DWI及常规MR在新生儿高胆红素血症及胆红素脑病诊断中的应用

目的 探讨DWI及常规MR在新生儿高胆红素血症及胆红素脑病诊断中的应用.方法 分析19例新生儿高胆红素血症及13例新生儿胆红素脑病患儿和8例健康新生儿(对照组)DWI及常规MR检查资料.结果 新生儿胆红素脑病常规MR表现:T1加权像可见苍白球对称性高信号,T2加权像可见苍白球呈等信号,13例病人中12例有此项MR表现,另外有6例新生儿胆红素脑病患儿底丘脑在T1加权像呈高信号,T2加权像呈等信号.13例新生儿胆红素脑病患儿苍白球及底丘脑DWI及ADC图信号均未见异常.19例高胆红素血症患儿苍白球及底丘脑T1加权像、T2加权像及DWI信号均未见异常.新生儿胆红素脑病组基底节区和丘脑ADC值较对照组和高胆红素血症组相比均稍微升高,但是3组差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 常规磁共振检查对从新生儿高胆红素血症患儿中早期发现新生儿胆红素脑病患儿并对新生儿胆红素脑病早期诊断可提供有益的帮助.DWI对于新生儿胆红素脑病患儿的早期诊断没有意义.     

老年高血压病左室肥厚、室性心律失常和心率变化的关系探讨

目的　探讨老年高血压病左室肥厚（ＬＶＨ）、室性心律失常和心率变化的关系。方法　选择老年高血压病７６ 例（伴ＬＶＨ３６ 例,无ＬＶＨ４０ 例）进行２４ｈ 动态心电图监测。结果　ＬＶＨ 组室性早搏、室早的Ｌｏｗ ｎ 级别、室性心动过速发生率、平均心率均明显高于无左室肥厚组。同时还发现,高血压病患者室早Ｌｏｗ ｎ 级别和Ｒｃｍ ５＋ Ｓｃｍ １ 之和呈正相关,和最高心率与最低心率之差呈明显负相关。结论　老年高血压病ＬＶＨ 者易发生恶性心率失常,低心率变化与恶性心律失常密切相关。临床诊治高血压时应加强对心率的重视。     

从生物学角度探讨刺五加资源破坏原因及保护对策

本文从生物学角度论述导致野生刺五加资源减少的原因,主要为有性繁殖能力弱,叶、根、根茎的不合理采集破坏无性繁殖。结合刺五加生产实际情况,提出加强规模化野生抚育及半野生栽培和科学采收是保护野生资源的重要手段。     

四臣止咳颗粒对咳嗽变异性哮喘大鼠的干预作用研究

目的：初步探究四臣止咳颗粒对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)大鼠气道炎症的干预作用。方法：大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松(0.5 mg/kg)组、四臣止咳颗粒低、中、高(1.8、3.6、7.2 g生药/kg)剂量组。除正常组外,其余各组于实验第1、8天腹腔注射卵蛋白、氢氧化铝混合液;于第15天开始给予1%卵蛋白溶液雾化激发构建大鼠CVA模型,同时开始给药干预,持续2周。实验结束,检测大鼠肺功能;酶联免疫吸附试验法检测大鼠免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、大鼠嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)含量及肺泡灌洗液白细胞介素(IL);肺组织切片苏木精-伊红(HE)染色;蛋白质免疫印迹法检测肺组织Toll样受体4(TLR4)/核因子κB(NF-κB)p65表达水平。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠阻力(RI)升高,动态肺顺应性(Cdyn)降低;血清免疫球蛋白E(IgE)和大鼠嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)水平升高;肺泡灌洗液大鼠γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平降低大鼠白细胞介素4(IL-4)和大鼠白细胞介素13(IL-13)水平升高;HE病理评分升高;肺组织TLR4、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平升高,差异有统计学...     

Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography at a tertiary hospital in Anhui,China and secondary analysis of trial data

Objective:Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) partly reduces cancer-specific mortality. However, few data have described this specific population for screening in mainland China. Here, we conducted a population-based screening program in Anhui, China.Methods:9084 individuals were participating in the screening program for lung cancer in Anhui province from 1 June 2014 to 31 May 2017. LDCT was offered to all participants who joined the program.Results:Of 9084 individuals undergoing LDCT, we detected 54 lung cancers (0.594%). The age with the highest rate was 61–65 years (up to 1.016%), followed by 56–60 (0.784%). Most patients (98.1%, 53/54) were in stage I–II (early stage), and only one was in stage III (advanced stage). Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer accounted for 57.4% (31/54), 37% (20/54) and 5.6% (3/54) of the individuals, respectively. Notably, There were 4,102 never smokers in our study. The median age was 63 years. Males and females accounted for 53.4 and 46.6%, respectively. Among the 4102 never smokers, 96 participants had a positive family cancer history. Additionally, we detected 20 lung cancers (0.488%), slightly lower than the whole rate 0.594%. Finally, our data showed that age, smoking, family cancer history and features of nodules were risk factors for lung cancer.Conclusion:Our study qualified the efficiency of LDCT to detect early-stage lung cancers in Anhui, China. Further establishment of appropriate lung cancer screening methods specifically for individuals in China is warranted.Advances in knowledge:We evaluated the performance of lung cancer screening for asymptomatic populations using LDCT in Anhui, an eastern inland province of China. Our study qualified the efficiency of LDCT to detect early-stage lung cancers in Anhui, China.     

Hierarchically ordered macro–mesoporous anatase TiO2 prepared by pearl oyster shell and triblock copolymer dual templates for high photocatalytic activity

Hierarchically ordered macro–mesoporous anatase TiO₂ is prepared by combining the supramolecular-templating self-assembly of amphiphilic triblock copolymer P123 with a natural pearl oyster shell in a hard-templating process by a facile sol–gel reaction. The obtained materials are characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption–desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that all TiO₂ materials obtained after calcination at various temperatures are in the anatase phase, and interestingly the resultant ordered structure of both macropores and mesopores are well-preserved after calcination at 350 °C or 450 °C, with the walls of macropores composed of ordered mesopores. However, upon calcination at 550 °C or 650 °C, while the ordered macroporous structures remain well-preserved, the mesoporous structures collapse. The photocatalytic activities of the resulting TiO₂ materials are also evaluated by photodegradation of rhodamine B under UV light irradiation. The prepared TiO₂ calcined at 450 °C shows the highest photocatalytic activity.

Hierarchically ordered macro–mesoporous anatase TiO₂ with photocatalytic activity was prepared using triblock copolymer P123 and natural pearl oyster shell as dual templates.     

Studying neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy with conventional MRI,MRS, and DWI

Introduction  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy. Methods  We collected conventional MRI in 24 neonates with neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy. We performed ¹H-MRS and DWI sequences to nine of the 24 patients and seven age-matched healthy control subjects. Multiple-voxel ¹H-MRS data were acquired using PRESS pulse sequence with TE = 135 ms and TR = 1500 ms. The spectroscopic regions of interest were the bilateral basal ganglia and thalamus with a 1.0 mL spatial resolution. The data from DWI were collected by using a single shot-spin echo-echo planar imaging sequence with TR/TE: 2900/98, and imaging regions were also focused on the bilateral basal ganglia and thalamus. Results  Nineteen of the 24 patients had abnormal T₁-weighted image hyperintensity in the globus pallidus, but these lesions appeared as normal T₂-weighted image intensity in the same region. Ten of the 24 patients had T₁-weighted image high signal intensity in the subthalamic nucleus and appeared as normal intensity in the region for the T₂-weighted images. The peak area ratios of NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr were significantly decreased (t-test, P < 0.05) in the patients compared to the controls in the basal ganglia. Conclusion  Conventional MR imaging and ¹H-MRS are important complementary tools in the diagnosis of neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy. The study provides important information for applying these MR modalities to evaluate neonates with bilirubin encephalopathy.     

Clinical significance of combined detection of interleukin-6 and tumour markers in lung cancer

Tumour markers play an important role in the early diagnosis and guidance of prognosis of lung cancer. This study focused on the significance of combined monitoring of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour markers in improving the specificity and sensitivity of lung cancer diagnosis and disease. The expression of IL-6, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) in serum of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n?=?138) was significantly higher compared to patients with benign pulmonary lesions (BPL) (n?=?60) and was associated with the clinicopathological features of NSCLC patients. The simultaneous increase in the expression of IL-6 and tumour markers worsened the prognosis of patients. Lung cancer cells were grouped into the blank control group, IL-6 group, niclosamide group (IL-6 pathway inhibitor, NIC) and IL-6?+?NIC group. The expression of CEA, NSE, CYFRA21-1, p-Erk1/2 and p-AKT in the IL-6 group was significantly higher compared to the other groups. Therefore, the combined detection of IL-6 and tumour markers is critical to improve the specificity and sensitivity of lung cancer diagnosis. This in-depth study not only helped to elucidate the mechanism of how IL-6 promotes lung cancer but also provided new ideas and entry points to resolve the low specificity and sensitivity of lung cancer-related tumour markers.