Strategies of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer

For advanced proximal gastric cancer (GC), splenic hilar (No. 10) lymph nodes (LN) are crucial links in lymphatic drainage. According to the 14^th edition of the Japanese GC treatment guidelines, a D2 lymphadenectomy is the standard surgery for advanced GC, and No. 10 LN should be dissected for advanced proximal GC. In recent years, the preservation of organ function and the use of minimally invasive technology are being accepted by an increasing number of clinicians. Laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar LN dissection has become more accepted and is gradually being used in operations. However, because of the complexity of splenic hilar anatomy, mastering the strategies for laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar LN dissection is critical for successfully completing the operation.     

Risk Factors Predictive of Recurrence and Progression for Patients Who Suffered Initial Recurrence After Transurethral Resection of Stage pT1 Bladder Tumor in Chinese Population: A Retrospective Study

Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the stage pT1nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a high probability of recurrence after initial diagnosis and treatment. However, risk factors predictive of repeated recurrence and progression of pT1 bladder tumors after primary relapse have not been uncovered. Thus, we conducted the retrospective study.A total of 418 patients who suffered initial recurrence after transurethral resection (TUR) of pT1 bladder tumor were selected for the analyses. Clinic information of the patients was retrieved from their medical records. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. The probability of recurrence and progression by multivariate analyses was used as a surrogate marker to construct receiver operating curve (ROC).Results showed that variables including time to prior recurrence time, prior treatment, number of tumor, tumor size, tumor grade, and time of instillation after surgery were associated with the repeated recurrence of pT1 bladder tumor (P < 0.05). The variables including time to prior recurrence time, tumor size, tumor grade, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and time of instillation after surgery were associated with progression of pT1 bladder tumor (P < 0.05). In the present study, the multivariate model showed an area under ROC (AUC) value of 0.754 and 0.798 for tumor recurrence and progression, respectively, which was more effective in prediction than a single risk factor.In conclusion, we have identified several risk factors relevant to RFS and PFS for patients who have had a history of recurrence of pT1 bladder tumor after TUR. These predictive factors may help urologists to stratify patients into distinct risk groups of recurrence and progression, which probably contributes to the individualized treatment for patients.     

Plasma and Synovial Fluid TrxR Levels are Correlated With Disease Risk and Severity in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

This study was designed and performed to establish the relationship between plasma and synovial fluid (SF) levels of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and disease activity in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).This study consisted of a total of 224 patients diagnosed with RA, 224 age and sex-matched healthy controls, and 156 patient controls. The disease activity of RA patients was calculated as diseases activity score that include 28-joint counts (DAS 28), which was divided into low-diseases activity (LDA) and high-diseases activity (HDA) groups.Increased plasma TrxR was detected in patients with RA than healthy controls (P < 0.0001). With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.874, plasma TrxR showed a evidently greater discriminatory ability than C-reactive protein (CRP; AUC, 0.815), antistreptolysin-O (ASO; AUC, 0.631), rheumatoid factor (RF, AUC, 0.793), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, AUC, 0.789) in diagnosing RA. RA patients with HDA had significantly elevated TrxR levels in plasma and SF than did those with LDA (P < 0.0001). With an AUC of 0.874, plasma TrxR levels as an indicator for screening of HDA showed a significantly greater discriminatory ability than CRP (AUC, 0.690), ASO (AUC, 0.597), RF (AUC, 0.657), and ESR (AUC, 0.603). Similarly, SF TrxR levels as an indicator for screening of HDA also showed a significantly greater discriminatory ability as compared with above biomarkers.TrxR levels in plasma and SF were positively correlated with the severity of RA. TrxR levels may therefore serve as a new biomarker in addition of the traditional biomarkers for assessing the risk and severity of RA. Further analysis of TrxR release machinery may give us a new understanding of pathogenesis of RA.     

Survival analysis of patients with spinal chordomas

Neurosurgical Review - This study was aimed to analyze the survival of patients with spinal chordomas. Patients’ data in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were...     

Vibrio vulnificus meningoencephalitis in a patient with thalassemia and a splenectomy

Journal of NeuroVirology - Vibrio vulnificus usually causes wound infection, gastroenteritis, and septicemia. However, it is a rare conditional pathogen causing meningoencephalitis. We report a...     

和厚朴酚对大鼠脊髓背根神经元细胞瞬时受体电位通道活化和小鼠模型瘙痒的影响

【摘要】 目的 初步探讨和厚朴酚对瞬时受体电位通道（TRP）活化的影响和抗瘙痒作用。方法 用4 ~ 6周龄健康雄性ICR小鼠分别建立组胺诱导和乙醚/丙酮/水（AEW）诱导的瘙痒模型,将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、3种剂量和厚朴酚组（50、25和12.5 mg/kg）、溶媒组及氯苯那敏组（仅在组胺诱导实验中设置）。正常对照组和模型组给予生理氯化钠溶液灌胃,溶媒组给予羧甲基纤维素钠溶液灌胃,氯苯那敏组给予氯苯那敏灌胃,和厚朴酚组用不同浓度和厚朴酚灌胃。在组胺模型实验中,给予小鼠灌胃24 h后注射组胺;在AEW模型实验中,先用乙醚/丙酮/水处理小鼠4 d后再予不同药物灌胃。通过计数30 min内动物的搔抓次数评价各处理的抗瘙痒作用。分离培养原代大鼠脊髓背根神经元（DRG）细胞,将其分成6组,即辣椒素或异硫氰酸烯丙酯（AITC）诱导的模型组、辣椒平（500 μmol/L）或HSC030031（10 μmol/L）组、溶媒组、3种浓度（7.81、15.63、31.25 mg/L）和厚朴酚组：辣椒素或AITC诱导的模型组预先用Hanks平衡盐溶液孵育,辣椒平或HSC030031组、溶媒组、和厚朴酚组分别预先加入辣椒平或HSC030031、二甲基亚砜、不同浓度的和厚朴酚孵育,用Ca2+荧光成像技术观察辣椒素或AITC诱导后Ca2+细胞内流的变化。用SPSS 20.0软件进行单因素方差分析和Dunnett?t检验。结果 组胺诱导小鼠瘙痒模型经50 mg/kg和25 mg/kg和厚朴酚处理后,搔抓次数显著低于模型组（21.88和21.14比 63.70,t值分别为3.48、3.49,P值均为0.003）,12.5 mg/kg和厚朴酚组与模型组差异无统计学意义（t = 2.01,P = 0.062）。AEW诱导的小鼠瘙痒模型经50 mg/kg和厚朴酚处理后搔抓次数显著低于模型组（61.4比101.17,t = 0.45,P = 0.009）,但25 mg/kg和12.5 mg/kg和厚朴酚组与模型组相比差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。31.25 mg/L和厚朴酚处理组与辣椒素或AITC诱导的模型组相比,DRG细胞内Ca2+荧光信号的升高受到显著抑制：辣椒素模型组第45秒时相对荧光强度变化率（△F/F0）为1.11,而31.25 mg/L和厚朴酚处理组为-0.11;AITC模型组第45秒时△F/F0为0.56,而31.25 mg/L和厚朴酚组为0.00。结论 和厚朴酚对组胺因素与非组胺因素诱导的瘙痒动物模型均具有瘙痒抑制作用,可能与其抑制DRG细胞TRPV1和TRPA1通道活化后Ca2+细胞内流有关。     

Structural shifts in the intestinal microbiota of rats treated with cyclosporine A after orthotropic liver transplantation

Understanding the effect of immunosuppressive agents on intestinal microbiota is important to reduce the mortality and morbidity from orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We investigated the relationship between the commonly used immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A (CSA) and the intestinal microbial variation in an OLT model. The rat samples were divided as follows: (1) N group (normal control); (2) I group (isograft LT, Brown Norway [BN] rat to BN); (3) R group (allograft LT, Lewis to BN rat); and (4) CSA group (R group treated with CSA). The intestinal microbiota was assayed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles and by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The liver histopathology and the alanine/aspartate aminotransferase ratio after LT were both ameliorated by CSA. In the CSA group, the numbers of rDNA gene copies of Clostridium cluster I, Clostridium cluster XIV, and Enterobacteriaceae decreased, whereas those of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii increased compared with the R group. Cluster analysis indicated that the samples from the N, I, and CSA groups were clustered, whereas the other clusters contained the samples from the R group. Hence, CSA ameliorates hepatic graft injury and partially restores gut microbiota following LT, and these may benefit hepatic graft rejection.     

Long-term physical,mental and social health effects of COVID-19 in the pediatric population:a scoping review

Background The majority of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)symptom presentations in adults and children appear to run their course within a couple of weeks.Ho...