Coculture of vascular endothelial cells and adipose-derived stem cells as a source for bone engineering

The interaction between vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and osteoblasts (OBs) is the focus of this recent research. Vascular endothelial cells secrete bone morphogenetic protein, which promotes OB differentiation and stimulates OBs and their precursor cells to secrete vascular endothelial growth factor. Vascular endothelial growth factor is important in angiogenesis and angiopoiesis. Cloning studies have shown that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have the potential to differentiate into fat, bone, cartilage, and skeletal and smooth muscle cells, among others. Adipose-derived stem cells can express multiple growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor. Our study examined the influence of coculturing VECs and ADSCs on osteogenic differentiation. Cord blood-derived VECs and ADSCs were isolated from rats and characterized with immunofluorescence staining and morphological observation. Coculture of third-generation ADSCs and VECs was induced for 6 weeks. Cell growth was analyzed using a modified MTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) was analyzed using immunofluorescence staining. When ADSCs and VECs were cocultured, the absorbance of cells gradually increased, reaching a peak on day 12. The highest absorbance was seen in a coculture system with a ratio of ADSCs and VECs of 1:1. The secretion of ALP and OC gradually increased in these cells and was significantly higher than controls (P < 0.01). Coculturing of ADSCs and VECs at a 1:1 ratio gave the highest secretion of ALP and OC at every time point, and was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.01). Our results indicated that ADSCs can be induced to osteogenic differentiation by VECs in vitro, suggesting a coculture system of VECs and ADSC as a novel source of cells for bone engineering.     

不同环境对海水浸泡犬复合型颅脑火器伤的影响

目的 探讨陆地与海上不同环境条件对海水浸泡犬复合型颅脑火器伤的影响.方法 成年健康犬30只,制作成复合型颅脑火器伤动物模型(颅脑火器伤+开放性胸部伤+开放性腹部伤+烧伤).动物致伤后随机分为3组,即A组(陆地非海水浸泡)、B组(陆地海水浸泡)和C组(海上海水浸泡),每组10只.采用:Powlab/8sp生理记录仪动态监测体温、呼吸(R)、心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP)的变化,监测血气分析和血电解质变化.结果 C组伤情明显重于A组和B组,表现为生命体征紊乱,呼吸明显加快,循环、体温调节功能障碍,低体温,血浆渗透压升高,高钠、高氯血症,代谢性酸中毒,导致动物生存时间缩短,死亡率增加.结论 海上环境对海水浸泡复合型颅脑火器伤犬的生命体征和生化指标均有明显影响.     

磷酸化ERK在扩张皮肤组织中的分布和表达

目的：观察细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK1／2）在扩张皮肤表皮中的分布情况，探讨皮肤扩张机理。方法：利用免疫组织化学技术ABC法，对人不同扩张区皮肤和正常皮肤磷酸化ERK的分布和表达进行定性测定，并对结果进行图像分析。结果：（1）扩张皮肤和正常皮肤表皮基底层都有磷酸化ERK的表达和分布，但扩张皮肤中的磷酸化ERK的分布和表达较明显，染色较深且密，部分阳性细胞呈多层排列，有散在的增殖闭区；（2）扩张皮肤的顶部和侧部差别不十分明显，而侧部和顶部与基底部有一定的差别，基底部染色较深，多为细胞核着色。（3）经图像分析不同部位的正常皮肤和扩张皮肤以及扩张皮肤的不同部分的相对灰度值和阳性细胞密度，进一步证实了上述观察结果。结论：扩张皮肤表皮细胞磷酸化ERK增加，推测磷酸化ERK可能在扩张皮肤细胞增殖过程中发挥一定的作用，在扩张刺激的作用下，表皮细胞内的ERK被大量激活，随即激活下游分子，进而引起细胞的增殖，最终实现皮肤的扩张。     

下腹部多个真皮下血管网皮瓣在手外伤修复中的应用

目的：应用下腹部多个真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手外伤，方法：在下腹形成以旋髂浅血管为蒂的髂腰部皮瓣及以腹壁浅血管为蒂的下腹部皮瓣，二皮瓣共蒂形成双叶皮瓣，同时将其修薄，形成有轴心血管的真皮下血管网皮瓣，修复两指完全脱套伤。在下腹部形成多个真皮下血管网的任意皮瓣，修复多个指背皮肤缺损伴有肌腱及骨外露的创面。供区如不能直接拉拢缝合，可取断层皮片修复供区创面.结果：本组10例中，8例采用下腹部双叶真皮下血管网轴型皮瓣修复，2例采用下腹部真皮下血管网任意皮瓣修复，术后效果。结论：采用多个真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手外伤的创面，伤指不需并指，去脂，分指，术后外形佳，是目前较理想的修复手外伤的手术方法。     

输精管结扎术用于预防和治疗前列腺增生的实验研究

目的 :探讨输精管及输精管静脉结扎用于预防和治疗良性前列腺增生 (BPH)的可能性及有效率。　方法 :取 5～ 6岁龄雄性杂交犬 4 0只 ,随机分为A、B、C、D 4组 ,每组 10只 ,其中A、B两组喂混合饲料制成BPH模型 ,C、D两组喂普通饲料 ,2年后将A、C两组犬的双侧输精管连同输精管静脉结扎 ,B、D两组犬仅解剖显露输精管 ,但不结扎。继续原方法饲养 2年后将 4 0只犬处死解剖出前列腺称重 ,测量体积 ,然后分组取材制片 ,观察组织学改变。　结果 :A、C两组及B、D两组前列腺重量及体积相比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。A、C两组前列腺组织切片呈退行性变而B、D两组呈增生性改变。　结论 :在BPH前行输精管及输精管静脉结扎可减轻犬在老年期的BPH ;在增生后结扎可使犬前列腺组织发生不同程度的萎缩     

Thermal injury model in the rabbit ear with quantifiable burn progression and hypertrophic scar

Hypertrophic scar is a major clinical outcome of deep‐partial thickness to full thickness thermal burn injury. Appropriate animal models are a limitation to burn research due to the lack of, or access to, animal models which address the endpoint of hypertrophic scar. Lower species, such as rodents, heal mainly by contracture, which limits the duration of study. Higher species, such as pigs, heal more similarly to humans, but are associated with high cost, long duration for scar development, challenges in quantifying scar hypertrophy, and poor manageability. Here, we present a quantifiable deep‐partial thickness burn model in the rabbit ear. Burns were created using a dry‐heated brass rod for 10 and 20 seconds at 90 °C. At the time of eschar excision on day 3, excisional wounds were made on the contralateral ear for comparison. Burn wound progression, in which the wound size expands over time is a major distinction between excisional and thermal injuries, was quantified at 1 hour and 3 days after the injuries using calibrated photographs and histology and the size of the wounds was found to be unchanged from the initial wound size at 1 hour, but 10% in the 20 seconds burn wounds at 3 days. A quantifiable hypertrophic scar, measured by histology as the scar elevation index, was present in both 20 seconds burn wounds and excisional wounds at day 35. ImageJ measurements revealed that the 20 seconds burn wound scars were 22% larger than the excisional wound scars and the 20 seconds burn scar area measurements from histology were 26% greater than in the excisional wound scar. The ability to measure both burn progression and scar hypertrophy over a 35‐day time frame suits this model to screening early intervention burn wound therapeutics or scar treatments in a burn‐specific scar model.     

不同水平蛋白质饮食对大鼠Ⅱ期压疮愈合的影响

目的研究不同水平的蛋白质饮食对大鼠Ⅱ期压疮模型创面愈合的影响。方法将140只大鼠随机分为五组,采用磁铁压迫持续缺血损伤复制大鼠Ⅱ期压疮模型,造模成功后分别给予粗蛋白含量为10%、15%、20%、25%、30%的饮食干预。结果 30%蛋白组因死亡较多(12只死亡)被剔除,20%蛋白组愈合时间最短,15%蛋白组次之,10%蛋白组愈合时间最长,四组均在压疮发生后的前1周愈合最快。结论压疮发生后蛋白供给并非越多越好,应制定个体化蛋白质饮食干预计划,在压疮发生前期肉芽组织增长最快时期补充适量蛋白质对于压疮愈合效果最佳。     

家庭赋权干预对永久性肠造口患者照顾者的影响

目的 探讨家庭赋权干预应用于永久性肠造口患者主要照顾者的效果。 方法 选择永久性肠造口患者及主要照顾者97对作为研究对象,按照患者住院时间分为对照组48对和观察组49对。对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施家庭赋权干预方案。比较两组照顾者干预前后照顾准备程度、照顾负担及心理一致感评分。 结果 干预后,观察组照顾者照顾准备度评分及心理一致感评分显著高于对照组,照顾负担评分显著低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。 结论 家庭赋权干预有利于提高永久性肠造口患者主要照顾者的准备度及心理一致感,对缓解照顾者照顾负担具有积极意义。     

The associations between diode laser (810 nm) therapy and chronic wound healing and pain relief: Light into the chronic wound patient's life

Chronic wounds have become one of the major issues in medicine today, the treatments for which include dressing changes, negative pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric oxygen, light irradiation, surgery and so forth. Nevertheless, the application of diode lasers in chronic wounds has rarely been reported. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of diode laser (810 nm) irradiation on chronic wounds. Eighty-nine patients were enrolled in the study. The control group (41 patients) received traditional dressing change therapy, while the diode laser treatment group (48 patients) were patients received additional treatment with diode laser (810 nm) irradiation for 10 min at each dressing change. Wound healing time was compared between two groups, while the pain relief index was creatively introduced to evaluate the effect of relieving wound pain, which was calculated by the difference in pain scores between the first and last dressing changes divided by the number of treatment days. The wound healing time of the diode laser treatment group was 22.71 ± 8.99 days, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group (37.44 ± 23.42 days). The pain relief index of the diode laser treatment group was 0.081 ± 0.055, which was significantly increased compared with that of the control group (0.057 ± 0.033). Our findings suggest that diode laser irradiation has the potential to promote healing in chronic wounds and relieve wound pain.     

单位毛囊和单株毛囊移植修复发际缺陷

目的探索毛发移植技术修复发际线轮廓缺陷的应用效果。方法术前仔细设计发际线和计算所需移植毛发的数量。切取枕后带发皮片,在4～5倍放大镜下精细分割,制备成不同粗细的单株毛囊和单位毛囊。根据受区毛发的走行及自然生长方向,用1．5mm蓝宝石裂隙刀制备微小裂隙,将制备好的单株毛囊和单位毛囊间隔插入裂隙。结果临床随访6个月显示,发际处移植毛发生长良好,与原有毛发融为一体,成活率达到95％。403名发际缺陷患者中有361例对美容效果表示满意,但是仍有部分颞额角脱发明显和瘢痕严重的患者需要二期加密手术。结论用单株毛囊和单位毛囊移植技术改善发际线缺陷,对毛囊分离技术的要求较高,手术设计合理,术后恢复迅速,外观自然、逼真,是较理想的治疗手段。