急性胰腺炎出院患者健康行为能力调查与影响因素分析

目的：调查急性胰腺炎出院患者健康行为能力的现状,分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料评估表、健康行为能力自评量表( SRAHP)、健康意识量表、抑郁自评量表( SDS)、社会支持评定量表( SSRS)对入住某三甲医院胆胰中心的193例首发急性胰腺炎出院患者进行调查。结果急性胰腺炎出院患者健康行为能力平均得分为(64.09±15.25)分。4个维度中,运动维度得分最高,其次是心理调适、营养和健康责任。70例(36.27%)患者健康行为能力处于良好水平,118例(61.14%)处于中等水平,5例(2.59%)处于较差水平。急性胰腺炎出院患者健康意识平均得分为(7.19±3.12)分,抑郁平均得分为(49.86±8.04)分。单因素分析显示,职业、文化程度、个人月收入、医疗费用承担情况、生活方式状况、社会支持、抑郁状况与健康意识是急性胰腺炎出院患者健康行为能力的影响因素(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,患者的健康意识、生活方式状况、社会支持状况、医疗费用承担情况与健康行为能力呈正相关(β值分别为0.99,1.00,0.56,1.01;P<0.05);抑郁状况与健康行为能力呈负相关(β=-0.68,P<0.05)。结论急性急性胰腺炎出院患者的健康行为能力亟待提高,护理人员在制定干预措施时,要注重帮助患者建立和强化健康意识,改变其不良生活方式,提高社会支持水平,保持良好情绪,以更好地提高其健康行为能力。     

Evaluating the impact of rehabilitation nursing intervention on quality of life in patients with burn injuries: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Despite the availability of pharmacological intervention, patients with burn injuries experience pain during the treatment of wounds. Supplementary rehabilitation nursing intervention are required to enhance the wellbeing of patients sustaining injuries from burns. The present study aims to conduct a systematic exploration of the impact of rehabilitation nursing intervention on the wellbeing in patients sustaining burn injuries.Methods:The electronic databases listed below will be searched systematically: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang database. All the databases will be searched from their inauguration to November 2020. There will be no language constraints. Independent undertaking by 2 authors will select studies, extract data from selected studies, and assess the quality of the included studies. All disagreements will be resolved through discussion, or by consulting a third independent author. This study will make use of RevMan 5.3 software to perform statistical analysis.Results:The present protocol summarizes high-quality evidence to assess the impact of rehabilitation nursing intervention on the wellbeing of patients sustaining burn injuries.Conclusion:The results of the present protocol has the potential to present evidence to assess whether rehabilitation nursing intervention can enhance the wellbeing of patients sustaining burn injuries.Registration number:November 17, 2020.osf.io/t6b8c/. (https://osf.io/t6b8c/).     

CD36 palmitoylation disrupts free fatty acid metabolism and promotes tissue inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Biosynthesis Makes Little Difference to Formation of Amphotericin B-Tolerant Persisters in Candida albicans Biofilm

Candida albicans persisters constitute a small subpopulation of biofilm cells and play a major role in recalcitrant chronic candidiasis; however, the mechanism underlying persister formation remains unclear. Persisters are often described as dormant, multidrug-tolerant, nongrowing cells. Persister cells are difficult to isolate and study not only due to their low levels in C. albicans biofilms but also due to their transient, reversible phenotype. In this study, we tried to induce persister formation by inducing C. albicans cells into a dormant state. C. albicans cells were pretreated with 5-fluorocytosine (planktonic cells, 0.8 μg ml⁻¹; biofilm cells, 1 μg ml⁻¹) for 6 h at 37°C, which inhibits nucleic acid and protein synthesis. Biofilms and planktonic cultures of eight C. albicans strains were surveyed for persisters after amphotericin B treatment (100 μg ml⁻¹ for 24 h) and CFU assay. None of the planktonic cultures, with or without 5-fluorocytosine pretreatment, contained persisters. Persister cells were found in biofilms of all tested C. albicans strains, representing approximately 0.01 to 1.93% of the total population. However, the persister levels were not significantly increased in C. albicans biofilms pretreated with 5-fluorocytosine. These results suggest that inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis did not seem to increase the formation of amphotericin B-tolerant persisters in C. albicans biofilms.     

帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮对男性急性精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响

目的：探讨帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮治疗男性急性精神分裂症患者的临床疗效和安全性,以及对社会功能影响。方法将80例男性急性精神分裂患者随机分为两组,每组40例,研究组口服帕利哌酮缓释片治疗,对照组口服利培酮治疗,观察12周。治疗前后采用阳性与阴性症状量表评定临床疗效,个人和社会功能量表评定社会功能,副反应量表评定不良反应。结果治疗12周末两组阳性与阴性症状量表总分及各因子分均较治疗前显著下降（ P＜0．01）,研究组较对照组下降更显著（P＜0．01）;两组个人和社会功能量表总分较治疗前显著升高（P＜0．01）,研究组较对照组升高更显著（ P＜0．01）;研究组总有效率为85．0％,对照组为75．0％,两组比较差异无显著性（χ2＝2．54,P＞0．05）;研究组不良反应发生率为20．0％,对照组为42．5％,研究组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组（χ2＝4．71,P＜0．05）。结论帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮均能有效改善男性急性精神分裂症患者的各种精神症状和社会功能,但帕利哌酮缓释片改善社会功能方面优于利培酮,安全性更高。     

精神分裂症患者凶杀犯罪研究进展

重性精神病以精神分裂症为主,患者受精神症状等多种因素的影响,易发生暴力或凶杀等行为,严重威胁着社会的公共安全,已日益受到社会各界的重视。本文对国内外有关精神分裂症患者凶杀犯罪的研究文献作一综述,为开展精神病患者凶杀研究提供参考。     

Biofabrication of a PLGA–TCP‐based porous bioactive bone substitute with sustained release of icaritin

A phytomolecule, icaritin, has been identified and shown to be osteopromotive for the prevention of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis. This study aimed to produce a bioactive poly (l ‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)–tricalcium phosphate (PLGA–TCP)‐based porous scaffold incorporating the osteopromotive phytomolecule icaritin, using a fine spinning technology. Both the structure and the composition of icaritin‐releasing PLGA–TCP‐based scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The porosity was quantified by both water absorption and micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). The mechanical properties were evaluated using a compression test. In vitro release of icaritin from the PLGA–TCP scaffold was quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The attachment, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the composite scaffold were evaluated. Both an in vitro cytotoxicity test and an in vivo test via muscular implantation were conducted to confirm the scaffold's biocompatibility. The results showed that the PLGA–TCP–icaritin composite scaffold was porous, with interconnected macro‐ (about 480 µm) and micropores (2–15 µm). The mechanical properties of the PLGA–TCP–icaritin scaffold were comparable with those of the pure PLGA–TCP scaffold, yet was spinning direction‐dependent. Icaritin content was detected in the medium and increased with time. The PLGA–TCP–icaritin scaffold facilitated the attachment, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In vitro cytotoxicity test and in vivo intramuscular implantation showed that the composite scaffold had no toxicity with good biocompatibility. In conclusion, an osteopromotive phytomolecule, icaritin, was successfully incorporated into PLGA–TCP to form an innovative porous composite scaffold with sustained release of osteopromotive icaritin, and this scaffold had good biocompatibility and osteopromotion, suggesting its potential for orthopaedic applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

腹腔镜结肠、直肠癌根治术与开腹手术的临床对比(320例分析)

【摘要】〓目的〓比较腹腔镜结肠、直肠癌根治术与开腹手术的临床疗效。方法〓回顾性分析我院2009年7月至2014年12月期间行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术156例患者及同期行开腹结直肠癌根治术164例患者的临床资料,比较两组患者的淋巴结清扫数目、切口长度、手术所需时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后并发症发生情况、住院时间及3年生存率。结果〓腔镜组与开腹组的淋巴结活检数目分别为分别为12.89±3.44枚和14.33±3.38枚,两组相比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。腔镜组与开腹组的切口长度分别为5.10±1.60 cm和15.2±2.51 cm,手术时间分别为196.75±21.54 min和153.82±14.85 min,术中出血量分别为85.63±35.73 mL和182.02±65.73 mL,下床活动时间分别为4.0±1.41天和6.8±1.82 天,肛门排气时间分别为 2.63±1.33天和4.70±1.39天,住院时间分别为10.76±2.10天和16.42±1.95天,住院总费用分别为3.69±0.30万元和3.03±0.37万元,两组相比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。腔镜组和开腹组并发症的发生率分别为5.8%和12.1%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论〓腹腔镜下结肠、直肠癌根治术安全、有效,与传统开腹手术相比,存在创伤更小、术后恢复更快的优点,远期疗效与开腹手术相当。