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31.
A Notghi J L Anderton G D Chisholm D Hamer-Hodges S Wilkinson G Smith N T Galloway P L Yap R J Winney 《Scottish medical journal》1986,31(2):94-98
The effects of introduction of a low steroid regime and pre-transplant blood transfusion were evaluated. The kidney and patient survival rates for the period before such a policy was adopted were compared with the period after this policy. There has been a highly significant rise in patient survival rates to the present level of 95 per cent at three years. There was a similar rise in three year graft survival rates from less than 40 per cent to 66 per cent. 相似文献
32.
Retrorenal colon: implications for percutaneous diskectomy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It has been recommended that computed tomography (CT) with the patient prone be performed in every patient undergoing percutaneous diskectomy; this would enable detection of a retrorenal location of the colon, which could interfere with the percutaneous procedure. In this evaluation of 346 prone CT studies, only one patient (0.29%) was found to have retrorenal or retropsoas bowel that would have been perforated at diskectomy. Because of this extremely low prevalence, the performance of prone CT in every patient undergoing percutaneous lumbar diskectomy is not believed to be necessary. 相似文献
33.
34.
Malcolm E. Richardson Samuel Menahem James L. Wilkinson 《International journal of cardiology》1991,30(3):351-353
In this report, we give details of two families in which fixed subaortic stenosis was found in more than one member. It is rare for this entity to show familial incidence. 相似文献
35.
Definitive radiation therapy for selected cancers of the rectum 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
During the last 15 years, over 400 patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum have undergone a course of endocavitary irradiation for cure or palliation of Dukes' A and B disease. This treatment method makes use of an unconventional fractionation scheme, by which the tumour receives 10,000-12,000 cGy in approximately four fractions over a period of about 60 days. The treatments are separated by an interval of 2 or 3 weeks. This method of definitive irradiation allows suitable patients to avoid abdominoperineal resection and its drawbacks. Hospitalization is avoided and the patients maintain a normal daily life. Approximately 15-20 per cent of all rectal cancer patients may be expected to fulfil the criteria for selection, which are sufficiently strict that the local control (95 per cent) and 5-year survival rates (94 per cent) can exceed those of surgery for comparable disease. 相似文献
36.
Evaluation of the bronchodilator properties of Ro 31-6930, a novel potassium channel opener, in the guinea-pig 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
P M Paciorek I S Cowlrick R S Perkins J C Taylor G F Wilkinson J F Waterfall 《British journal of pharmacology》1990,100(2):289-294
1. Ro 31-6930 (0.001-0.3 microM), cromakalim (0.03-3.0 microM), salbutamol (0.001-0.3 microM) and theophylline (0.3-100 microM) evoked dose-related reductions in guinea-pig spontaneous tracheal tone with IC50 values of 0.044, 0.20, 0.021 and 21.0 microM respectively. All four agents also relaxed tone supported by betahistine, carbachol, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), leukotriene D4 (LTD4), U46619 and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). The order of potency of tracheal relaxants was always salbutamol greater than Ro 31-6930 greater than cromakalim greater than theophylline. 2. All four agents evoked dose-related reductions in 5-HT- and histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in pithed vagotomised guinea-pigs. The dose of Ro 31-6930 producing 50% inhibition of a 5-HT bronchoconstriction was 11.6 micrograms kg-1 and the dose producing 50% inhibition of a histamine bronchoconstriction was 4.4 micrograms kg-1. Salbutamol was approximately 4-5 times more potent than Ro 31-6930 whilst cromakalim was approximately 10 times less potent than Ro 31-6930 as a bronchodilator. Theophylline was markedly less potent than any of the other agents. 3. Ro 31-6930, cromakalim, salbutamol and theophylline each protected conscious guinea-pigs from histamine-induced respiratory distress. Ro 31-6930 and salbutamol were each effective at oral doses of 1.0 and 3.0 mg kg-1 whilst cromakalim was effective at oral doses of 3.0 and 10.0 mg kg-1. Theophylline showed activity only at 300 mg kg-1 p.o. 4. Ro 31-6930 is a novel potassium channel opener which is a potent relaxant of guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle in vitro and a bronchodilator in vivo. 相似文献
37.
One of the major routes of elimination of dapsone (4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone) is by N-oxidation, to produce a hydroxylamine metabolite. The specific form of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) involved in this oxidation reaction was examined in human liver microsomal preparations previously characterized with respect to their content of several known P-450 enzymes. Among five preparations, the rank order of activity for dapsone hydroxylamine formation was most well correlated with the immunochemically determined level of P-4503A4 (r = 0.94, p less than 0.03). Moreover, inhibition of microsomal oxidation was observed with antibodies specific to P-4503A, with a maximum reduction of greater than 90%, but was not produced by antibodies specific to P-4501A2, P-4502CMP, or P-4502E1. Prior incubation of microsomes with gestodene (100 microM) or troleandomycin (20 microM), known selective mechanism-based inhibitors of P-4503A enzymes (in the presence of NADPH), led to 75% and 40% reductions in catalytic activity, respectively. In contrast, preincubation with increasing concentrations of alpha-naphthoflavone, a known activator of P-4503A4, increased dapsone N-hydroxylation in a concentration-dependent manner, with 5-fold activation being observed at 50 microM alpha-naphthoflavone. Finally, P-4503A4 isolated from human liver microsomes and cDNA-expressed P-4503A4 (in yeast) were both able to catalyze dapsone N-hydroxylation, with the latter preparation exhibiting a 3-fold activation in the presence of 100 microM alpha-naphthoflavone. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that N-oxidation of dapsone in human liver is predominantly mediated by P-4503A4, and they suggest that quantitative measurement of this metabolic pathway in vivo might serve as an index of the activity of this enzyme. 相似文献
38.
R K Lamb S A Qureshi J L Wilkinson R Arnold C R West D I Hamilton 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》1988,96(3):368-375
Between 1968 and 1985, 80 children underwent correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. There were 47 boys and 33 girls whose ages ranged from 3 days to 16 years (median 2 months, interquartile range 5 years). Seventy (87.5%) were less than 1 year of age at operation. Fifty-eight (72.5%) weighed less than 5 kg, the range being 1.6 to 42 kg (median 3.7 kg, interquartile range 2.4 kg). Forty-five (56%) patients had supracardiac, 14 (17.5%) cardiac, 15 (19%) infracardiac, and 6 (7.5%) had mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Follow-up was complete in 78 (97.5%) and ranged from 6 to 189 months (median 58 months, interquartile range 59 months). There were 14 (17.5%) early and six (7.5%) late deaths. Analysis by various factors revealed year of operation as the only factor to affect survival at the 5% level of significance. Early mortality was 29% between 1968-1977 and 11% between 1978-1985 (p = 0.04). Postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction occurred in five (6%) patients between 6 weeks and 3 months after operation. All 5 died, three after reoperation. Five (6%) other children had reoperations, four for residual shunts and one for superior vena caval obstruction. 相似文献
39.
Erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport (SLC) was measured in 17 patients with either combined hyperlipidaemia or hypercholesterolaemia before and after lipid lowering therapy. Before treatment SLC related to the serum triglyceride level and was increased in combined hyperlipidaemia. After treatment the SLC had returned to normal and the change in SLC was related to the change in serum triglyceride levels. Raised SLC is associated with essential hypertension but is not related to blood pressure. Therefore, the association of raised SLC with hyperlipidaemia and essential hypertension appears to have different underlying mechanisms. 相似文献
40.
Ann M Henry Cathy Wilkinson James P Wylie John P Logue Pat Price Vincent S Khoo 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2004,73(1):57-59
On-line imaging of prostate markers can be used to compensate for errors in radiation delivery. This study assessed the patient acceptability and morbidity associated with the trans-perineal route of implantation. A minority experienced acute pain or bleeding. Placement was accurate in all but one subject. An operator related learning curve exists. Although this is an invasive procedure most patients found it acceptable. Implementation for routine clinical practice is feasible. 相似文献