急性缺氧对大鼠海马神经元钙激活钾通道的作用

目的:本实验采用膜片钳单通道技术研究缺氧条件下对培养新生大鼠海马神经元钙激活钾通道的作用;方法:取1 ～3天的SD大鼠海马神经元组织,制成细胞悬液,加入含80 %DMEM(dulbecco' s modified eagle' s medium)、20 %小牛血清培养基进行培养,将培养3 ～5天的形态典型的神经元置于对称性高钾溶液中,用膜钳技术记录单通道电流,其通道电流通过膜片钳放大器(CEZ -2200)放大,滤波(3KHz)后,经A/D、D/A转换器输入计算机,采用pClamp6 .0 .6软件采样分析;结果:在细胞贴附式下,应用氰化钠(20μmol/L)造成细胞急性缺氧,在缺氧早期(5 ～20 min)通道开放概率增加(P<0 .01或P<0 .05 ,n=5) ,而缺氧后期(20 ～30 min) ,通道开放概率明显降低,表明缺氧时间对通道的开放概率有明显影响。结论:缺氧早期神经元钙激活钾通道有自身激活作用,当钙激活钾通道激活时,钾离子外流增加,产生膜的复极化,使去极化不易产生,从而稳定细胞膜及降低细胞的兴奋性,这可能是缺氧早期神经元自身的一种代偿机制。     

慢性结肠炎患者保留灌肠方法的临床研究

目的 :探讨用改进的保留灌肠方法治疗护理慢性结肠炎的效果 :方法 :随机将 6 0例慢性结肠炎患者分为对照组和观察组 ,对照组用传统保留灌肠方法 ,观察组的用注射式接尿管 (代肛管 )方法。结果 :与对照组比较 ,观察组药液在肠道内保留的时间延长 (P <0 0 1) ,灌肠药液外溢减少 (P <0 0 1) ,总有效率明显增高 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :改进保留灌肠方法可减少药物外溢 ,延长药物在肠内保留的时间 ,提高治疗护理效果。现报告如下     

奎硫平与氯丙嗪治疗精神分裂症的对照研究

目的验证奎硫平治疗精神分裂症患者的临床疗效与安全性。方法94例精神分裂症患者随机分成2组，奎硫平组48例，氯丙嗪组46例进行临床对照研究，分别给予奎硫平与氯丙嗪治疗8周。采用阳性症状与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定临床疗效，副反应量表（TESS）记录不良反应。结果两组PANSS评分较治疗前均有显著下降（P均〈0．01）；临床显效率和总有效率奎硫平组为70．8％和87．5％，氯丙嗪组为67．4％和84．8％，两组间疗效比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。在阴性因子、认知因子、PANSS总分减分率方面，奎硫平组与氯丙嗪组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。奎硫平组的各种不良反应发生率较氯丙嗪组低且轻微（P〈0．05）。结论奎硫平组与氯丙嗪组治疗精神分裂症疗效相似，奎硫平不良反应较氯丙嗪少，是1种有效、安全性高的抗精神病药，在改善认知功能和阴性症状方面，奎硫平优于氯丙嗪。     

CCN家族研究进展

新近发现的CCN基因家族包括CTGF，Cyr61,nov,elml,HICP和WISP-3等，它们由343-381个氨基酸残基构成4个结构模块，都含有38个保守的半胱氨酸，具有广泛的生物学特性，影响细胞的生长，分化，粘附和运动，在妊娠，发育和分化，血管生成，伤口修复，炎性作用，肿瘤生长等多种生物学过程中起重要作用。     

止咳枇杷冲剂中枇杷叶和桔梗的薄层色谱鉴别研究

研究止咳枇杷冲剂中枇杷叶和桔梗的薄层色谱鉴别方法。分别取枇杷叶和桔梗药材，制剂及阴性制剂的醋酸乙酯提取液，在硅胶板上前者以ψ（氯仿：甲醇：水）=2：2.25:1.5展开，后者以ψ（正已烷：氯仿：甲醇）=5：4：0.3展开，磷钼酸乙醇溶液显色，在两者供试吕色谱中与各自对照药材色谱相应位置上，分别有相同的蓝绿色特征斑点；阴性制剂色谱图中无此斑点，因此该方法可作为这两味中药的鉴别方法。     

预防婴幼儿急腹症手术合并急性心衰的护理

目的 提高对心衰合并急性肺水肿的认识，加强针对性的护理，避免延误抢救治疗时间。方法 搜集2001年1月至2003年9月在我院婴幼儿急腹症手术婴幼儿急腹症手术前后出现的急性心衰并肺水肿共33例。通过对并发急性心衰合并肺水肿的婴幼儿进行的手术护理的病例分析；对患儿术前、术中和术后三个不同阶段的观察和护理。结果 经治疗后患儿急性心衰及肺水肿很快被控制。特别是早发现、早治疗的患儿。治愈29例，自动出院1例，死亡3例。结论 对婴幼儿急腹症手术加强心率、呼吸等体征的观察，及早作出急性心衰、肺水肿的诊断及处理，分秒必争，有效地防治心衰的发生，是抢救成功的重要措施之一。     

Role of endothelin in the pathogenesis of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive and 2 kidneys 1 clip rats.

The plasma endothelin (ET) level in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and 2K1C hypertension animal models and its vasoconstrictive effect on renal and tail arteries were studied. The results demonstrated that there was no difference in plasma ET level between the hypertensive groups SHR, 2K1C, normotensive control groups Wistar Kyot (WKY) and Sprague Dawley (SD), while the vasoconstrictive effect of ET in SHR was more dominant than in WKY. The EC50 of the renal and tail arteries in SHR (0.8912 +/- 0.1662 x 10(-8) M, 0.6103 +/- 0.0878 x 10(-8) M) was apparently lower than that in WKY (1.77 +/- 0.2991 x 10(-8) M, 1.2267 +/- 0.2502 x 10(-8) M, P less than 0.05), but no difference was found in 2K1C and SD rats. The four groups of animals exhibited no difference of such effects as response to norepine-phrine (NA). The findings suggested that the increased arteriole sensitivity to ET be an important factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR.

     

蚌埠地区人群金葡菌带菌调查及药敏试验

本文对不同人群抽样调查1101人,结果鼻咽部金葡菌带菌者222人。其中医务人员和住院患者的金葡菌带菌率明显高于院外人群(P<0.001）。提示医院内存在交叉感染。对222株金葡菌测定药敏试验及β-内酰胺酶,结果β-内酰胺酶阳性率89.6％。产酶株全部对青霉素耐药,不产酶株对青霉素敏感率91.4％。产酶与否,对红霉素、氯霉素耐药严重。利福平、苯唑青霉素、丁胺卡那霉素对金葡菌有极高的抗菌活性。     

Changes of Intestinal Caicitonin Gene-related Peptide in Acute Intestinal Radiation Sickness in Rats

The characteristic distribution of calcitonin gone-related peptide(CGRP)inthe small intestine of rats and its changes in acute intestinal radiation sickness(AIRS)were studied with immunocytochemistry(whole mount stretch preparations of the smallintestine and cryostat sections)and radio-immunoassay.It was found that in all the lay-ers of the intestinal walls,there were large amounts of CGRP immunoreactive(CGRP-I)nerve fibers which existed in especiaUy high density in the myenteric,submucosal andmucosal plexuses.There was also a rather high density of the nerves around the smallvessels of the small intestine and the intestinal crypts.Some CGRP-I neurons were seenin the myenteric and submucosal plexuses.In AIRS,the intestinal CGRP showed a dip-hasic change,in a lower level in the 24th h and a higher level in the 48th and 72nd h af-ter irradiation.The results indicate that CGRP may be related to the regulation of the motility,se-cretion,absorption,sensation,and regional blood flow of the gastrointestinal tract.Pro-bably,CGRP is released under the stress of AIRS and participates in the mechanism ofinjury through many ways especially through the influence on the regional blood flowand the increase of the permeability of blood vessels.