临床药师参与耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌骨髓炎伴肾功能亢进患儿的治疗实践

目的:探讨临床药师在儿童耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)骨髓炎个体化抗感染治疗中的作用.方法:临床药师通过会诊1例万古霉素治疗儿童急性骨髓炎失败的病例,根据患者临床情况及相关检查结果,并结合国内外文献,从PK/PD角度对万古霉素治疗失败的原因进行分析,提出万古霉素治疗失败后替代治疗方案.结果:临床药师提出的治疗方案...     

High house dust mite serum-specific immunoglobulin E indicates a high 5-year rhinitis-asthma conversion rate: a cross-sectional study

<正>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a costly and highly prevalent chronic disease now.[1] More seriously, many patients with AR also have allergic asthma (AA). The presence of AR is a risk factor for the develo     

成人跖疣人乳头瘤病毒分型及与临床特征的关系

目的 检测成人跖疣乳头瘤病毒(HPV)型别,并探讨HPV分型与临床特征的关系.方法 采用PCR扩增、基因测序和TA克隆技术检测221例跖疣患者疣体的HPV型,记录患者的年龄、病程、症状和疣体数.结果 221例标本中,HPV阳性率为97％(215/221).单一HPV型占96％(206/215),HPV 27、2、57和7(Alpha属)分别占44.7％ (92/206)、12.1％(25/206)、7.3％(15/206)和0.5％(1/206);HPV 65(Gamma属)占0.5％(1/206);HPV 1、63(Mu属)占33.5％ (69/206)和1.5％ (3/206).HPV 27、2和57三型感染者之间年龄、病程、疣体个数、疼痛发生率和性别比较,差异均无统计学意义.与HPV 27感染者相比,HPV 1感染者与年龄≤30岁、病程≤1年、疣体数≤2个和疼痛高发生率相关.结论 HPV 27、2、57和1是感染成人跖疣患者的主要HPV型.HPV型与患者的临床特征间存在相关性.     

天然免疫相关细胞因子在人类真菌感染中的作用

研究表明,白细胞介素?1β、4、6、10、12、17、23,肿瘤坏死因子α和干扰素γ等天然免疫相关细胞因子在人类真菌感染过程中具有重要作用.它们在介导天然免疫反应的同时又可以通过诱导Th0细胞的分化类型而调节适应性免疫反应,对真菌感染的转归产生了巨大的影响.依照"病原真菌?天然免疫细胞?细胞因子?靶细胞?生物学效应"这一条真菌感染的天然免疫反应主线,逐个梳理主要天然免疫相关细胞因子在人类真菌感染过程中的细胞来源、基本功能及其相互间作用,列举并分析各种原因造成其功能异常时所导致的真菌感染性疾病,可为人类真菌感染性疾病寻找更多的治疗靶点.     

HIF inhibitor 32-134D eradicates murine hepatocellular carcinoma in combination with anti-PD1 therapy

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide and available therapies, including immunotherapies, are ineffective for many patients. HCC is characterized by intratumoral hypoxia, and increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in diagnostic biopsies is associated with patient mortality. Here we report the development of 32-134D, a low-molecular-weight compound that effectively inhibits gene expression mediated by HIF-1 and HIF-2 in HCC cells, and blocks human and mouse HCC tumor growth. In immunocompetent mice bearing Hepa1-6 HCC tumors, addition of 32-134D to anti-PD1 therapy increased the rate of tumor eradication from 25% to 67%. Treated mice showed no changes in appearance, behavior, body weight, hemoglobin, or hematocrit. Compound 32-134D altered the expression of a large battery of genes encoding proteins that mediate angiogenesis, glycolytic metabolism, and responses to innate and adaptive immunity. This altered gene expression led to significant changes in the tumor immune microenvironment, including a decreased percentage of tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which mediate immune evasion, and an increased percentage of CD8⁺ T cells and natural killer cells, which mediate antitumor immunity. Taken together, these preclinical findings suggest that combining 32-134D with immune checkpoint blockade may represent a breakthrough therapy for HCC.     

Theoretical and Experimental Research of Hydrogen Solid Solution in Mg and Mg-Al System

The study of hydrogen storage properties of Mg-based thin films is of interest due to their unique composition, interface, crystallinity, and high potential for use in hydrogen-storage systems. Alloying Mg with Al leads to the destabilization of the magnesium hydride reducing the heat of reaction, increases the nucleation rate, and decreases the dehydriding temperature. The purpose of our study is to reveal the role of the aluminum atom addition in hydrogen adsorption and accumulation in the Mg-H solid solution. Ab initio calculations of aluminum and hydrogen binding energies in magnesium were carried out in the framework of density functional theory. Hydrogen distribution and accumulation in Mg and Mg-10%Al thin films were experimentally studied by the method of glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy and using a hydrogen analyzer, respectively. It was found that a hydrogen distribution gradient is observed in the Mg-10%Al coating, with more hydrogen on the surface and less in the bulk. Moreover, the hydrogen concentration in the Mg-10%Al is lower compared to Mg. This can be explained by the lower hydrogen binding energy in the magnesium-aluminum system compared with pure magnesium.     

第477例——肌痉挛,脱发,腹泻

患者为28岁女性,以腹泻、全身性脱发为突出表现,通过详细询问病史及多学科讨论,最终诊断为Satoyoshi综合征。患者原发病罕见,同时合并巨细胞病毒感染、铅中毒,诊断较为棘手。     

发育性髋关节发育不良超声检查指南质量控制要点分析

发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)是髋臼发育不良、髋关节半脱位及髋关节脱位疾患的统称[1].20世纪80年代之前,该疾病被称为先天性髋关节脱位,由于该疾患与生长发育密切相关,1992年北美骨科年会将其更名为DDH.DDH是小儿骨科最常见的髋关节疾患,出生...