Effect of wheat bran in treatment of chronic nonorganic constipation

After a two-week basal period, 24 patients were randomly allocated to receive, with a crossover double-blind design, for two consecutive four-week periods, bran (20 g/24 hr) or placebo. The daily intake of water and dietary fibers was standardized. Symptomatology, oroanal transit time, bowel frequency, and stool weight were assessed in basal conditions and at week 4 and 8 of the treatment. Oroanal transit time decreased and bowel frequency and stool weight increased significantly during both bran and placebo administration in comparison with basal period. Bran treatment was more effective than placebo in improving bowel frequency and oroanal transit. During bran treatment oroanal transit time became normal only in patients with slow colonic transit and not in those with slow rectal transit. Neither the occurrence nor the severity of the most frequent accompanying symptoms of chronic constipation differed significantly between placebo and bran treatments.     

Steroid administration for ischemic complications after radiofrequency ablation: A retrospective study

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of steroids on ischemic complications after radiofrequency ablation.

Methods

A total of 58 patients with ischemic complications were divided into two groups according to corticosteroid use or non-use.

Results

A total of 13 patients who were administered steroids had a shorter duration of fever than those who were not administered steroids (median 6.0 vs. 2.0 days; p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that steroid administration was associated with a reduction of 3.9 days in the duration of fever (p = 0.008).

Conclusions

Steroid administration for ischemic complications after radiofrequency ablation may reduce the risk of fatal outcomes by blocking systemic inflammatory reactions.     

Isolation of human platelet membrane microparticles from plasma and serum

Methods have been developed to isolate human platelet membrane fragments from plasma and serum. Rabbit antibody produced against the human platelet membrane glycoprotein complex, IIb/IIIa, was utilized in an immunoelectrophoretic assay to evaluate the amount of this antigen in various microparticle preparations. The serum concentration of platelet microparticles was more than tenfold greater than that observed for plasma (65 micrograms/ml versus 4.4 micrograms/ml, respectively). Ultrastructural evaluation of either plasma or serum- derived microparticles disclosed a variety of membrane fragments and membrane-bound vesicles with occasional fragments of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. In contrast, microparticle preparations derived from isolated washed platelets after thrombin stimulation contained a heterogeneous array of membrane fragments, vesicles, and granules but no identifiable red cell, white cell, or platelet fragments. Thus, these studies demonstrate that normal human plasma and serum contain platelet membrane fragments that are produced during cell activation. If a similar loss of platelet membranes occurs in vivo following reversible platelet activation, it is possible that the resulting membrane modifications may be of importance in both the structural and functional changes that develop during platelet senescence.     

肝素钠静脉封管液启用后有效期的研究

目的了解肝素钠静脉封管液在不同使用频率和保存条件下的使用有效期。方法配制常温和冷藏保存条件下的肝素钠静脉封管液各20瓶，配制启用后分别于24，48，72，96h和1周时进行细菌培养，分析不同保存条件下和使用频次的肝素钠封管液的有效使用时间。结果肝素钠封管液启用后常温下经过96h或1周和恒温下96h检出菌落数以及封管液细菌检出率和与72h前比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05和P〈0．01）；常温和恒温保存条件下，封管液菌落数比较，差异有统计学意义（U=2．51，P〈0．05）。在常温保存条件下，封管液在抽吸≥25次和〈25次比较，细菌培养阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肝素钠静脉封管液在72h以内或抽吸次数〈25次使用是安全的。     

Incidental findings detection using low tube potential for CT pulmonary angiography

While lowering the radiation dose using a reduced tube potential (kVp) strategy for CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) maintains accuracy for pulmonary embolism detection, there is no data regarding the effect of increased noise from lower kVp on both the accuracy of lung and mediastinum lesion detection in the same patient cohort. This study compares the accuracy and diagnostic confidence of lung nodules and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes detection between low and standard kVp CTPA. The study cohort included 272 CTPA studies acquired at low kVp and 274 studies at standard kVp. Each patient had a routine chest CT acquired within 60 days of the CTPA that served as a reference standard for lung and mediastinum lesions. In additional to the evaluation of image quality, two radiologists independently interpreted lung nodules and mediastinal lymph nodes on CTPA and recorded confidence level for each interpretation. Multivariate models assessed effect of kVp settings on diagnostic accuracy and confidence level in interpretation. Low kVp CTPAs had higher image noise. A significant decrease in the confidence levels for evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes was observed at low kVp by one of two readers, although there was no significant correlation between accuracy of interpretation and kVp settings for lung and mediastinum lesion detection (adjusted odds ratios = 0.67–1.22, p values >0.2). While increased image noise may decrease the diagnostic confidence of the radiologist, the detection of lung nodules and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes was not compromised. Referring clinicians can expect that lower radiation dose CTPA answers questions related to lungs and mediastinum.     

关节镜下双排锚钉交叉缝线内固定复位术对创伤性膝关节前交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者疼痛应激反应及膝关节功能的影响

目的 探讨关节镜下双排锚钉交叉缝线内固定复位术对创伤性膝关节前交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者疼痛应激反应及膝关节功能的影响.方法 选取2017年10月至2019年10月收治的60例创伤性膝关节前交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者,以抽签法随机将其分为对照组和观察组,各30例.对照组采用关节镜下空心螺钉内固定复位术治疗,观察组采用关...     

海南地区疑难交叉配血患者不规则抗体分析

目的了解海南地区输血前患者血型不规则抗体的发生频率和分布特点。方法选择2012年1月至2014年6月海南地区各医院送检的439例疑难配血标本,采用盐水法、凝聚胺法和抗人球蛋白法进行血型不规则抗体筛查和抗体特异性鉴定。结果 439例送检标本中,共检出血型不规则抗体32例,阳性率7.29%。女性患者不规则抗体的检出率(10.19%)明显高于男性患者(4.72%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.833,P0.05)。检出的不规则抗体包括同种特异性抗体13例,自身抗体14例和非特异性不规则抗体5例。各系统疾病中,以血液系统疾病患者检出不规则抗体的比例最高,达到78.13%。结论输血前不规则抗体筛查,对于保证患者输血安全、减少溶血性输血反应发生具有重要意义。     

习惯性流产患者绒毛和蜕膜中Treg/Th17免疫失衡的检测及其临床意义

目的探讨绒毛和蜕膜中调节性T细胞(Treg)/Th17免疫失衡在习惯性流产(RSA)患者免疫发病机制中的作用。方法收集RSA患者和自愿终止妊娠的早孕妇女(正常对照组)的绒毛和蜕膜,采用流式细胞术检测其中Treg和Th17细胞数量,采用RT-PCR检测其中叉头翼状螺旋转录因子(Foxp3)和维甲酸相关核孤儿受体γt(RORγt)的mRNA水平;收集RSA患者和正常对照组的外周血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测其中转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、白细胞介素(IL)-10、IL-17A和IL-17F的水平;统计分析Treg细胞和其相关细胞因子、Th17细胞和其相关细胞因子之间的相关性。结果和正常对照组比较,RSA患者绒毛和蜕膜中Th17细胞明显增多(均P0.01),Treg细胞明显减少(均P0.01),RORγt的mRNA水平明显升高(均P0.01),Foxp3的mRNA水平明显降低(均P0.01);RSA患者外周血中IL-17A和IL-17F水平明显升高(均P0.01),TGF-β和IL-10水平明显降低(均P0.01);RSA患者和正常对照组Treg细胞数量和TGF-β及IL-10水平、Th17细胞数量和IL-17A及IL-17F水平均呈正相关(均P0.01)。结论绒毛和蜕膜中Treg/Th17免疫失衡可能与RSA的免疫发病机制有关。