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71.
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73.
B Spiegelberg T Parratt SK Dheerendra WS Khan R Jennings DR Marsh 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2010,92(2):101-105
Ilizarov frames provide a versatile fixation system for the management of bony deformities, fractures and their complications. The frames give stability, soft tissue preservation, adjustability and functionality allowing bone to realise its full osteogenic potential. It is important that we have a clear and concise understanding of the Ilizarov principles of deformity correction to best make use of this fixation system. In this review article, the history of Ilizarov frame, the basic sciences behind it, the mechanical principles governing its use and the clinical use of the fixation system are discussed. 相似文献
74.
Caroline?HG?BastiaenenEmail author Rob?A?de Bie Pieter?MJC?Wolters Johan?WS?Vlaeyen Janneke?M?Bastiaanssen Aldegonda?BA?Klabbers Annie?Heuts Piet?A?van den Brandt Gerard?GM?Essed 《BMC public health》2004,4(1):67
Background
Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle and/or low back pain is a controversial syndrome because insight in etiology and prognosis is lacking. The controversy relates to factors eliciting pain and some prognostic factors such as the interpretation of pain at the symphysis. Recent research about treatment strategies also reflects those various opinions, in fact suggesting there is professional uncertainty about the optimal approach. Currently, physiotherapists often prescribe a pain-contingent treatment regime of relative rest and avoiding several day-to-day activities. Additionally, treatment more often includes an exercise program to guide rectification of the muscle imbalance and alignment of the pelvic girdle. Effectiveness of those interventions is not proven and the majority of the studies are methodologically flawed. Investigators draw particular attention to biomedical factors but there is growing evidence that important prognostic issues such as biopsychosocial factors appear to be even more important as point of action in a treatment program. 相似文献75.
LainPM LoKW YuMY WongWS 《疑难病杂志》2005,4(1):39-39
患者,女性,54岁,中国籍,因急性左下肢水肿就诊。既往有子宫肌瘤史2年。腹部及盆腔凹显示左髂总静脉血栓及子宫左下部肌瘤(直径6cm)。考虑静脉血栓系肌瘤压迫髂静脉所致,予抗凝治疗,为缩小子宫体积以减轻其对髂静脉的压力,皮下注射促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRHa)3个月。患者对GnRHa冶疗无不良反应,治疗后闭经。4月后复查腹部及盆腔CT显示子宫明显缩小, 相似文献
76.
HPLC法测定冬凌草萜含片中冬凌草甲素的含量 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的:对冬凌草萜含片中的冬凌草甲素进行含量测定。方法:采用HPLC法,以C18-ODS为色谱柱,甲醇-水(55:45)为流动相,检测波长为242mm。结果:回收率为98.23%,RSD为2.12%。结论:该方法简便、可靠,适合冬凌草及其制剂的质量控制。 相似文献
77.
Mooney LA; Bell DA; Santella RM; Van Bennekum AM; Ottman R; Paik M; Blaner WS; Lucier GW; Covey L; Young TL; Cooper TB; Glassman AH; Perera FP 《Carcinogenesis》1997,18(3):503-509
Prior epidemiological evidence suggests that genes controlling the
metabolism of carcinogens and antioxidant/nutritional status are associated
with lung cancer risk, possibly through their ability to modulate DNA
damage by carcinogens. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 159 heavy
smokers from a cohort of subjects enrolled in a smoking cessation program.
A total of 159 blood samples were analyzed to determine the relative
contributions of genetic polymorphisms [CYP1A1 MspI and exon 7 and
glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1)] and plasma micronutrients to
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA (PAH-DNA) adduct levels. DNA damage in
smokers was affected by genetic polymorphisms and nutritional status.
Smokers with the CYP1A1 exon 7 valine polymorphism had significantly higher
(2-fold, P < or = 0.03) levels of DNA damage than those without. In
parallel models, PAH-DNA adducts were inversely associated with plasma
levels of retinol (beta = -0.93, P = 0.01), beta-carotene (beta = -0.18, P
= 0.09), and alpha- tocopherol (beta = -0.28, P = 0.21) in 159 subjects.
The association between smoking-adjusted plasma beta-carotene levels and
DNA damage was only significant in those subjects lacking the GSTM1
detoxification gene (beta = -0.30, P = 0.05, n = 75). There was a
statistical interaction between beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol; when
beta- carotene was low, alpha-tocopherol had a significant protective
effect (beta = -0.78, P = 0.04) on adducts, but not when beta-carotene was
high (beta = -0.16, P = 0.57). Plasma alpha-tocopherol was significantly
correlated with beta-carotene (r = 0.36, P = 0.0005) and less strongly with
retinol (r = 0.20, P = 0.0005). These results suggest that several
micronutrients may act in concert to protect against DNA damage and
highlight the importance of assessing overall antioxidant status. In
conclusion, a subset of smokers may be at increased risk of DNA damage and
possibly lung cancer due to the combined effect of low plasma
micronutrients and genetic susceptibility factors. The use of biological
markers to assess efficacy of interventions and to study mechanisms of
micronutrients is timely given the current debate regarding the use of
chemopreventive agents in high risk populations.
相似文献
78.
Yen CC; Hsieh RK; Chiou TJ; Liu JH; Fang FS; Wang WS; Tung SL; Tzeng CH; Chen PM 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(2):129-133
The anti-emetic efficacy of a combination of tropisetron and dexamethasone
was studied in 33 patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation.
Another 50 patients receiving conventional anti-emetic therapies in bone
marrow transplantation served as control. On the first and second days of
preconditioning chemotherapy, 51% and 36% respectively of patients in the
tropisetron and dexamethasone group did not experience vomiting, compared
with only 12% and 10% of control group patients (P < 0.001). The mean
number of episodes of vomiting in the tropisetron and dexamethasone group
was also significantly lower than in the control group (0.97+/-1.65 vs
3.50+/-2.45 and 1.30+/-1.40 vs 4.44+/-2.91 respectively, both P <
0.001). Control of vomiting in the two groups was not significantly
different during days 3-6. Analysis of patients receiving busulfan and
cyclophosphamide as the preconditioning regimen still showed better
anti-emetic control in the tropisetron and dexamethasone group than in the
control group on the first two days of treatment (total control rate 33.3%
vs 6.5% and 44.4% vs 12.9% respectively, P < 0.001). Patients given
tropisetron and dexamethasone combination more frequently suffered from
dizziness and burning sensation of the chest. However, diarrhea and
extrapyramidal symptoms were the most frequent adverse effects seen after
using conventional anti-emetic combination. The combination of tropisetron
and dexamethasone was thus superior to conventional anti-emetic
combinations in preventing vomiting during preconditioning period of bone
marrow transplantation. The adverse effects of this combination were
minimal and well tolerated by patients.
相似文献
79.
Chiou TJ; Tung SL; Hsieh RK; Wang WS; Yen CC; Fan FS; Liu JH; Chen PM 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(5):318-322
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of the treatment of advanced gastric cancer is not
very good. The response rate to the original
etoposide--leucovorin--5-fluorouracil (ELF) treatment is 53% with tolerable
side effects. Whether increasing the dose intensity by prolonging the
duration of infusion with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) from 3
to 5 days for advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients would enhance
the efficacy but not increase side effects is still unknown. METHODS:
Thirty-six advanced or metastatic gastric cancer and chemotherapy-naive
patients with measurable or evaluable diseases were scheduled to receive
intravenous etoposide 100 mg/m2/day on days 2-4, LV 300 mg/m2/day
intravenously and 5-FU 500 mg/m2/day intravenously on days 1-5, every 4
weeks. All patients who received at least two courses of chemotherapy were
evaluated for tumor response, survival and response duration and toxicity
according to the WHO criteria. RESULTS: Thirteen patients showed a
response, including five with complete response (CR). The overall response
rate was 36% (95% confidence interval, CI, 20-52%) in the whole group and
46% (95% CI 28-66%) in the 28 patients with measurable disease. The median
progression-free interval and overall median survival time were 5 and 7
months, respectively. The most frequent toxicity was alopecia (grade I/II
56.3%). The incidence of grade III or greater myelosuppression was 5.9%. No
treatment-related death occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of the modified
ELF by increasing the dosages of 5-FU and LV is not superior to the results
of the original regimen, yet it is a relatively safe and tolerable
combination regimen for advanced gastric cancer.
相似文献
80.
MV Merrick A Notghi N Chalmers AG Wilkinson WS Uttley 《Archives of disease in childhood》1995,72(5):388-392
In 3646 children with at least one confirmed urinary tract infection the prevalence of vesicoureteric reflux at presentation was correlated with progressive renal damage during follow up of not less than two and up to 16 years. Reflux was not demonstrated either at presentation or at any subsequent time in almost one half of the children who suffered progressive renal damage and was not a risk factor for progressive renal damage in boys under 1 year. It was an important risk factor in boys over 1 year and in girls of any age. The risk of progressive renal damage in children in whom micturating cystourethrography (MCU) did not reveal vesicoureteric reflux was substantially greater than in those who indirect isotope voiding study (IVS) did not show reflux. The risk of deterioration for those in whom reflux was demonstrated was similar for both techniques. This discrepancy indicates an appreciably higher false negative rate for the MCU than the IVS. Dilatation of the renal pelvis detected by ultrasound was associated with a significantly increased risk of progressive damage only when associated with reflux, but most children with progressive damage did not have a dilated collecting system at presentation. 相似文献