川西合耳菊中1个新的艾里莫芬烷倍半萜

目的 研究川西合耳菊Synotis solidaginea的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、聚酰胺、反相C₁₈柱色谱及制备高效液相色谱等技术进行分离纯化;根据波谱数据和文献对比进行化合物结构鉴定。结果 从川西合耳菊的醋酸乙酯萃取部位共分离得到18个化合物,分别鉴定为 (2R,4S,5R,8R,10S)-2-angeloyloxy-8,10-dihydroxy-eremophil-7(11)-en-8,12-olide（1）、(1R,4S,5S, 6S,8R,10S)-1,10-epoxy-6,8-dihydroxy-eremophil-7(11)-en-8,12-olide（2）、(4S,5R,8S,10S)-8,10-dihydroxy-eremophil-7(11)-en- 8,12-olide（3）、(4S,5R,8R,10S)-10-hydroxy-eremophil-7(11)-en-8,12-olide（4）、橐吾内酯（5）、4,5-O-二咖啡酰奎宁酸甲酯（6）、异绿原酸C（7）、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸甲酯（8）、异绿原酸A（9）、1,4-O-二咖啡酰奎宁酸甲酯（10）、绿原酸（11）、咖啡酰苹果酸（12）、咖啡酸甲酯（13）、反式咖啡酸（14）、山柰酚-3-O-(6''-O-乙酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（15）、紫云英苷（16）、2-苯乙基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（17）、桦褐孔菌二糖（18）。结论 化合物1为新的艾里莫芬烷倍半萜类化合物,命名为川西合耳菊内酯A;化合物2、4、5、10、12、13、15、17、18为首次从合耳菊属中分离得到。     

分期辨证针灸治疗周围性面神经炎60例

目的 :观察分期辨证针灸治疗急性周围性面神经炎的疗效。方法 :将 10 0例患者随机分为观察组 (6 0例 )和对照组 (40例 )。观察组根据患者发病的不同时期、不同证型分别采用拔罐、刺络拔罐、针刺、氦氖激光、艾灸等不同治疗方法 ,对照组采用针刺加神灯照射 ,两组均治疗 2 0次后观察疗效。结果 :观察组痊愈 4 2例 ,显效 14例 ,有效 4例 ,无效 0例 ;对照组痊愈 2 5例 ,显效 9例 ,有效 6例 ,无效 0例。两组疗效比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :分期辨证针灸治疗急性周围性面神经炎的疗效优于常规针灸治疗的疗效。     

化瘀通淋方治疗慢性前列腺炎临床研究

目的:探讨化瘀通淋方治疗慢性前列腺炎的疗效.方法:治疗组41例,服用化瘀通淋方;对照组30例,用氟哌酸、前列安栓治疗,疗程为1个月,对其疗效进行观察分析.结果:治疗组痊愈2例(4.9%),显效8例(19.5%),有效24例(58.5%),总显效率为24.4%,总有效率为82.9%.对照组痊愈1例(3.3%),显效5例(16.7%),有效14例(46.7%),总显效率为20%,总有效率为66.7%.两组总有效率比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:化瘀通淋方是治疗慢性前列腺炎的有效方剂.     

动态CT增强对结节样肺癌与结节样肺炎的鉴别诊断价值

目的研究动态CT增强扫描对结节样肺癌与结节样肺炎的定性价值。方法随机选择83例SPN患者,先行薄层（3．0-5．0mm）平扫,再静脉注射对比剂（优维显）100mL后,对选定的结节中心行动态CT增强扫描,测量其增强前后的CT值,并对其中47例行三维表面重建。结果肺炎性结节以重度强化为主,净增值〉60HU,动态曲线呈持续上升型;肺癌性结节以轻。中度强化为主,净增值为20-60HU,动态曲线呈缓慢持续升高型;三维重建成像显示：恶性结节以Ⅰ、Ⅱ型血管异常为主;良性结节以Ⅳ型血管异常为主。结论动态CT增强扫描中追加三维重建对孤立结节的鉴别诊断有较高价值。     

老年重症胆源性胰腺炎的治疗体会

目的 探讨老年胆源性胰腺炎的临床特点及治疗。方法 观察老年胆源性胰腺炎18例,全部病例均采用手术治疗,其中24h内手术者16例,72h内手术2例,全部病例均行胆囊切除,胆总管引流。结果 12例术后预期治愈;1例合并应激性溃疡,经保守治疗痊愈,1例发生胸腔积液,抗感染治疗后痊愈;2例死亡,1例死于多脏器脏功能衰竭,1例死于胰腺坏死,继发感染。结论 老年胆源性胰腺炎,手术方式尽量从简,以切除病变胆囊,解除梗阻为主,注重并发症的治疗。     

Imeglimin population pharmacokinetics and dose adjustment predictions for renal impairment in Japanese and Western patients with type 2 diabetes

Imeglimin is an orally administered first‐in‐class drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is mainly excreted unchanged by the kidneys. The present study aimed to define the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of imeglimin using population PK analysis and to determine the optimal dosing regimen for Japanese patients with T2DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Imeglimin plasma concentrations in Japanese and Western healthy volunteers, and patients with T2DM, including patients with mild to severe CKD with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 14 ml/min/1.73 m² were included in a population PK analysis. PK simulations were conducted using a population PK model, and the area under concentration‐time curve (AUC) was extrapolated with power regression analysis to lower eGFR. The influence of eGFR, weight, and age on apparent clearance and of dose on relative bioavailability were quantified by population PK analysis. Simulations and extrapolation revealed that the recommended dosing regimen based on the AUC was 500 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) for patients with eGFR 15–45 ml/min/1.73 m², and 500 mg with a longer dosing interval was suggested for those with eGFR less than 15. Simulations revealed that differences in plasma AUCs between Japanese and Western patients at the same dose were mainly driven by a difference in the eGFR and that the plasma AUC after 1000 and 1500 mg b.i.d. in Japanese and Western patients, respectively, was comparable in the phase IIb studies. These results indicate suitable dosages of imeglimin in the clinical setting of T2DM with renal impairment.

Study Highlights

• WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC?

Imeglimin is a first‐in‐class oral agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and is excreted unchanged into urine. A Japanese phase IIb study found that 1000 mg b.i.d. was optimal in Japanese population, and phase III studies confirmed significant glucose lowering effect. A Western phase IIb study found an optimal dose of 1500 mg b.i.d.

• WHAT QUESTION DID THIS STUDY ADDRESS?

This study addressed the key determinants of imeglimin pharmacokinetics (PKs), recommended doses for patients with renal impairment, and what drives the different optimal doses between Japanese and Western patients with T2DM.

• WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD TO OUR KNOWLEDGE?

Renal function significantly impacts imeglimin PKs. Recommended doses for patients with renal impairment have been proposed for exposure matching. Differences in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) comprised the key driver for different optimal doses at which estimated exposures were similar between Japanese and Western patients.

• HOW MIGHT THIS CHANGE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OR TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE?

Doses of imeglimin could be reduced based on eGFR. Exposure responses seemed similar between Japanese and Western patients.     

胃炎康胶囊对慢性胃病患者胃窦D细胞的影响

目的：观察胃炎康胶囊对慢性胃病患生长抑素内分泌细胞(胃窦D细胞)的影响。方法：用免疫组化酶链亲合素过氧化酶复合技术(SABC)对患治疗前后胃黏膜组织的D细胞染色,观察治疗前后D细胞的形态和数量变化。结果：经胃炎康胶囊治疗后,患胃窦黏膜D细胞阳性数及强阳性率均明显下降,差异有显性。结论：胃炎康胶囊对慢性胃病患生长抑素D细胞有调整作用。     

土木香内酯抗病毒作用的体内外研究

目的 探索土木香内酯体内外的抗病毒作用,并基于Ⅰ型干扰素(type Ⅰ interferon,IFN-Ⅰ)通路探究其抗病毒作用机制。方法 CCK-8法检测土木香内酯对A549细胞活力的影响;利用表达绿色荧光蛋白的水疱性口炎病毒(vesicular stomatitis virus expressing green fluorescent protein,VSV-GFP)感染细胞模型,结合流式细胞术检测土木香内酯对病毒复制的影响;qRT-PCR检测土木香内酯对甲型流感病毒(influenza A virus,H1N1)、脑心肌炎病毒(encephalomyocarditis virus,EMCV)复制的影响;Western blotting检测土木香内酯对VSV病毒G蛋白和H1N1病毒NP蛋白表达的影响;利用生物信息学初步分析土木香内酯的抗病毒分子机制;qRT-PCR检测药物处理后干扰素α1(interferon α1,Ifna1)、干扰素β1(interferon β1,Ifnb1)、干扰素诱导蛋白1(interferon-induced protein with tetratrico...     

一测多评法测定大花龙胆中环烯醚萜类和黄酮类成分的含量

目的 拟用一测多评法同时测定大花龙胆Gentiana szechenyii中的环烯醚萜类成分和黄酮类成分的含量,并验证该方法在大花龙胆质量评价应用中的可行性和适用性。方法 采用HPLC,以大花龙胆药材中2个典型成分大花龙胆苷A、异荭草苷为内参物,测定其与马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苷、乌奴龙胆苷D、平龙胆酯苷、异金雀花素-2″-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷、异金雀花素的相对校正因子,并用该相对校正因子计算其他几种成分的含量,实现一测多评;采用外标法测定药材中这8种成分的含量,并比较两者差异,以验证一测多评法的准确性和可行性;同时对不同产地药材质量进行评价。结果 以大花龙胆苷A为内参物,马钱苷酸、獐芽菜苷、乌奴龙胆苷D、平龙胆酯苷的相对校正因子分别为1.901、0.994、0.974、1.398;以异荭草苷为内参物,异金雀花素-2″-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷、异金雀花素的相对校正因子分别为1.511、0.969。各相对校正因子重复性良好。一测多评法与外标法对24批大花龙胆中8个成分含量的测定结果无显著差异。结论 所建立的一测多评法结果准确、可靠、重复性好,可为大花龙胆多指标质量评价提供参考。     

薄层扫描法测定肝豆灵片中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的:测定肝豆灵片中盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法:薄层扫描法,展开剂:苯-醋酸乙酯-异丙醇-甲醇-浓氨水(12∶6∶3∶3∶1),检测波长365 nm。结果:盐酸小檗碱在0.20~1.00μg/m l范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 9,平均回收率97.32%,RSD=1.5%。结论:本方法操作快速,简单,准确,可作为肝豆灵片中盐酸小檗碱的定量分析方法。