电子文献数据库收录期刊的质量瑕疵及对策

以限题检索为手段，以收录期刊所裁论文为指标，比较分析了国内常用的4种医学电子文献数据库收录医学期刊的质量。结果表明4种医学电子文献数据库均存在收录“非法医学期刊”之瑕疵，但各数据库的收录量有差异。提示广大读者和电子文献数据库使用者注意，并针对此问题提出了相应的对策和建议。     

Target-dependent axonal sprouting following vagal-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis in cats

Purpose: To investigate the relationships between the axonal sprouting and target neurotization by central neurons after nerve heterocon-nection. Methods: Unilateral (right) vagal-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis (VHA) was performed in adult cats. Following 3-315 days postoperation (dpo), quantitative analyses and ultrastructural changes in the proximal portion of the vagal-hypoglossal heteroconnected nerve as well as the time course of neuronal regeneration were studied. Along with this, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing technique was used to label the neurons of dorsal motor vagal nucleus (DMV) and nucleus ambiguus (NA) to ascertain if target neurotization was established. Results: The contralateral (left) intact vagus nerve proximal to the level of ansa cervicalis showed an average of 33 +/- 1 myelinated and 74 +/- 4 unmyelinated axons in 727 &mgr;m(2) sectional area of the nerve. In the heteroconnected nerve at the corresponding level just proximal to the anastomosis site, there was a marked increase in the number of small axons sprouting from the unmyelinated nerve fibers between 18 and 25 dpo. The number of these axonal sprouts appeared to decline at 32 dpo but its increase of 131 % was sustained until the late regeneration stage at 315 dpo when compared with the contralateral nerve serving as a control. The mean number of myelinated axons per area unit (727 &mgr;m(2)) was reduced to 18 at 3 dpo but was immediately restored to the normal range at 7 dpo. The retrograde labelling of neurons in both the DMV and NA was first detected at 22 dpo and was progressively increased peaking by about 67 dpo. Conclusions: We conclude that compared with the unmyelinated axons, the myelinated axons may acquire a superior interaction with the new target. Furthermore, the postoperative neurotization of tongue muscles may initiate and facilitate the retraction of the redundant axonal sprouts.     

以主药溶解性能筛选体外经皮渗透试验中的接收液

目的:筛选舒心贴剂中CVD体外经皮渗透试验的接收液.方法:采用异氰酸苯酯柱前衍生化RP-HPLC法,测定CVD在不同接收液中的饱和浓度,根据溶解性能筛选体外经皮渗透接收液.结果:七种接收液中以30%乙醇/生理盐水中CVD的浓度最高.结论:以主药溶解性能筛选体外经皮渗透试验的接收液,方法可靠、简便.     

158例胸部手术患者抗菌药物应用调查与分析

本文采用回顾性调查方法,将2002年1月～2003年9月胸部手术病历调出,对其使用抗菌药物的品种,用药频度,相关费用,联合用药,手术类型,切口愈合等情况进行分析评价.结果表明,158例胸部手术患者抗菌药物使用率达100%,涉及7个类别35种;联用抗菌药物达138例,人均使用抗菌药费为2587.75元,总药费与抗菌药费之比为1:0.38;平均疗程为32.28天;术后抗菌药物疗程明显偏长,联用比率偏高,有必要规范抗菌药物的应用.     

0.15％左旋布比卡因用于子宫全切术后硬膜外自控镇痛的临床观察

目的:比较0.15%左旋布比卡因和布比卡因用于经腹子宫全切术后患者自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)的临床效应.方法:择期经腹子宫全切术患者60例随机分成左旋布比卡因组(L组,n=30)和布比卡因组(B组,n=30)进行PCEA,观察患者24h镇痛效果、运动阻滞情况及不良反应.结果:两组视觉模拟评分(VAS)、舒适评级(BCS)相似,而24h硬膜外用药量、24h按压次数/实际有效进药次数(D/D)比值及PCA按压次数B组＞L组(P＜0 05);术后运动阻滞完全恢复时间,术后4h、8h、12h运动恢复分级两组差异无显著性;低血压发生率L组明显低于B组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:0.15%左旋布比卡因用于PCEA能达到满意镇痛效应,并减少局麻药及芬太尼用量,术后不良反应较少,安全性高;运动神经阻滞与布比卡因相同,作用时间较长.     

"术前体质辨证、术后快速整体康复" 模式在剖宫产的临床应用

[目的] 观察并验证在"术前体质辨证、术后快速整体康复"理念模式的指导下,运用中医活血祛瘀、健旺脾胃、固本培元等方法,促进剖宫产术后伤口愈合和整体康复,从而提高术后生活质量,达到快速整体康复为目的的临床疗效.[方法] 以2000 年1月至2005年12月符合入选标准的产妇 5500 例作为对照组,以2006年1月至2007年8月符合入选标准的产妇2 300例作为治疗组.治疗组根据产前体质辨证,产后以中药体质调理并配合耳针、穴位贴敷、穴位注射等综合疗法治疗.对照组围手术期使用抗生素预防感染,并配合能量合剂、维生素等支持疗法.观察两组产妇术后伤口感染和伤口疼痛评分、胃肠道反应、术后胃肠道排气排便时间、泌乳情况、宫底下降高度、产后24 h出血量以及血常规中白细胞计数等指标.[结果] 治疗组术后在伤口疼痛评分、伤口感染及胃肠道反应方面均较对照组明显减轻,排气排便时间提早,泌乳增加,与对照组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05).[结论]"术前体质辨证、术后快速整体康复"模式在剖宫产中的应用,可使产妇顺利、快速地度过产后康复全过程.