儿童难治性肾病综合征的探讨95例临床分析

本文对95例肾病综合征进行分析,探讨了性别、年龄、发病迁延时间、浮肿、蛋白尿、血尿、血压、尿素氮、血浆蛋白、血浆胆固醇、免疫球蛋白、补体C_3与激素反应及分型的关系。认为下列综合分析可做为判定难治性肾病综合征的参考。难治性肾病多分布在7岁以上,激素治疗4～8周血浆蛋白尚未恢复,尿镜检反复出现红细胞及颗粒管型,血清r—球蛋白不低,而补体C_3降低,提示难治性肾病。各种感染常常是造成肾病综合心难以控制,甚至死亡的重要因素。     

儿童颈椎间盘钙化症的影像诊断

目的 探讨儿童颈椎间盘钙化症的影像表现及诊断价值，并提高对本病的认识。方法 回顾分析16例儿童颈椎钙化性椎间盘病的影像表现。结果 16例患均行颈椎平片检查，5例行CT扫描并作了三维重建，8例行MRI检查。16例平片均显示了椎间盘钙化灶，均为单发，CT平扫加三维重建显示4例钙化呈卵圆形，1例钙化为不规则形。MRI检查不仅显示了椎间盘内改变还清晰显示了病变相邻椎体边缘信号改变，在T1、T2加权像上呈低信号。结论 平片检查可以显示椎间盘钙化；CT平扫加三维重建能清晰显示了钙化灶的大小、形态；MRI检查在显示受累椎体及周围组织的改变方面明显优于CT和平片。     

胃癌组织p16基因蛋白表达的意义

目的　检测 p1 6基因蛋白在胃癌组织、癌旁组织中的表达及其分布特点 ,分析其与胃癌临床病理学特征及预后的关系 .方法　采用 S- P免疫组织化学法对 53例胃癌组织及 35例癌旁组织进行 p1 6蛋白的定位观察 .结果　各病理类型胃癌组织、癌旁组织均有 p1 6基因蛋白表达 .阳性率分别为 62 .3% (33/53)和 88.6% (31 /35) ,阳性细胞的棕黄色颗粒主要位于细胞核 .胃癌 p1 6基因蛋白表达与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位在统计学上无差异 (P>0 .0 5) ;而与组织学类型、病理分级、淋巴结转移、临床病理分期在统计学上有差异 (P<0 .0 5) .p1 6蛋白阳性者 5年生存率 51 .0 %高于 p1 6蛋白阴性者 2 0 .0 % (P<0 .0 5) .结论　 p1 6基因缺失和表达水平的改变与胃癌发生、发展密切相关 ,检测 p1 6基因蛋白表达可作为辅助临床判断胃癌的生物学行为及推测预后的指标     

现代中医药产业化发展探讨(四)——中医医疗部分

现代中医药产业化发展在经历过一个漫长的过程之后,取得了可喜的成就。回顾了中医药在改革开放以后所取得的成就;对我国中医药目前的现状进行了分析,并根据国家提出的中医药事业“十五”计划的目标和内容进行了进一步的阐述和展望。     

量化健康教育在CCU住院病人健康教育中的应用

医院健康教育是护理人员通过各种教育形式使病人或家属获得预防疾病、促进康复、保持健康知识的护理活动[1]。它有多种教育形式,本文就量化健康教育与随机健康教育效果进行比较。1对象与方法1.1对象2002年1月—2004年1月,知道自己所患病情,能清楚表达自己意愿的200例CCU住院病人为对象。按随机数字表将200例病人分为实验组和对照组。实验组男68例,女40例,年龄(58.7±6.9)岁;初中及以下35例,高中及以上73例;高血压36例,急性心肌梗死13例,不稳定性心绞痛17例,恶性心律失常27例(行起搏器植入术7例),急性左心衰竭15例。对照组男60例,女32例,年…     

Lipid extract from completely sporoderm‐broken germinating Ganoderma sinensis spores elicits potent antitumor immune responses in human macrophages

Ganoderma sinensis has been used widely in Oriental countries for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the lipid extract from Ganoderma exhibits direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Here, it is reported that the lipid extract from germinating G. sinensis spores, at lower concentrations that have no direct tumoricidal activity, induce potent antitumor immune responses in human monocytes/macrophages. Upon stimulation with the lipid extract, monocytes/macrophages exhibited markedly increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and surface expression of costimulatory molecules. Conditioned medium from stimulated cells effectively suppressed the growth of tumor cells. Apparently, the lipid extract triggered macrophage activation via a mechanism different from that associated with LPS. Moreover, it was observed that the lipid extract could partially re‐establish the antitumor activity of the immunosuppressive tumor‐associated macrophages. These results indicated that in addition to its direct tumoricidal activity, the lipid extract from G. sinensis spores could exert antitumor activity by stimulating the activation of human monocytes/macrophages. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Kindergarten children's representation and understanding of written number symbols

Two samples of kindergarten children's representation and understanding of written number symbols were examined in two time points in one academic year. About 85% of Chinese five year olds (mean = 5 years 10 months) were able to use conventional number symbols to represent the quantity of 30 or larger. At the end of the kindergarten year, 94% of Chinese six year olds (mean = 6 years 4 months) were able to use conventional number symbols to represent the quantity of 100 or larger. Some Chinese six year olds had problems in representing written addition and subtraction tasks. Children's ability to represent written number symbols, ability to represent written addition and subtraction formula and their performance on written addition and subtraction were closely related. The performance of children in a university-affiliated childcare center was better than that of the center serving working-class families in Time 1, but the performance reversed at the end of the kindergarten year.     

增强子Ⅰ对乙型肝炎病毒DNA疫苗免疫应答的影响

目的研究乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)自身增强子Ⅰ(enhancerⅠ,ENHⅠ)对HBVDNA疫苗免疫应答的影响。方法采用PCR法以HBVadr亚型全基因DNA序列为模板分别扩增表面抗原(HBsAg)和HBsAg-ENHⅠ基因片段,重组到载体VR1012中,构建两种HBVDNA疫苗,转染COS-7细胞及HepG2细胞并免疫BALB/c小鼠。采用蛋白印迹、ELISA、ELISPOT等方法检测其在COS-7和HepG2细胞内的表达及小鼠的体液及细胞免疫应答效果。结果转染的HepG2和COS-7细胞均表达HBsAg;连接ENHⅠ的HBVDNA疫苗转染HepG2细胞后HBsAg表达量明显升高,两种疫苗转染COS-7细胞表达HBsAg无明显差异;免疫小鼠后第2周产生HBsAb及HBsAg特异性细胞毒T淋巴细胞(CTL),两种疫苗免疫产生的HBsAb及HBsAg特异性CTL无明显差异。结论ENHⅠ可使HBVDNA疫苗转染HepG2细胞表达HBsAg明显增加,对转染COS-7细胞表达HBsAg及接种BALB/c小鼠引起的免疫应答无明显影响。     

HPLC法测定欣康胶囊中次乌头碱含量

目的测定欣康胶囊中次乌头碱的含量。方法采用反相高效液相法,以C18为固定相,甲醇-水-三乙胺(75∶25∶0.05)为流动相,检测波长为232nm。结果平均回收率为94.65%,RSD为3.54%。结论方法简便,准确。     

用逆转录—聚合酶链反应法对类胰岛素生长因子cDNA的扩增

逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法是将PCR方法与逆转录法结合应用,可快速高效地扩增某一基因的全cDNA。类胰岛素生长因子-I(IGF-I)在人染色体中只有一个基因,全长超过45kb,并有内含子,其cDNA却只有几百个bp,为了表达得到IGF-I,本文利用RT-PCR方法,从胎肝提出的混合mRNA中,筛选并扩增了IGF-I的cDNA。经过分子克隆与测序,证明不需制备胎肝cDNA库,即可快速获得IGF-I的cDNA。