二氯胺基酚诱发的染色体畸变及染毒时间对畸变率的影响研究

２，４－二氯胺基酚（ＤＣＡＰ）是８３—１除草剂在哺乳动物体内的主要代谢产物。本研究以三种染毒计划观察了ＤＣＡＰ诱发Ｖ７９细胞的染色体畸变。结果表明：ＤＣＡＰ是一种染色体损伤剂，诱发的畸变主要为染色单体断裂和交换；３ｈ染毒和染毒后培养１７ｈ诱发的染色体畸变率最高，２０ｈ染毒观察不到染色体畸变，说明以高浓度短期染毒对高细胞毒性化合物的细胞遗传毒性研究可能是较好的染毒方案。     

Ag—NOR计数在区分良恶性甲状腺病变中的意义

随机选择经长期随访证实的滤泡性甲状腺癌和腺瘤各10例,正常甲状腺组织5例作为对照。按Ploton的染色方法和Crocker推荐的计数方法分别计算三组每例各50个细胞的Ag-NOR嗜银颗粒平均数,再算出三组各自的AgNOR均数,经统计学检验三者有极显著性差异。可望成为甲状腺滤泡性肿瘤良恶鉴别的一项辅助指标。     

A cell line from Wilms' tumour with deletion in short arm of chromosome II

A cell line (T3/73) from a Wilms' tumour has been established from a 9 month-old boy with aniridia. The tumour was removed in 1973. On histological examination a diagnosis of Wilms' tumour was made which showed undifferentiated areas, marked tubule formation and abundant striped muscle fibres. The tumour cells, which are fusiform, grew rapidly in culture without the addition of growth factors, and have undergone over 100 passages. Approximately 95% and 5% were positive for desmin and cytokeratin, respectively. The cell doubling time was 28 hr. Cytogenetic studies revealed a karyotype of 46,XY,del(11) (p12::p14). Although the cells stained very intensely with a monoclonal antibody that detects oncogene ras p 21 antigen, Southern blot analysis using c-Ha-ras as a probe failed to reveal an obvious deletion or amplification of either Ha-ras allele.     

Reconstruction of the brachiocephalic circulation by means of a jugular autograft

Three patients with symptomatic occlusions of subclavian artery were operated upon by means of carotid subclavian bypass using ipsilateral jugular vein. The indications for this technique include unavailability of saphenous veins or contraindications to use of prosthetics. Late clinical and angiographic followup have revealed satisfactory results and no changes in caliber of vein graft.     

Intrathecal vincristine: a fatal chemotherapeutic error with devastating central nervous system effects

Summary The devastating neuropathological changes wrought by the intrathecal administration of vincristine are reported, with a detailed account of the widespread lesions in the brain and spinal cord, found in post-mortem light- and electron-microscope studies.     

2型糖尿病患者载脂蛋白E基因多态性的研究

目的：探讨中国人2型糖尿病患者载脂蛋白E（apoE)基因多态性及其与血脂和载脂蛋白水平的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应－限制性酶切片段长度多态性法，分别对74例2型糖尿病患者及191例血脂、血糖正常且无糖尿病史者的apoE基因型、空腹血脂及载脂蛋白AI、AⅡ、B100、CⅡ、CⅢ及E进行全面分析。结果：2型糖尿病患者的血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDLC），非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（nHDLC),载脂蛋白B100、CⅡ、CⅢ、E水平及TG／HDLC比值较对照组显著升高（P＜0．01）；血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC），apoE/apoCⅢ比值显著降低（P＜0．05）。2型糖尿病组与对照组apoE基因频率分布无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。携带ε2等位基因组血清TG／HDLC比值较E3／3基因型显著降低；而携带ε4等位基因组血清apoAⅡ水平较E3／3基因型及携带ε2等位基因组显著升高（P＜0．001）。结论：2型糖尿病患者apoE基因多态性与血TG／HDLC及apoAⅡ有一定关联。     

Median sternotomy wound dehiscence: a retrospective case control study of risk factors and outcome.

Over a 5-year period from 1985 to 1989, 2760 patients underwent open heart surgery at the University Hospital of Wales. Of these, 44 (1.6%, 35 men, mean age 61 years) developed median sternotomy dehiscence 2-40 (median 9) days after surgery. Infection was an associated factor in 18 patients (41%) and Staphylococcus aureus the predominant isolate in seven of those. Thirty-seven patients underwent rewiring of the sternotomy wound and seven patients underwent debridement, removal of wires and delayed closure. In those undergoing rewiring, sternal stability was maintained in 34 patients (92%). There were seven deaths (16%), of which two were considered to be wound-related. Median hospital stay of survivors was 34 (range 16-84) days. Comparison with 88 matched controls by univariate analysis showed preoperative chronic obstructive airways disease, reduced FEV1/FVC ratio (both P < 0.001) and smoking (P < 0.05) were all more common in the dehiscence group. In addition, reoperation for bleeding (P < 0.05), prolonged bypass time, postoperative ventilation period and length of stay in the intensive care unit (all P < 0.001) were more common in the study group.