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1.
Maite Cruz Piqueras Ainhoa Rodríguez García de Cortazar Joaquín Hortal Carmona Javier Padilla Bernáldez 《Gaceta sanitaria / S.E.S.P.A.S》2019,33(1)
Objective
To analyse and understand vaccination hesitancy discourses, particularly those of people who have decided not to vaccinate their sons and daughters.Methods
Qualitative study of five individual interviews and two focus groups with people who chose not to vaccinate their children in the province of Granada (Spain).Results
Mothers and fathers manifest a system of health beliefs different to the biomedical paradigm. From an ethical point of view, they justify their position based on the right to autonomy and responsibility for their decisions. Alleged specific reasons: they doubt administration of several vaccines simultaneously at an early age in a systematic way and without individualising each case; they fear adverse effects and do not understand the variations of the vaccination schedule.Conclusions
These vaccination hesitancy discourses respond to the individual vs collective conflict; parents defend their right to bring up their children without any interference from the state and focus their responsibility on the individual welfare of their sons and daughters, regardless of the consequences that their actions might have on the collective. In their management of risks, they consider those derived from vaccination more relevant than the individual or collective consequences of not doing so. The vaccines generating most doubts are the more controversial ones within the scientific world. Transparency in communication of adverse effects; authorities respect for other health/disease concepts; banishment of the term “anti-vaccines” from the media and scientific vocabulary, and developing spaces for dialogue are bridges to be built. 相似文献2.
María Cabrerizo Gloria Trallero María José Pena Amaia Cilla Gregoria Megias Carmen Mu?oz-Almagro Eva Del Amo Diana Roda Ana Isabel Mensalvas Antonio Moreno-Docón Juan García-Costa Nuria Rabella Manuel Ome?aca María Pilar Romero Sara Sanbonmatsu-Gámez Mercedes Pérez-Ruiz María José Santos-Mu?oz Cristina Calvo And the study group of “Enterovirus parechovirus infections in children under ?years-old Spain” PI- 《European journal of pediatrics》2015,174(11):1511-1516
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J I?igo A Arce E Rodríguez D García de Viedma E Palenque M J Ruiz Serrano L Cabello F Chaves 《The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease》2006,10(5):550-553
SETTING: Tuberculosis (TB) cases reported from nine districts of Madrid, where the percentage of immigrant population varied from 1.9% in 1996 to 12.2% in 2003. OBJECTIVE: To describe the trends in TB incidence from 1994 to 2003. DESIGN: Observational study. RESULTS: Between 1994-1995 and 2002-2003, the TB rate decreased from 48.5 (95% CI 45.8-51.1) to 23.3 per 100000 population (95% CI 21.5-25.1) (P < 0.001). The percentage of TB cases co-infected with HIV decreased from 55.9% in 1994 to 14.3% in 2003 (P < 0.001), whereas TB cases in foreigners increased from 2.6% in 1994 to 33.7% in 2003 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Although the TB rates showed a marked decrease in the study period, the increasing impact of immigration contributed to slowing down the trend. 相似文献
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M. A. García-Pérez C. Climent P. Briones M. A. Vilaseca M. Rodés V. Rubio 《Journal of inherited metabolic disease》1997,20(6):769-777
Mutations P225L and P225R were identified in codon 225 of the gene for ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) in two patients with the neonatal form of OTC deficiency. The mutations occur at a CpG dinucleotide and eliminate a unique MspI restriction site in exon 7 of the OTC gene. They do not alter existing splice sites or create new sites, as judged from the nucleotide sequence. Both mutations are associated with undetectable levels of OTC antigen in liver homogenates, and with either complete lack of OTC activity (P225R mutation) or very small residual activity (0.15% of normal in the P225L mutation). The residual activity observed with P225L exhibits normal pH dependence, little or no increases in the Km values for ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate and normal stability at either 37°C or, in the presence of 0.66 mol/L urea, at 0°C. The latter conditions were used to examine whether the P225L mutation favours dissociation of the active OTC trimer. Given the normal stability and lack of tendency to dissociation of the mutant enzyme, it appears likely that the dramatic reduction in the level of OTC protein is due to inefficient conversion of the mutant OTC precursor polypeptide (pOTC) into the correctly localized, appropriately folded, mature enzyme trimer, suggesting degradation of pOTC in transit to the mitochondria. 相似文献
7.
The study concerned the effects of acute and chronic clomipramine administration to male rats on exploratory activity in a novel environment (hole-board) and on immobility in the forced swimming test. Acute clomipramine administration did not alter either exploratory activity on a hole-board as measured 3 or 20 h after drug administration, or immobility in the forced swimming test as measured 20 h after drug administration. Approximately 20 h after the last injection of clomipramine, the rats chronically treated with the drug showed reduced exploratory activity on the hole-board. In contrast, chronic clomipramine treatment significantly increased the activity in the forced swimming test. The effects of the drug on exploratory and forced swimming activities persisted for 14 days after the cessation of clomipramine administration. These data indicate that chronic clomipramine administration exerted profound and long-lasting effects on central nervous system function. The long-lasting action of the drug on behaviour in the forced swimming test might explain the long-term beneficial effect of antidepressant drugs in counteracting behavioral depression. 相似文献
8.
D Mezzano G E del Pino M Montesinos M E García E Aranda A Foradori 《Thrombosis and haemostasis》1991,66(2):254-258
Thrombocytopenia was induced in mongrel dogs by two mechanisms: immunologically, by intravenous injection of heterologous antiplatelet antibody, and non-immunologically, by circulating the blood through glass beads in anesthetized animals. The platelet content of 5-HT was monitored before and during the recovery of the blood platelet counts. This period is associated with the normalization of the mean platelet survival time and with a progressive increase in the mean age of the circulating platelet population. A continuous increment in platelet 5-HT closely followed the increase in platelet counts in both models of thrombocytopenia, and a strong correlation was found between the platelet age and 5-HT content. These findings support the concept that platelets accumulate 5-HT during their physiological aging process, contradicting the notion that a negative balance in 5-HT content results at the end of their physiological lifespan in circulation. These results are not in conflict with the concept that circulating platelets release and re-uptake 5-HT. 相似文献
9.
E García-Gómez S Vaca A Pérez-Méndez J Ibarra-Caballero V Pérez-Márquez V R Tenorio E Negrete-Abascal 《Avian pathology》2005,34(5):426-429
Gallibacterium anatis (previously named Pasteurella haemolytica-like) is considered a normal inhabitant of genital and upper respiratory tracts of healthy chickens, but it is also associated with different pathological conditions. Secreted metalloproteases from field and reference G. anatis cultures were obtained by methanol precipitation and were characterized. Proteins of molecular mass higher than 100 kDa showing proteolytic activity were observed in 10% polyacrylamide gels copolymerized with 1% bovine casein. They were active at alkaline pH, and inhibited by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. Their activity was stable at 50 degrees C, but partially inhibited at 60 degrees C, and totally inhibited at higher temperatures. Secreted proteins were able to degrade chicken IgG after 24 h of incubation, and cross-reacted with a polyclonal antibody against purified protease from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Secreted metalloproteases could play a role in infections caused by G. anatis. 相似文献
10.