6分钟步行试验评定心衰患者心功能

目的探讨6分钟步行试验（6MWT）对老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者心功能的评价及其临床应用价值。方法54例CHF患者随机分为常规治疗组（n=29）和卡维地洛组（n=25），治疗前后进行步行试验及心功能分级的评定，监测白细胞介素6（IL-6）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、心指数（CI）和左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果心功能Ⅳ级患者较Ⅲ级患者、Ⅳ级患者较Ⅱ级患者步行距离均明显下降（P〈0．01），而Ⅲ级与Ⅱ级患者之间步行距离的差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；卡维地洛组6分钟步行距离治疗前后差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01），而治疗组差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05），并且步行距离与IL-6、NE呈显著负相关（P〈0．05），与LVEF和CI呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论6MWT操作简单、易行、安全，结果可靠，可作为心衰患者心功能评估的方法，尤其适用于老年患者。     

蒙药特木仁-5汤质量标准的研究

为建立特木仁 -5汤的质量标准 ,采用薄层色谱法对方中诃子、黄柏、栀子进行鉴别 ,用薄层扫描法 (TLCS法 )测定栀子苷的含量。结果显示 ,在 TLC色谱中均能检出诃子、黄柏、栀子 ,在 TLCS测定中栀子苷在 1.0～ 6.0 μg范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,平均回收率为 99.5 2 %(RSD=1.0 5 %)。     

2型糖尿病病程与视网膜病变的相关性

目的 :分析2型糖尿病 (T2DM)病程与糖尿病视网膜疾病 (DR)分期之间的关系。方法 :应用德国海堡眼底共聚焦激光扫描系统对102例T2DM病人进行眼底荧光造影检查 ,再由专家组进行DR的分期诊断 ,并结合病史 ,分析T2DM病程与DR分斯之间的关系。结果 :DM病程为≤5年组DR患病率为18 3 % ,DM病程为≥15年组DR患病率为71 2 %。结论 :DR的严重程度与糖尿病病程呈正相关。     

彝族儿童幽门螺杆菌感染HLA-DQA1免疫遗传学特征分析

目的研究人类白细胞抗原(HLA)DQA1基因位点上是否存在H.pylori感染的易感基因或抵抗基因，探讨免疫遗传因素在H.pylori感染中的作用。方法用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)技术对用血清学试验及^13C尿素呼气实验确诊的31例H．pylori感染的彝族儿童及39例无感染儿童进行HLA．DQA1基因分型。结果感染组HLA-DQA1*0102等位基因频率明显高于对照组(14．52％vs3．85％，P=0．025，Pc=0．35)，OR=4．245(95％CI：1．097～16．428)；感染组HLA-DQA1*0302等位基因频率低于对照组(0 vs12．82％，P=0．003，Pc=0．042)，OR=1．147(95％CI：1．053-1．249)。结论在HLA-DQA1位点上，H．pflori感染的彝族儿童与对照组儿童存在免疫遗传学差异，HLA-DQA1*0102基因可能是彝族H．pylori感染的易感基因，而HLA-DQA1*0302基因则可能是抵抗基因和具有免疫抵抗作用。     

腹腔镜手术在老年女性妇科疾病中的应用价值

目的探讨腹腔镜手术在老年女性妇科手术中的安全性和应用价值。方法1998年5月-2003年5月，回顾性分析124例妇科疾病患者的临床资料(老年腹腔镜手术一组41例，非老年腹腔镜手术治疗组48例，老年经腹手术治疗组35例)。结果老年患者恶性肿瘤发病率明显高于非老年组(x^2=4．750，P=0．029)，经腹手术组的卵巢，输卵管恶性肿瘤患者多于腹腔镜手术组(x^2=14．302，P=0．01)，老年组待手术日明显长于非老年组(t=49．791，P=0．001)，附件手术腹腔镜组术中出血明显少于经腹手术组(t=11．430，P=0．006)，腹腔镜组肠功能恢复短于经腹手术组(t=8．79，P=0．001)。结论腹腔镜手术治疗老年妇科疾病的患者是安全、有效的。     

Distinctive gene expression profiles by cDNA microarrays in endometrioid and serous carcinomas of the endometrium.

Endometrial carcinomas are classified by their morphology into two major subtypes. Endometrioid carcinomas (type I) are generally estrogen dependent, well-differentiated, superficially invasive, and have a good outcome. Serous carcinomas (type II) are hormone independent, frequently deeply invasive and widely metastatic, and have a poor prognosis. Microarray technology and analysis allows us to determine if the global gene expression profiles of these two subtypes correlate with their morphologic phenotype. Fresh tissue from 18 endometrial carcinomas was studied: 7 well-, 2 moderately, and one poorly differentiated endometrioid, 4 serous carcinomas, and 4 high-grade mixed endometrioid-serous carcinomas. Labeled cDNA probes were synthesized (Cy5 for tumor, Cy3 for reference) and applied to microarrays containing 18,098 cDNA clones or ESTs. A pool of equal amounts of total RNA from each tumor served as the reference RNA. By unsupervised cluster analysis, the endometrioid carcinomas clustered together and were separate from the serous carcinomas. The high-grade mixed carcinomas clustered with the serous carcinomas. Using a statistical algorithm based on gene expression pattern and conducting a supervised analysis of the two defined groups, we have identified 315 genes that statistically differentiate type I from type II endometrial carcinomas. In addition to corroborating the predicted overexpression of known markers (e.g., ras and catenin in endometrioid carcinomas), the cDNA microarray technique has revealed novel alterations in gene expression relevant to cell cycle, cell adhesion, signal transduction, apoptosis, and tumor progression not previously implicated in endometrial carcinomas. For serous carcinomas, these include aldolase, desmoplakin, integrin-linked kinase, PKC, and metallopeptidase. In conclusion, the gene expression profiles of type I and type II endometrial carcinomas are different. Refinement of these profiles will permit more accurate diagnostic tumor classification and the development of prognosis assays.     

Construction of a bioengineered cardiac graft

OBJECTIVES: Currently available graft materials for repair of congenital heart defects cause significant morbidity and mortality because of their lack of growth potential. An autologous cell-seeded graft may improve patient outcomes. We report our initial experience with the construction of a biodegradable graft seeded with cultured rat or human cells and identify their 3-dimensional growth characteristics. METHODS: Fetal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, stomach smooth muscle cells, skin fibroblasts, and adult human atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro. These cells were injected into or laid onto biodegradable gelatin meshes, and their rate of proliferation and spatial location within the mesh was evaluated by using a cell counter and histologic analysis. RESULTS: Rat cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts demonstrated steady proliferation over 3 to 4 weeks. The gelatin mesh was slowly degraded, but this process was most rapid after seeding with fibroblasts. Human atrial cardiomyocytes proliferated within the gelatin meshes but at a slower rate than that of fetal rat cardiomyocytes. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes survived within the gelatin mesh matrix but did not increase in number during the 2-week duration of evaluation. Grafts seeded with rat ventricular cells exhibited spontaneous rhythmic contractility. All cell types preferentially migrated to the uppermost surface of each graft and formed a 300- to 500-microm thick layer. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, gastric smooth muscle cells, skin fibroblasts, and adult human atrial cardiomyocytes can grow in a 3-dimensional pattern within a biodegradable gelatin mesh. Similar autologous cell-seeded constructs may eventually be applied to repair congenital heart defects.     

分段射精法收集少精子症患者精液质量比较

目的:探讨分段射精法在精子优选过程中的有效性。方法:采用分段射精法收集少精子症患者前后两部分精液,分别检测前后两部分精液的精子参数。结果:前部分精液的精子密度、精子活动率、精子形态和精子顶体完整性均显著高于后部分,而精子存活率、精子膜的完整性前后两部分无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:对于少精子症患者,采用分段射精法优选精子,能有效改进精子的质量参数,提高精液中精子密度、精子活动率、正常形态精子和正常顶体精子比例。     

辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊与四川嗜人按蚊杂交及唾腺染色体观察

目的　了解中国嗜人按蚊的分布 ,判定辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊和四川嗜人按蚊是否存在生殖隔离 ,有无种间差异 ,是否为同一蚊种。方法　采用遗传学方法进行人工杂交 /自然交配 ,并对杂交后的子代进行多腺染色体制片观察。结果　辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊与四川嗜人按蚊亲代杂交、回交、子代自交均能产生正常子代 ,并能大量繁殖。子代唾腺染色体制片观察未发现不联会现象。结论　辽宁法库县、广东横琴岛可疑嗜人按蚊与四川嗜人按蚊不存在生殖隔离 ,也无种间差异 ,系不同地域分布的同一种嗜人按蚊。     

杀飞克对印鼠客蚤毒杀效果研究

目的　观察杀飞克对印鼠客蚤的实验室毒效和现场灭效。方法　实验室用瓶膜法 ,现场用滞留喷洒法。结果　 (1)当药物浓度为 6.2 5mg/L时 ,KT50 为 5 .75min ;当药物浓度为 12 .5、2 5、5 0、10 0mg/L时 ,KT50 分别为 3 .5 2、6.0 7、3 .13和 3 .0 5min ;(2 )当药物浓度在 12 .5mg/L以上时 ,2 4h死亡率均为 10 0 % ;(3 )药膜在室温和普通湿度下存放1年后 ,当药物浓度在 5 0mg/L以上时 ,2 4h死亡率均为 10 0 % ;(4 )现场灭效 :药物浓度 3 0 0mg/L对地面游离印鼠客蚤的 2d校正灭蚤率为 10 0 % ,15d校正灭蚤率为 82 .72 % ,3 0d校正灭蚤率为 91.2 4%。结论　杀飞克 10 %可湿性粉剂毒力强 ,现场灭效好 ,气味小 ,对人畜安全 ,可在控制家鼠鼠疫灭蚤中使用。