性分化与性发育异常13例分析

目的:探讨性分化和发育异常的临床特点,并对腹腔镜在治疗中的应用进行评价。方法:对我院13例行腹腔镜切除性腺的性分化和发育异常病例资料进行分析。结果:13例均为女性外阴,含有Y染色体或Y的成分,性腺位于腹腔内或腹股沟内,4例为条索状原始性腺,9例为睾丸。3例有始基子宫和输卵管。性激素水平符合绝经期表现。11例经腹腔镜完成手术,2例转传统手术,手术后1~2天出院。结论:含有Y染色体或Y成分的性腺位于腹腔或腹股沟内并且丧失正常功能,是手术切除的指征,腹腔镜手术具有微创和术后恢复快的优势。     

Immunoregulative Mechanism of the Leydig Cell in the Infection by Expression of IL-1,IL-6,TGF-β, Fas and FasL mRNA

Objective To investigate the immune regulative mechanism of Leydig cells in the localinfection of rat's testis.Methods Ureaplasma Urealyticum(UU) was injected into rat's bladder, which mimicked an ascending infectious way, and at the same time culture medium was injected into rat's bladder as the control. The rats were sacrificed at week 1, 2 and 3 after injection respectively. Then pathological changes in testis were analyzed by histological examination. At the same time Leydig cells were separated from rat's testis, The comparasion of levels of IL-1,IL-6, TGF-β, Fas and FasL mRNA expression among the three groups was made by RT-PCR.Results As compared with control group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TGF-β mRNA expression for UU supernatant and living UU groups increased; and levels of Fas and FasL mRNA expression decreased and increased respectively after UU infection.Conclusion During anti-infective immunity, rat's Leydig cells may regulate immune function of the testis by changing the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TGF-β, Fas and FasL mRNA expression and may contribute to maintain immune privilege of the testis.     

Inhibitory Effect of Dexamethasone on TGF-β1 Expression of Rabbit Ciliary Pigment Epithelia Cultured in Vitro

In order to elucidate the effect of dexamethasone on the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) in ciliary pigment epithelial (CPE) cells cultured in vitro, rabbit CPE cells were cultured in vitro, treated with DMEM medium containing 0,1×10-8 , 5×10-8 , 10 × 10-8 and 50×10-8 mol/L dexamethasone respectively for 5 days. The TGF-β1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry Supervision methods and analyzed semi-quantitatively by HMIAS-2000 image system. As opposed to in vivo, rabbit CPE cells expressed TGF-β1 under cultured circumstance in vitro. The gray scales of the positive yellow staining in the groups of 1×10-8, 5×10-8, 10×10-8 and 50× 10-8 mol/L dexamethasone were 136. 57±4.43, 140. 20±6.10, 142.98±2. 99, 146. 80± 1.68 and 150. 05± 1.94 respectively. When the concentrations of dexamethasone were equal to or higher than 5×10-8 mol/L and, the expression of TGF-β1 was inhibited. 10-7 mol/L dexamethasone showed a significant inhibition. It was suggested that CPE cells possess the potential ability of synthesizing and expressing TGF-β1. The inhibition of TGF-β1 expression by dexamethasone may be beneficial to the treatment of proliferative vitroretinopathy, also exert some influence on the secretion of aqueous humor and ciliary inflammation.     

新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征和基因突变

新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(BDS)主要由于缺乏肺表面活性物质引起,表面活性物质由磷脂和蛋白构成,其中蛋白包括SP-A、B、C、D.目前发现SP-B、C和相关蛋白ATP结合盒转运蛋白A3的异常与RDS的发生有关,导致足月或近足月儿发生类似RDS的病变.而SP-A、D和其他相关蛋白与BDS的关系尚需进一步研究.探究RDS和基因突变的关系,有助于产前检测和产后治疗RDS患儿,研究和发展更积极的RDS治疗策略.     

紫外分光光度法测定黄芩苷脂质体的包封率与渗漏率

目的测定黄芩苷脂质体的包封率与渗漏率。方法采用Sephadex G-50凝胶柱分离游离药物，紫外分光光度法测定黄芩苷脂质体的含量。结果黄芩苷线性范围4～20 μg·mL^-1，r＝0.999 4，加样回收率98.83%，RSD＝2.26%。结论该方法简便易行，准确性高，可用于测定脂质体的包封率与渗漏率。     

食管癌和贲门癌患者胸内食管胃分层吻合术的治疗体会

目的评价胸内食管黏膜延长不同平面与胃、食管分层吻合术,探讨预防食管吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生的吻合方法。方法回顾性总结1985年5月-2002年12月共进行胸腔内食管黏膜延长不同平面与胃、食管分层吻合术2 240例,统计手术后和出院后随访资料发生吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的情况。结果所有手术病例均未发生吻合口瘘和吻合口严重狭窄。结论食管、胃黏膜延长不同平面分层吻合术是预防吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的有效吻合方法。     

盐酸氨溴索口腔崩解片的制备及质量评价

目的:制备盐酸氨溴索口腔崩解片并对其进行质量评价。方法:以甘露醇为主要辅料制备口腔崩解片,采用分光光度法测定氨溴索含量,并对崩解时限、口感、溶出度进行考查、测定。结果:最佳处方为微晶纤维素50g、甘露醇20g、羟丙基纤维素10g、碳酸氢钠2g;氨溴索检测浓度线性范围为0.005~0.030mg/ml(r=0.9999),平均回收率为100.50%,平均RSD=0.71;成品在30s内崩解完全。结论:该制剂具有快速崩解作用,并与市售片等效。     

NO-1886降低脂负荷新西兰兔血清甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸

目的观察NO1886(ibrolipim)对脂肪餐后血脂水平的影响。方法将25只♂新西兰兔随机分为5组正常对照组、脂负荷组、脂负荷+NO1886(05g·kg-1)组、脂负荷+NO1886(10g·kg-1)组、脂负荷+NO1886(15g·kg-1)组;分别在给予20%脂肪乳和相应剂量NO1886前后第1、2、4、6、8、24h从兔耳缘静脉采血,离心收集血清,测定血清甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸。结果NO1886能有效地降低脂负荷后新西兰兔血清甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸水平,呈剂量依赖性,并能使游离脂肪酸恢复到正常。结论NO1886具有调节脂肪餐后血脂水平的作用。     

4种给药方案治疗良性前列腺增生症的成本—效果分析

目的:探讨4种口服给药方案治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)所产生的成本-效果比.方法:选择我院门诊轻中度良性前列腺增生患者168例,随机分为4组,分别给予非那雄胺(A纽)、坦索罗辛(B组)、坦索罗辛多沙唑嗪加非那雄胺(C组)、普适泰(D组),运用药物经济学方法进行分析.结果:在成本相当的前提下,C组方案有效率最高.结论:坦索罗辛多沙唑嗪 非那雄胺治疗BPH不仅疗效好,可降低患者需要手术的危险性,而且可降低急性尿潴留发生率.     

医学课程案例教学方法教学评价体系探析

案例教学方法在我国已经受到普遍重视,并对高校教学改革和发展起到很大的促进作用,但是,目前的各种教学评价手段均不完全适用于案例教学方法的评价,严重阻碍了案例教学方法的推广应用.本文结合徐州医学院开展案例教学试点课程的实践,同步探索案例教学方法教学评价体系的建构,以期有效监控和保障案例教学的质量,并为进一步开展案例教学提供科学评估和指导.