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21.
BACKGROUND: Higher house dust mite (HDM) allergen exposure during infancy has been associated with increased HDM sensitization. Infant bedding has been associated with the accumulation of varying levels of HDM. Prospective data on the relationship between infant bedding and the development of HDM sensitization has not been previously examined. OBJECTIVES: To determine if particular types of bedding used in infancy are associated with increased risk of house dust mite sensitization in childhood. METHODS: A population-based sample (n = 498) of children born in 1988 or 1989, and who were resident in Northern Tasmania in 1997, participated in this study. These children were part of a birth cohort study (1988-95), the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey. Data on infant underbedding and mattresses was available on 460 and 457 children, respectively. The main outcome measure was HDM sensitization defined as a skin prick test (SPT) reaction of 3 mm or more to the allergens of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farinae. RESULTS: The use of either sheepskin underbedding or plastic mattress covers in infancy was associated with an increased risk of sensitization to HDM allergens at age 8 years. The adjusted risk ratio (RR) for sensitization to HDM with sheepskin in infancy was 2.27 (95% CI: 1.14, 4.55), P = 0.020. The adjusted RR for sensitization to HDM with the use of plastic mattress covers in infancy was 2.06 (95% CI: 1.22, 3.51), P = 0.007. The use of a foam mattress in infancy was not related to subsequent HDM sensitization. CONCLUSION: Infant's bedding plays a role in the development of HDM sensitization in childhood. Intervention studies to examine mite allergen levels and the role of underbedding on the development of HDM sensitization are required.  相似文献   
22.
Brain tumors are increasingly prevalent. Recent advances focus attention on individual, disseminated tumor cells that cannot be imaged or eliminated. Cells of the immune system may be ideally suited to attack individual tumor cells, but more basic understanding is needed. We describe a rat model, using the lacZ reporter gene, that allows identification of individual tumor cells, and tumor-leukocyte interactions in vivo. The model demonstrates how widely tumor can disseminate, without secondary tumorigenesis or recruitment of nonneoplastic cells. It demonstrates that leukocytes have access to disseminating tumor. Among its many applications, this work lays a foundation for developing cell-mediated immunotherapy against individual brain tumor cells.  相似文献   
23.
Consumers were surveyed to determine their attitudes toward four systems of health care delivery (home health care, hospitals, nursing homes, and outpatient clinics) along 10 attributes. The results are analyzed using multiple discriminant analysis. Implications for the formulation of marketing strategies are discussed.  相似文献   
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Purpose: Our purpose was to examine implantation of singleton pregnancies achieved following various assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) through the appearance and rising titers of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels. Methods: A total of 114 singleton pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization and intrauterine insemination was analyzed. Patients were divided into five groups according to the type of ovarian stimulation protocol [gonadotropin stimulation with/without the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), long protocol, or flare-up technique] and to the day of embryo transfer (day 2 or day 3 after oocyte retrieval). Serial serum hCG levels were measured between 10 and 25 days after fertilization and log-transformed. Linear regression analyses were performed and extrapolated to hCG = 10 mIU/ml (hCG 10 ), which was used as an estimate of detectable implantation. The slopes of the regression lines were used to estimate the rising speed of hCG. Results: There were no significant differences in the days of hCG in maternal serum to reach 10 mIU/ml (implantation) or in the slopes of the regression lines for all five studied groups. Conclusions: The appearance of hCG in maternal serum was used to assess the time of clinically detectable implantation. Furthermore, because hCG production is a marker of trophoblastic activity, its serum doubling time was used as an indicator of embryo quality. Results showed that in various ART protocols with and without GnRHa, there were no significant differences in implantation time or embryo quality. Embryo development in early pregnancy follows a preprogrammed-timing schedule and depends mainly on the embryonic age of the health, successfully implanted conceptus.  相似文献   
27.
We describe a case of preeclampsia with the HELLP (Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets) syndrome and highlight the delayed diagnosis due to its nonspecific presentation. This syndrome is associated with significant maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity and we discuss the importance of early recognition of the condition, aggressive management and a multidisciplinary approach.  相似文献   
28.
开放手术观察腰椎间盘突出症溶核失败45例分析   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
目的 通过开放手术观察分析椎间盘髓核化学溶解术治疗腰椎间盘突出症失败原因。方法 收集溶核失败的腰椎间盘突出症45例行开放手术治疗。结果 术中见45例硬膜外脂肪完全消失,43例髓核未见溶解,2例髓核溶解呈糊状但未被吸收,21例伴有侧隐窝狭窄,15例突出物与神经根粘连,20例黄韧带增厚,2例椎管骨性狭窄,14例突出物钙化。结论 腰椎间盘突出症病变间隙合并有侧隐窝狭窄、神经根粘连、椎管狭窄、突出物钙化等,不是溶核治疗的适应证。  相似文献   
29.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the cervical plexus and the accessory nerve to the function of the trapezius muscle. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Eighteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The neurotomies were performed in the left sides and the right sides served as within-subject controls. In group A, the accessory nerve was transected. The C2-5 were transected in group B, and both of the accessory nerve and C2-5 were cut in group C. The electrophysiologic, myophysiologic, and histologic changes of the muscles were measured. RESULTS: There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the three groups in the recovery rates of the transverse area of the muscles. The CMAP recorded from the experimental sides in group B were similar to the control sides. The values of the maximum tension of the tetanus contraction between the two sides showed no differences either (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The accessory nerve supplies the most important motor input to the trapezius. Motor innervations of the cervical plexus are not very significant.  相似文献   
30.
目的:观察短周期有氧运动处方的干预对重庆抑郁症大学生抑郁症状和心肺功能的影响。方法:于2005-09/10选择陕西省西安市8所高校中的11例患抑郁症的大学生,男6例,女5例;年龄18~25岁。均符合美国社会精神疾病的诊断统计手册标准重度抑郁症的诊断标准;均对干预方案知情同意。采用自编运动处方,即修订跑台测试方法进行有氧运动干预,训练在每周一至周六进行,每日进行5组,每组3min,共干预3周;强度以周围毛细血管血乳酸浓度达(3.0±0.5)mmol/L为标准,组间间歇期为其1/2强度至恢复,乳酸浓度监测在每第6个训练计划日进行。心率作为监测指标,由于对于训练计划的适应,心率会逐步降低,所以通过提高跑台的转速增加运动强度。运动强度评价采用Bord自我用力感觉量表,强度保持在13,14级(比较困难)。检测最大摄氧量,以反映心肺功能耐力运动表现。在训练计划开始和结束时用汉密顿抑郁量表(5级评分,0~4分,分数越高表示抑郁症状越严重)评估患者抑郁症严重程度。结果:患抑郁症大学生11名均进入结果分析。训练后患抑郁症大学生汉密顿抑郁量表分为(13.12±5.54)分,较训练前明显下降[(19.55±3.30)分,P<0.01]。训练前后患抑郁症大学生最大摄氧量分别为(35.24±10.10),(33.91±10.23)mL/(kg·min),两者比较,差异不明显(P=1.000)。结论:重度抑郁症大学生经短周期有氧训练后,抑郁症状明显改善,心肺功能未见明显增强。  相似文献   
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