用于评价动物社交偏好程度的新方法

目的：利用一种改进的三箱社交装置评价动物的社交偏好程度,并探索该方法的可行性。方法：采用注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)大鼠作为社交障碍模型动物,以同源大鼠（WKY)大鼠和Wistar大鼠作为对照组,模型组采用治疗ADHD的临床常用中成药小儿黄龙颗粒（1.88 g/kg、3.75 g/kg）灌胃给药16 d。利用改进的三箱社交箱,以待测鼠在陌生鼠侧密切交流区的时间、频次、路程及相关比例作为行为学指标,检测该方法对社交行为评价的可行性。结果：与Wistar大鼠组比较,模型组大鼠与WKY组大鼠在密切交流区域及有陌生鼠侧区域的时间显著减少（P<0.01）,其他指标如频次、路程及比例也均有不同程度减少,小儿黄龙颗粒两剂量均能增加模型大鼠上述各指标数值。结论：该方法能准确捕捉动物的社交行为特征,实现对动物社交偏好程度的全面、客观评价。     

Homer 1b/c通过内质网功能调节由谷氨酸诱发的HT22细胞自噬

目的　研究Homer1b/c蛋白在谷氨酸诱发的细胞自噬中的作用及机制。方法　选用小鼠海马细胞系HT22细胞,通过500 ?mol/L谷氨酸处理建立细胞损伤模型。用siRNA慢病毒转染方式下调Homer1b/c表达和10 ?mol/LBAPTA-AM（1,2-双(2-氨基苯氧基)乙烷-N,N,N`,N`-四乙酸四乙酸甲酯,钙离子螯合剂）、10 mmol/L4-PBA（4-苯基丁酸,内质网应激抑制剂）分别抑制细胞内钙离子释放和内质网应激后,使用蛋白质印迹法检测Homer1b/c,自噬蛋白Beclin-1、微管相关蛋白轻链3（LC3）,以及内质网应激标志蛋白CHOP（人内质网应激相关蛋白）、GRP-78(葡萄糖调节蛋白78)的表达水平。每组实验均进行3次,采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。结果　谷氨酸处理HT22细胞12 h后,Beclin-1表达和LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值均升高（P<0.05）,下调Homer1b/c表达可降低Beclin-1表达和LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值的升高程度（P<0.05）。抑制细胞内钙离子释放和抑制内质网应激均能降低Beclin-1表达和LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值的升高程度（P<0.05）。然而在下调Homer1b/c表达后,抑制细胞内钙离子释放和抑制内质网应激未能进一步降低Beclin-1表达和LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值的升高程度（P<0.05）。结论　Homer1b/c能够调节谷氨酸诱导的自噬,其调节作用可能与内质网功能有关。     

Clinicopathologic features and survival of patients with colorectal mucinous, signet-ring cell or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma:experience at an institution in southern China

Background Previous studies have shown conflicting results on the relation between clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with colorectal mucinous, signet-ring cell, or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma; only few such studies have been performed in China. This retrospective study analyzed data from our department to investigate clinicopathologic characteristics, prognosis and possible correlations of three histologic types -- colorectal mucinous,signet-ring cell, and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, to clarity the bases for observed differences which may lead to development of targeted therapies Methods Of 2079 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1994 and 2007, 144 had mucinous, 25 had signet-ring cell, and 1837 had non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. Their clinicopathologic parameters and survival were analyzed using established statistical methodologies.Results Mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinomas were common in younger patients (P <0.001). Location, size and disease stage differed significantly among the three types. Signet-ring cell tumors were more commonly found in the rectum than mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (P <0.001). Mucinous and signet-ring cell tumors presented in a later stage in life more often than non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, with lymph node involvement, serosal infiltration, peritoneal dissemination, and adjacent organ invasion (P <0.01). The rate of radical resection, hepatic metastasis and local recurrence did not differ among types (P ＞0.05). Compared with patients with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, patients with mucinous and signet-ring cell tumors who underwent potentially curative resections or stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ disease had poorer long-term overall survival. Survival did not differ by type for patients with either stage Ⅰor Ⅳ disease (P ＞0.05). Conclusions Mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma have unique carcinogenesis and similar biologic behavior.Our study confirms that both histologic types, especially signet-ring cell tumors, are independent, negative prognostic factors for patients with colorectal cancer. Type does not appear to have a significant effect on survival when disease is either stage Ⅰ or Ⅳ at presentation.     

Pretreatment with Tongxinluo protects porcine myocardium from ischaemia/reperfusion injury through a nitric oxide related mechanism

Background The traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against ischaemia/reperfusion injury, but the mechanism of its action is not well documented. We examined the involvement of nitric oxide in the protective role of Tongxinluo. Methods Miniswine were randomized to four groups of seven: sham, control, Tongxinluo and Tongxinluo coadministration with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 10 mg/kg i.v.). Three hours after administration of Tongxinluo, the animals were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending coronary artery ligated and maintained in situ for 90 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion before death. Area of no reflow and necrosis and risk region were determined pathologically by planimetry. The degree of neutrophil accumulation in myocardium was obtained by measuring myeloperoxidase activity and histological analysis. Myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and vascular endothelial cadherin content were measured by colorimetric method and immunoblotting analysis respectively.Results Tongxinluo significantly increased the local blood flow and limited the infarct and size of no reflow. Tongxinluo also attenuated myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil accumulation in histological sections and maintained the level of vascular endothelial cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in the reflow region when compared with control group. The protection of Tongxinluo was counteracted by coadministration with L-NNA. Conclusions Tongxinluo may limit myocardial ischaemia and protect the heart against reperfusion injury. Tongxinluo regulates synthesis of nitric oxide by altering activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.     

普罗布考对体外培养的主动脉平滑肌细胞NF—kB活性的影响

目的：观察普罗布考（probucol)对血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs)核因子kB(NF-kB)活性的调控作用,以探讨probucol在动脉粥样硬化（AS）和经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术后再狭窄（RS）防治中的某些可能的作用机制。方法：采用电泳迁移位移测定法观察probucol对VSMCsNF-kB活性的影响。结果：H2O2或胎牛血清（NCS）处理VSMCs72h后,NF-kB活性均明显增强;而加入100umol/Lprobucol后,NF-kB活性受到部分抑制,抑制率分别为37.1%和14.8%。结论：Probucol抑制NCS、H2O2诱导的VSMCsNF-kB的活性,可能是其临床有效防治RS及AS的作用机制之一。     

Therapeutic effects of radio frequency ablation in lung tumor treatment

Radiofrequencyablation(RFA)isarecentlyde-velopedsystemthatprovidesanewapproachforthetreatmentofpatientswithunresectablemalignanttu-mor.Aninsulatedneedleelectrodethatcontains10fineneedleswithinentersthetumortissueunderCTguidanceandthe10fineneedlesstretchasanumbrel-lacoveringanareaapproximately3.5cmindiameter,beforearadiofrequencygeneratortransmitshigh-en-ergyradiofrequencypulsesthroughthewiretothefineneedles.Theenergyreleasedattheneedlepointcantriggerionicagitationandfrictionalheattopro-ducea…     

肝病患者血浆凝血酶原时间及其INR值的探讨

目的 :探讨凝血酶原时间 (PT)及其国际标准化比率 (INR)在各种肝脏疾病中的变化。方法 :采用含钙凝血活酶对肝病患者血浆用凝固法测定 ,报告INR值。结果 :肝硬化、肝癌和肝炎患者与正常对照组比较 ,PT延长均具有显著性 (P <0 .0 5～P <0 .0 1)。结论 :PT测定不仅具有外源性凝血系统筛选试验的意义 ,也可以作为肝病患者对病程进展及严重程度的参考指标。     

反复下体负压暴露对心脏泵血功能的影响

目的　探讨反复下体负压暴露对心脏泵血功能的影响及其与下体负压耐力的关系 .方法　 2 7名男性健康被试者随机分成 3组 ,分别进行 - 5 .33 k Pa 8min(A组 )、- 6 .6 7k Pa4min(B组 )、- 6 .6 7k Pa8m in(C组 )的下体负压锻炼 ,1次· d- 1 ,连续 8d,记录心率及血压 .锻炼前、后测量平卧位心脏泵血功能 .结果　 A组锻炼前后心脏功能各项指标无显著变化 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,B组锻炼后左室射血期 (L VET)、每搏输出量 (SV)、心输出量 (CO)、心指数 (CI)、血管顺应性 (C)分别为 :(2 97± 14) ms,(113± 37) m L,(7.3± 2 .3) L· min- 1 ,(4.2± 1.4) L·min- 1·m- 2 ,(2 .7± 1.0 ) m L·Pa- 1 ,较锻炼前显著增加 (P<0 .0 5 ) .而总外周阻力 (TPR)为 (7.6± 2 .9)L· Pa- 1·cm- 5,较锻炼前显著降低 (P<0 .0 5 ) .C组锻炼后较锻炼前上述指标变化趋势与 B组相同 ,但未达显著水平 .结论　 - 6 .6 7k Pa反复下体负压暴露可改善心脏泵血功能 ,其可能通过相对提高心水平动脉血压而提高下体负压耐力     

重组人钙调素对白芷细胞增殖及结核杆菌生长的影响

目的 :探讨重组人钙调素 ( rh Ca M)对白芷悬浮细胞及结核杆菌增殖作用的影响。　方法 :用基因重组技术获得人钙调素基因 ( h Ca M c DNA)重组表达质粒 h Ca M / p BV2 2 0 ,将其转化大肠杆菌 DH5α。用 Phenyl-Sepharose CL -4 B疏水亲和层析法纯化重组菌超声上清表达产物。将纯化 rh Ca M加入悬浮培养的白芷细胞及结核杆菌培养基中 ,观察 rh Ca M对其增殖作用的影响。　结果 :含 h Ca M / p BV2 2 0的重组菌经温度诱导可高效表达Ca M蛋白 ,经 15 % SDS-PAGE分析 ,可观察到一相对分子质量为 170 0 0的表达条带 ,Western blot结果证实 ,此表达条带可与标准鼠抗 Ca M Mc Ab起特异反应。每 1L菌液经 Phenyl-Sepharose CL -4 B疏水亲和层析法纯化可获Ca M纯品 3～ 4mg。rh Ca M对白芷细胞增殖作用影响的研究结果表明 ,rh Ca M在低细胞密度培养条件下对白芷细胞有促进增殖作用 ,效果高于标准植物 Ca M。本研究同时还发现一定浓度的纯化 rh Ca M( 1、10μg/ ml)可促进牛型结核杆菌的生长。　结论 :rh Ca M对植物细胞和细菌均有细胞外促增殖作用     

煤快速加氢热解焦油组成的分析

采用溶剂萃取－化学处理－柱层析相结合的预处理分离程序、色－质联用和色－红联用结合色谱保留值的定性方法,分析研究了内蒙东胜煤快速加氢热解焦油的化学成分和结构,推测鉴定出２００多种化合物,并对具有代表性的１９种多环芳烃进行了定量分析,讨论了快速加氢热解焦油化学成分的结构特征。