The unprotected parasphenoidal carotid artery studied by high- resolution computed tomography

A retrospective review was made of 500 consecutive thin-section axial CT scans of the adult sphenoid sinus using contrast enhancement and the bone algorithm to determine whether there was exposure of the cavernous sinus and the carotid arteries along their parasphenoidal course. At least one cavernous-carotid complex that could be considered at risk during sphenoid sinus surgery was seen in 31.4% of the patients. Of this group, 14.4% of the patients had no bony covering on one or both sides at some point along the parasphenoidal course. In 17% the bony covering was so thin it would give minimal, if any, protection from surgical trauma. A patient who had laceration of an unprotected carotid artery with development of post-traumatic aneurysm is discussed.     

Male and female nurses in intensive-care wards in The Netherlands

This article presents the results of a national survey among intensive-care nurses, establishing whether male nurses and female nurses can be distinguished with respect to issues such as professionalization, career orientation and their preference for technical departments. The study showed that there is an over-representation of men in technical wards. At IC/CC-units the percentage of male nurses is twice as large as in the hospital as a whole (IC/CCU included). The distribution of labour among male and female nurses is taking place according to traditional sex-specific role patterns. Male nurses are more oriented towards professionalization than female nurses. Male IC-nurses see their jobs more in a medical perspective and they also show a higher frequency in the performance of medically reserved activities. Male IC-nurses seem to be particularly directed at upgrading their own profession. The differences between male and female nurses can also be explained by culturally determined differences between men and women regarding their own career perspective and career development, as well as by internal staff policy.     

三环氟喹诺酮类化合物的合成及抗菌活性

芦氟沙星(Rufloxacin)是氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物,由于它在体内有高效、广谱、长效和口服吸收良好等特点,我们在保留芦氟沙星母核基本骨架的基础上进行结构修饰,合成了12个新化合物。体外抑菌试验发现随着10位边链的极性增大,对革兰氏阴性(G^-)菌的抗菌活性增强,而对革兰氏阳性(G⁺)菌活性则变化不大。     

Individual differences in the use of the response scale determine valuations of hypothetical health states: an empirical study

Background  

The effects of socio-demographic characteristics of the respondent, including age, on valuation scores of hypothetical health states remain inconclusive. Therefore, we analyzed data from a study designed to discriminate between the effects of respondents' age and time preference on valuations of health states to gain insight in the contribution of individual response patterns to the variance in valuation scores.