Osteoimmunology in orthodontic tooth movement

The skeletal and immune systems share a multitude of regulatory molecules, including cytokines, receptors, signaling molecules, and signaling transducers, thereby mutually influencing each other. In recent years, several novel insights have been attained that have enhanced our current understanding of the detailed mechanisms of osteoimmunology. In orthodontic tooth movement, immune responses mediated by periodontal tissue under mechanical force induce the generation of inflammatory responses with consequent alveolar bone resorption, and many regulators are involved in this process. In this review, we take a closer look at the cellular/molecular mechanisms and signaling involved in osteoimmunology and at relevant research progress in the context of the field of orthodontic tooth movement.     

综合护理在支气管哮喘中的应用研究

目的 探讨综合护理在支气管哮喘患者中的临床应用.方法 78例支气管哮喘患者随机分为综合护理组和对照组各39例.综合护理组对护理实践中的主要问题进行综合护理干预,对照组则按内科呼吸系统疾病常规护理.结果 综合护理组的症状改善情况、相关知识掌握情况高于常规对照组,哮喘复发率和住院天数综合护理组低于常规对照组.结论 运用综合护理可以系统而科学地解决支气管哮喘患者的护理问题,减少支气管哮喘复发和并发症的发生,提高临床治疗效果,改善患者预后.     

基因强化骨组织工程中的病毒载体

背景:不同的基因输送策略也被应用到骨组织工程中以修复破坏的骨组织,作为最有效率的基因转运载体,病毒载体在骨组织工程中的应用方兴未艾。目的:系统回顾和讨论目前基因强化骨组织工程中常用的病毒载体相关应用。方法:利用PubM ed数据库对2002年1月至2015年1月的相关文献进行了检索,检索的文章主要聚焦在病毒载体基因转导方法和其在骨组织工程中的应用。对腺病毒、反转录病毒、腺相关病毒和嵌合病毒在骨组织工程的相关应用及不足进行了讨论。总共24篇相关文献被纳入此篇综述。结果与结论:总结了近年来病毒载体联合基因治疗促进骨组织再生的研究工作。讨论了包括装载目的基因的病毒载体联合种子细胞例如间充质干细胞植入支架材料修复骨缺损。研究表明,基因强化的骨组织工程比传统组织工程具有更多的优点;病毒载体介导的基因转染效率比普通载体更高;病毒载体介导的基因强化骨组织工程用于人体的安全性仍需要漫长的临床观察研究。病毒载体系统仍然是最有效的将外源基因转入种子细胞的手段之一。     

Evaluation of Intraductal Ultrasonography,Endoscopic Brush Cytology and K-ras,P53 Gene Mutation in the Early Diagnosis of Malignant Bile Duct Stricture

Background:In qualitative diagnosis of bile duct stenosis,single diagnostic measure is difficult to make a correct diagnosis,to combine several diagnostic techniques may be helpful to make an accurate ...     

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the soft tissue of the forearm: report of a case

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy is rare. Only 3 cases have been reported in the soft tissue of the extremities up to date. It has a typically biphasic feature in morphology. Epithelial and melanotic markers are positive in the epitheliod cells and neuron-specific enolase or synaptophysin is positive in the small blue round cells in immunohistochemistry. Radical resection and close follow-up is the treatment strategy in general situation. Here we report one case of MNTI in the upper extremity with review of the literature. This is the first case of MNTI in the forearm.     

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy: a clinical and pathological study of 19 cases in a single institution

Objective: To study the clinical and pathological features of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. Method: The clinical and pathological data of 19 cases of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy were retrieved and reviewed from the medical records in Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. Results: There were 13 boys and 6 girls. The age interval was from 16 days to 7 months, and the average age was 2.71±2.23 months. The blood glucose concentrations ranged from 0.57 to 3.0 mmol/L (average value 1.60±0.75 mmol/L) and the serum insulin concentrations ranged from 3.1 to 79.4 uIU/ml (average value 27.89±21.81 uIU/ml) at the time of one week before operation. The size of lesion was between 2 cm to 6.5 cm in maximum diameter (average value 4.04±1.18 cm). 19 cases were divided into three types according to the pathological classification criteria: focal type (1 case), diffuse type (17 cases) and atypical type (1 case). The enucleation of the nodule was given for the patient of focal type and subtotal pancreatectomy was administrated for diffuse and atypical type patients. The blood glucose concentrations ranged from 3.0 to 12.4 mmol/L (average value 6.21±2.69 mmol/L) at the time of one month after operation. The difference between the preoperative blood glucose concentrations and the postoperative blood glucose concentrations was statistically significant (1.6037±0.7458 mmol/L vs. 6.2105±2.6882 mmol/L, P<0.05). Insulin was positive for the multiple pancreatic islets, and the ki-67 index was between 5% and 8%. P57^kip2 was negative. 19 patients were followed up for a period of 2 to 38 months. 13 cases recovered well without any complications, and 6 cases had postoperative hyperglycemia and need a medication to control the blood glucose concentrations. Conclusion: Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy mainly occurred in infants. Boys had the predominance and the most common pathological type was the diffuse type. The different surgical methods (focal type with lesion enucleation, diffuse and atypical type with subtotal pancreatectomy), were effective for different patients, and most of patients had a good prognosis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to maintain euglycemia remained the mainstay of management to prevent postoperative complications. Therefore, the correct pathological classification could help clinicians to find effective treatment and improve the outcome.