前列腺素E1对脂肪所致犬呼吸窘迫综合征的治疗作用

采用同种脂肪提取液复制犬呼吸窘迫综合征模型,观察前列腺素E_1(PGE_1)对其治疗作用。结果表明,PGE_1可改善该模型的低氧血症,降低肺毛细血管通透性,减轻肺水肿,其减轻肺损伤的机理与其抑制多形核白细胞粘附、氧自由基产生及保护Ⅱ-型肺泡上皮细胞等有关。     

C3d及荷C3d免疫复合物的测定与意义

用抗人Ｃ３和抗人ＩｇＧγ球蛋白组分作固相反应物，建立了检测补体活化片段Ｃ３ｄ及荷Ｃ３ｄ－ＩＣ的ＥＬＩＳＡ法，并对临床各类疾病患者血清Ｃ３ｄ和Ｃ３ｄ－ＩＣ的水平进行了测定，结果表明：慢性肾炎，ＳＬＥ，慢性乙肝及肺炎患者血清Ｃ３ｄ总体水平均较对照组显著增高，分别有５８．５％～７２．２％的病人Ｃ３ｄ含量高于正常上限（Ｐ〈０．０１），且该类病人亦有较高的Ｃ３ｄ－ＩＣ阳性检出率（肺炎患者例外）本项研究中，Ｃ     

Are PRO discharge screens associated with postdischarge adverse outcomes?

OBJECTIVE. We evaluate whether patient outcomes may be affected by possible errors in care at discharge as assessed by Peer Review Organizations (PROs). DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING. The three data sources for the study were (1) the generic screen results of a 3 percent random sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 years or older who were admitted to California hospitals between 1 July 1987 and 30 June 1988 (n = 20,136 patients); (2) the 1987 and 1988 California Medicare Provided Analysis and Review (MEDPAR) data files; and (3) the American Hospital Association (AHA) 1988 Annual Survey of Hospitals. STUDY DESIGN. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the results of generic discharge administered by the PROs and two patient outcomes: mortality and readmission within 30 days. The analysis was adjusted for other patient characteristics recorded on the uniform discharge abstract. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS. Four discharge screens indicated an increased risk of an adverse outcome-absence of documentation of discharge planning, elevated temperature, abnormal pulse, and unaddressed abnormal test results at discharge. The other three discharge screens examined-abnormal blood pressure, IV fluids or drugs, and wound drainage before discharge-were unrelated to postdischarge adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS. Generic discharge screens based on inadequate discharge planning, abnormal pulse, increased temperature, or unaddressed abnormal tests may be important indicators of substandard care. Other discharge screens apparently do not detect errors in care associated with major consequences for patients.     

PCNA在乳腺病变组织中的表达与病理学特性关系

本文运用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)单克隆抗体对88例乳腺病变组织进行免疫组化研究,并与乳腺癌组织学分级和淋巴结转移作了对比分析,结果显示:乳腺良性病变阳性率为16%,乳腺癌为73.02%,两者比较有显著性差异P<0.01),pCNA指数与乳腺癌组织学分级淋巴结转移密切相关.作者认为PCNA的表达对区分良恶性病变及组织学分级,淋巴(?)转移(?)为客观可靠,是(?)癌预后判断的良好指标.     

光化学脑梗塞动物模型建立的实验观察

利用某些光敏性染料在特定波长光线作用下发生光化学反应的原理，建立家兔局部脑梗塞动物模型。结果显示，模型制作前后全血粘度高切、低切，血浆脂质过氧化物（ＭＤＡ）均明显升高，红细胞变形指数显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。并观察了脑梗塞病灶的大体形态学、细胞学和超微结构变化。结果表明，该模型制作简单，重复性好，病灶的部位、大小和深度容易控制，动物存活时间长，是一种较为理想的脑梗塞动物模型。     

“鼻炎一号”滴鼻剂对慢性鼻炎下鼻甲粘膜血流影响的初步观察

本文为探讨“鼻炎一号”滴鼻剂对慢性鼻炎下鼻甲粘膜血流有无影响及影响状态，用石家在医用电子仪器厂产ＨＢ－３ＩＭＥ型血流图仪以及作者改装的绝缘针形电极插入慢性鼻炎患者下鼻甲粘膜内，进行用药前、后观察，发现该药有扩张下鼻甲粘膜血管及增加血流量的作用。认为慢性鼻炎与鼻粘膜微循环异常有关。用该药有改善鼻粘膜微循环的作用。     

Effects of Intraventricular Injection of Calmodulin Antagonist （Trifluoperazine） on Pregnancy in Rats

Injection of TFP (a specific antagonist of CaM) into the lateral ventricles of the rat brain on the fourth day of pregnancy causes marked antifertility effect in 83% of the rats (0% in the control group). Examination with the pontamone blue reaction for the implantation elucidated that the antifertitity effect was due to the blockage of implantation of the follicle. Injection of TFP into the lateral ventricles of the brain markedly reduced the concentration of CaM in hypothalamus, ovary and uterus. Serum progesterone was also reduced. However, injection glven on day 7 was ineffective to terminate the pregnancy. Injection given on certain time of pregnancy was able to reduce the cellular CaM content and to cause antifertitity. This finding demonstrated that CaM played an important rote during the course of pregnancy.     

损毁室旁核对迷走神经抑制皮层诱发的下颌运动的影响

损毁家兔单、双侧室旁核，观察迷走神经对皮层诱发的下颌运动抑制性影响的变化，发现损毁单侧室旁核不影响刺激迷走神经中枢端对皮层诱发的下颌运动的抑制作用；损毁双侧室旁核，迷走神经对皮层诱发的下颌运动的抑制作用消失。     

P53基因突变与宫颈癌关系的研究

目的：通过对宫颈癌Ｐ５３基因７－８外显子突变的研究，探讨该基因的突变与宫颈癌的发生、发展之间的关系。方法：本文运用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）方法，对宫颈癌组织Ｐ５３的７－８外显子是突变进行了试验，并与非肿瘤的慢性宫颈炎（宫颈糜烂、宫颈息肉）组织作了对照。结果：１０例宫颈癌标本中有７例出现了Ｐ５３７－８外显子的突变，阳性率高；而８例作为对照的宫颈炎标本仅有１例出现可疑的阳性结果。结果：试验结果说明，宫     

溴酸盐的遗传毒性

目的 探讨臭氧消毒饮用水副产物溴酸盐的遗传毒性。方法 采用Ames试验、UDS试验和微核试验，从基因水平、DNA水平和染色体水平对臭氧消毒副产物溴酸盐的遗传毒性进行研究。结果与阴性对照组相比，副产物溴酸盐不能使组氨酸缺陷型鼠伤寒沙门菌回复突变增加，但可使大鼠肝细胞程序外DNA合成增加和小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核形成率增加。结论 臭氧消毒副产物溴酸盐可能具有DNA及染色体水平的遗传毒性。