductivecapacityofitwasinvestigatedinourstudy.MATERIALSANDMETHODSDBMparticlesandthecompoundmaterialpreparationThe100-400μmgrainyDBMparticlesweremadeaccordingtotheUrist'smethods犤2犦.30mgDBMparticlescombinedwith…     

骨科专职康复护士对促进骨折病人康复的作用

自理能力下降,生存质量降低,是骨折病人突出的问题。早期的功能锻炼,可预防继发性残疾,最大限度的保存和恢复肢体的功能,提高病人生存质量。我科在完成基础护理的同时,重视提高病人的生存质量,结合本病房实际情况,将康复护理工作作为护理工作的又一重点。为此,我科于2004年前7月设立了专职康复护士,为住院病人康复知识指导并进行专职康复护理工作,取得了满意的效果。现总结如下。1临床资料2003年7月—2004年6月的病人106例作为对照组,其中男74例,女32例;年龄15岁~78岁,平均43.5岁;文化程度:高中及以上41例,初中及以下65例;肱骨骨折11例,尺桡…     

Effect of acupuncture treatment on chronic neck and shoulder pain in sedentary female workers: a 6-month and 3-year follow-up study

The study was carried out to examine whether acupuncture treatment can reduce chronic pain in the neck and shoulders and related headache, and also to examine whether possible effects are long-lasting. Therefore, 24 female office workers (47+/-9 years old, mean+/-SD) who had had neck and shoulder pain for 12+/-9 years were randomly assigned to a test group (TG) or a control group (CG). Acupuncture was applied 10 times during 3-4 weeks either at presumed anti-pain acupoints (TG) or at placebo-points (CG). A physician measured the pain threshold (PPT) in the neck and shoulder regions with algometry before the first treatment, and after the last one and six months after the treatments. Questionnaires on muscle pain and headache were answered at the same occasions and again 3 years after the last treatment. The intensity and frequency of pain fell more for TG than for CG (Pb < or = 0.04) during the treatment period. Three years after the treatments TG still reported less pain than before the treatments (Pw < 0.001) contrary to what CG did (Pb < 0.04) The degree of headache fell during the treatment period for both groups, but more for TG than for CG (Pb=0.02) Three years after the treatments the effect still lasted for TG (Pw < 0.01) while the degree of headache for CG was back to the pre-treatment level (Pb < 0.001) PPT of some muscles rose during the treatments for TG and remained higher 6 months after the treatments (Pw < 0.05) which contrasts the situation for CG. Adequate acupuncture treatment may reduce chronic pain in the neck and shoulders and related headache. The effect lasted for 3 years.