Dendritic cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis

The mechanisms by which autoimmune diseases are triggered and by which the activation of autoreactive T cells is initiated and maintained are not yet fully understood. As the most potent antigen presenting cells (APC), and also being responsible for antigen transport as well as primary sensitisation of T cells, dendritic cells (DC) are capable of breaking the state of self-ignorance and inducing aggressive autoreactive T cells. In the development of autoimmune diseases, different types of DC exhibit distinct properties for inducing Th1/Th2 cell responses. Appropriate cytokines can convert immunogenic DC to tolerogenic DC. Utilizing the possibility to promote the tolerogenic effects of DC, a new therapeutic tool might soon become available to treat multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases.     

Calreticulin is transported to the surface of NG108-15 cells where it forms surface patches and is partially degraded in an acidic compartment

Although calreticulin (Crt) is primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), our results using biotinylation and immunocytochemical methods indicate that a small but significant amount of Crt is present and forms large patches on the surface of NG108-15 cells (a mouse neuroblastoma-rat glioma hybrid cell line). (35)S-labelled Crt molecules begin to reach the cell surface after only 10 min of labelling and disappear slowly from the cell surface. After 4 hr of labelling, approximately half of the newly synthesized Crt molecules are on the cell surface. We believe that some Crt molecules may escape from the KDEL receptor-mediated salvage pathway as they are synthesized and proceed through the secretory pathway to the cell surface. Immunoprecipitation from the culture medium shows that Crt is not released from the cell surface to the medium, suggesting tight binding to surface molecules. NH(4)Cl can block the degradation of Crt; therefore, Crt is presumably degraded in the lysosome pathway. However, blockage of the disappearance of surface Crt is less efficient than that of internal Crt. This suggests that the disappearance of Crt from the cell surface may not be due solely to its degradation, but may reflect transport into another cell compartment such as the ER.     

人眼眩光失能测定及其临床意义

目的:观察国产仪器测定眩光失能的性能与规律,并讨论其临床意义。方法:采用MGT—1多功能视觉眩光测试仪(海军医学研究所研制),按规定方法操作。测定正常人30名56眼(矫正视力全部≥1.0,晶体透明,无其他明显眼病),晶体混浊患者15人27眼。测定目标亮度及眩光亮度设置为中—中及弱—中两档分别模拟白天及夜间眩光失能。结果:中—中状态下,眩光失能值正常人均值为9.22%(全距0～31),低于晶体混浊者(24.05%,全距9～67),两者差异显著。正常眼在弱—中状态眩光失能值较中—中状态明显(均值20.12%,全距0～56)。不同频率条件对正常及晶体混浊眼眩光失能的影响不同,低频及中频较高频区的影响明显。结论:作为视功能评论指标,眩光失能检查是一种实用方法。在眼科临床及人体工效学上具有重要的意义。     

2-5A-DNA conjugate inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication: effects of oligonucleotide structure modifications and RNA target site selection.

To define more fully the conditions for 2-5A-antisense inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), relationships between 2-5A antisense oligonucleotide structure and the choice of RNA target sites to inhibition of RSV replication have been explored. The lead 2-5A-antisense chimera for this study was the previously reported NIH8281 that targets the RSV M2 RNA. We have confirmed and extended the earlier study by showing that NIH8281 inhibited RSV strain A2 replication in a variety of antiviral assays, including virus yield reduction assays performed in monkey (EC90 = 0.02 microM) and human cells (EC90 = microM). This 2-5A-antisense chimera also inhibited other A strains, B strains and bovine RSV in cytopathic effect inhibition and Neutral Red Assays (EC50 values = 0.1-1.6 microM). The 2'-O-methylation modification of NIH8281 to increase affinity for the complementary RNA and provide nuclease resistance, the introduction of phosphothioate groups in the antisense backbone to enhance resistance to exo- and endonucleases, and the addition of cholesterol to the 3'-terminus of the antisense oligonucleotide to increase cellular uptake, all resulted in loss of activity. Of the antisense chimeras targeting other RSV mRNAs (NS1, NS2, P, M. G, F, and L), only those complementary to L mRNA were inhibitory. These results suggest that lower abundance mRNAs may be the best targets for 2-5A-antisense; moreover, the active 2-5A antisense chimeras in this study may serve as useful guides for the development of compounds with improved stability, uptake and anti-RSV activity.     

艾灸对大鼠胃溃疡模型的影响

<正> 近年来,胃粘膜的保护作用很受人们关注,这方面的研究也取得了显著的进展本文试图用醋酸烧灼胃粘膜面造成大鼠胃溃疡模型,以此为对象,研究艾灸在保护胃粘膜方面可能存在的作用。     

可溶性血管细胞黏附分子1在妊高征发病中的作用

目的　研究可溶性血管细胞黏附分子 1(solublevascularcelladhesionmolecule - 1,sVCAM - 1)在妊高征发病中的作用。方法　用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)测定 6 7例孕妇血清中sVCAM - 1水平 ,其中正常妊娠组 15例 ,妊高征组 5 2例。结果　中、重度妊高征患者血中sV CAM - 1水平显著高于正常妊娠组 (P <0 .0 1) ;轻度妊高征患者与正常妊娠组相比 ,虽无统计学差异 ,但有升高趋势 ;妊高征组产后该指标下降 ,与正常妊娠组比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。sVCAM - 1浓度与平均动脉压呈正相关 (r =0 .5 4 2 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　妊高征患者血中sVCAM - 1水平升高 ,表明内皮细胞损伤在妊高征的发病中起重要作用。     

正交设计在固天泉胶囊处方研究中的应用

目的：研究固天泉胶囊处方的最佳组成。方法：用正交试验法考察处方抗利尿作用和镇静催眠作用。结果：优选出最佳处方为原处方。结论：正交设计可以用于中医处方的研究。     

神阙穴敷贴对原发性骨质疏松症骨钙素的影响

目的　观察神阙穴贴补血益精透皮贴对原发性骨质疏松症骨钙素 (BGP)的影响。方法　选择原发性骨质疏松症患者130名 ,分神阙穴贴药组 (补血益精穴位透皮贴剂 )、西药组 (羟乙磷酸钠片 )、中药组 (补血益精药丸 )、空白对照组。结果和结论　穴位敷贴组能显著提高骨钙素 (7.69± 1.65 )。穴位敷贴组与中药组 (7.82± 0 .99)和西药对照组 (7.13± 0 .89)对原发性骨质疏松症的骨钙素调整作用基本一致 (P>0 .0 5 )。     

卡尼汀的生物学作用及在血液透析患者中的临床应用

卡尼汀是长链脂肪酸进入线粒体进行氧化所必需的一种物质，其左旋异构体具有生物活性。正常人可通过饮食摄入和肝、肾合成产生卡尼汀，但尿毒症血液透析患者由于肾脏内源性合成卡尼汀减少，血液透析过程中大量清除，大多存在时间依赖性的卡尼汀缺乏。通过静脉注射、口服、透析液补充外源性左旋卡尼汀有利于纠正脂代谢紊乱，减少促红细胞生成素用量，改善骨骼肌症状和营养状态，提高生活质量。     

絮刺火罐疗法治疗颈椎病疗效观察141例

目的　观察絮刺火罐疗法治疗颈椎病的疗效。方法　将患者随机分为两组 ,一组运用传统的颈椎牵引法治疗 ,另一组运用絮刺火罐疗法治疗。结果　治疗 1星期时两组疗效没有明显差异 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ,治疗 2星期后絮刺火罐治疗组疗效优于传统牵引组 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论　絮刺火罐疗法是治疗颈椎病的较好方法