尾加压素Ⅱ在肝硬化门脉高压及侧支循环中的作用

尾加压素(urotensin-Ⅱ,UⅡ)是一种生长抑素样环肽,具有强有效的血管活性作用,并能促进血管重建和增生.研究显示,UⅡ与肝硬化门脉高压的形成有关,通过多种途径影响肝内血管阻力和外周循环血量,引起门脉压力升高,参与食管胃静脉曲张等侧支循环形成.应用UⅡ受体拮抗剂能降低肝硬化大鼠的门脉压力,但有待于在临床上做进一步研究.     

Association between sperm mitochondrial ND2 gene variants and total fertilization failure

The objective of this study was to explore the association of sperm mitochondrial ND2 (MT-ND2) gene variants with total fertilization failure (TFF). A retrospective comparative study of 246 cases of fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles or half-intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles in the Han Chinese population was performed from July 2011 to May 2017. A total of 59 cases undergoing TFF, and 187 control cases with normal fertilization (fertilization rates >50%) were included. The sperm mitochondrial genovariation was determined using nested sequencing. A total of 32 homoplasmic variants and 47 heteroplasmic variants of MT-ND2 gene were observed in this study. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of the 32 homoplasmic variants of MT-ND2 gene between the TFF and control groups. A total of 53 pair-wise comparisons were performed, and the general characteristics of the IVF failure and control subjects were adjusted in logistic models. Data suggested that there were no significant differences in the frequencies of point 4914, 5320, and 5426 heteroplasmic variants of MT-ND2 gene between the TFF and control groups. In addition, no significant difference was observed in the frequency of mtDNA haplogroup D or haplogroup G between the IVF failure group and the normal fertilization group. This study suggests that the MT-ND2 gene variants might not be associated with TFF.

Abbreviations: ATP: adenosine triphosphate; dNTP: deoxy-ribonucleoside triphosphate; FADH2: flavin adenine dinucleotide; FDR: false discovery rate; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; IVF: in vitro fertilization; LH: luteinizing hormone; MTATP6: mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 6; MTCYB: mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; MT-ND2: mitochondrial ND2; NADH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; ND2: NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2; OXPHOS: oxidative phosphorylation; PCR: single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNPs: single nucleotide polymorphisms; TFF: total fertilization failure     

A nano silicon adjuvant enhances inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis vaccine through activation the Toll-like receptors and promotes humoral and cellular immune responses

Inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) vaccines are widely used in swine herds in China. These are limited, however, by the need to elicit both humoral and cellular immunity, as well as the efficiency of adjuvants. In this study, a 70-nm nano silicon particle was applied with inactivated TGEV vaccine in mice, and its immune-enhancing effects and mechanism of action investigated. We found that nano silicon applied with inactivated TGEV vaccine induced high antibody titers, increase IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ expression, and stimulate CD3+ T cell proliferation with a high CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio. Nano silicon could quickly activate innate and adaptive immunity by stimulating Toll-like receptor signaling pathways, indicating that the nano silicon adjuvant enhanced long-term humoral and early cellular immune responses when combined with inactivated TGEV vaccine. Nano silicon could be considered for use as an antigen- carrier and adjuvant for veterinary vaccines.     

Comparable survival outcome between transplantation from haploidentical donor and matched related donor or unrelated donor for severe aplastic anemia patients aged 40 years and older: A retrospective multicenter cohort study

This retrospective multicenter cohort study aimed to compare the outcome of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HID-HSCT) with matched sibling donor (MSD) and unrelated donor (URD) transplantation in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients 40 years of age and older. With a median follow-up time of 17.6 months, 85 consecutive patients were enrolled in the study, and the median patient age was 45 years (40, 58). The cumulative engraftment rates of neutrophil and platelet were 98.8 ± 0.0% and 92.9 ± 0.1%. The cumulative incidences of Grade 2-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) and chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) at 3 years were 14.1 ± 0.1% and 17.3 ± 0.2%. The 3-year estimated overall survival (OS) and failure-free survival (FFS) were 91.2 ± 3.2% and 89.7 ± 3.5%. In multivariate analysis, the only factor associated with inferior survival was an ECOG score ≥2. HID-HSCT was associated with a higher incidence of GvHD, but the difference of 3-year estimated OS between HID group and the other two cohorts was not significant (86.7 ± 6.4% for HID vs 92.1% ± 4.4% for MSD and 100% for URD, P = .481). HID-HSCT might be a feasible alternative option for selected SAA patients aged 40 years and older without a matched donor.     

糖尿病患者白内障术后视功能与术前HbA1c值的相关性研究

目的:探究糖尿病患者白内障术后黄斑区视网膜结构、脉络膜结构及最佳矫正视力与术前HbA1c值的相关性。方法:临床病例对照研究。选择2016-10/2017-12在青岛市市立医院眼科中心符合入组条件的超声乳化白内障患者82例87眼,分为非糖尿病组和糖尿病组。依据术前HbA1c水平,将糖尿病组分为高HbA1c值组(HbA1c>7.0%)和正常HbA1c值组(HbA1c≤7.0%)。其中非糖尿病组(4%≤HbA1c≤6.0%)28例30眼,高HbA1c组28例29眼和正常HbA1c组26例28眼。运用频域光相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)检查各组患者术前1d,术后1d,1wk,1、3mo时黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CST)、黄斑总容积(CV)和黄斑中心凹脉络膜厚度(SFCT),采用多因素重复测量方差分析其变化,Pearson相关分析探究其与HbA1c值的相关性;同时比较各组患者术后黄斑水肿(PCME)发生率;进一步分析糖尿病患者HbA1c值与术后最佳矫正视力(CDVA)的关联性。结果:非糖尿病组、高HbA1c组和正常HbA1c组患者白内障术后1wk时CST分别为239.03±11.55、254.38±26.44、247.07±19.51μm,术后1mo时CST分别为241.00±11.15、271.55±61.05、248.64±38.28μm(F=3.001,P=0.048);其中高HbA1c值组和正常HbA1c值组比较有差异(P<0.05),且两组患者术后1wk,1mo时HbA1c值与CST之间在P=0.01水平上呈正相关关系(r术后1wk=0.338,r术后1mo=0.297)。三组患者术后发生PCME分别为0例、5眼(17%)和1眼(4%)。非糖尿病组、高HbA1c组和正常HbA1c组患者术后1wk时CDVA分别为0.07±0.06、0.12±0.10、0.09±0.08,术后1mo时CDVA分别为0.03±0.06、0.11±0.15、0.11±0.09,术后3mo时CDVA分别为0.02±0.04、0.08±0.12、0.06±0.06(F=3.272,P=0.045);其中高HbA1c值组和正常HbA1c值组比较无差异(P>0.05),两组患者HbA1c值与术后1wk,1、3mo(r术后1wk=0.425,r术后1mo=0.235,r术后3mo=0.332)CDVA(LogMAR)在P=0.01水平上两者显著相关且呈正相关关系。三组患者白内障术后CV、SFCT的组间变化趋势大致相同,其变化程度的组间无差异。结论:糖尿病患者术前HbA1c水平与超声乳化白内障术后黄斑区视网膜和脉络膜结构有一定的相关性;术前HbA1c>7.0%的患者术后发生黄斑水肿的风险增加。同时,糖尿病患者术前HbA1c水平与白内障术后最佳矫正视力密切相关;术前HbA1c值越高的患者术后视力提高越欠佳。     

Systematic review and Meta-analysis of treating open angle glaucoma with gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy

AIM: To describe the complex, overlapping phenotype of four Chinese patients with inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) who harbored two pathogenic genes simultaneously. METHODS: This retrospective study included 4 patients affected with IRDs. Medical and ophthalmic histories were obtained, and clinical examinations were performed. A specific Hereditary Eye Disease Enrichment Panel (HEDEP) based on exome capture technology was used for genetic screening. RESULTS: Four patients were identified to harbor disease-causing variants in two different genes. Patient RP01-II:1 exhibited both classical ABCA4-induced STGD1 and USH2A-associated RP, patient RP02-III:2 exhibited both classical ABCA4-induced STGD1 and CDH23-associated RP, patient RP03-II:1 exhibited both USH2A-induced arRP syndrome and SNRNP200-induced adRP, and patient RP04- II:2 exhibited USH2A-induced arRP syndrome and EYS-induced arRP at the same time. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that genotype–phenotype correlations and comprehensive genetic screening is crucial for diagnosing IRDs and helping family planning for patients suffering from the disease.     

Temperature independence of piezoelectric properties for high-performance BiFeO3–BaTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics up to 300 °C

The temperature-dependence behaviors of ferroelectric, piezoelectric, k_p and electrical-field-induced strain were carefully evaluated for high-performance BiFeO₃–0.3BaTiO₃ (BF–0.3BT) ceramics. There results indicate, combined with Rayleigh analysis and temperature-dependence XRD and PFM, that the increase of strain and large signal with increasing the temperature from room temperature to 180 °C is related to the joint effect of intrinsic contribution (lattice expansion) and extrinsic contribution (domain switching). With further increasing the temperature to 300 °C, the large signal d₃₃ and electrical-field-induced strain mildly decrease because of the increase of conductivity for BF–0.3BT ceramics. However, different from strain and large signal the small signal d₃₃(E₀) and k_p exhibit excellent temperature stability behavior as the temperature increases from room temperature to 300 °C.

The temperature-dependence behaviors of ferroelectric, piezoelectric, k_p and electrical-field-induced strain were carefully evaluated for high-performance BiFeO₃–0.3BaTiO₃ (BF–0.3BT) ceramics.