Modulation of liver tumor blood flow with hepatic arterial epinephrine: a SPECT study

Changes in the relative arterial flow to hepatic tumors and adjacent normal liver, in response to varied doses of hepatic arterial epinephrine, were studied with single photon emission computed tomography. In 18 patients with known hepatic tumors, hepatic artery perfusion scans were obtained with the concurrent infusion of technetium-99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin and escalating doses of epinephrine (0-10 micrograms/min). Regions of interest were drawn around tumor and adjacent normal liver in three planes, and the average tumor-to-liver ratio (T:L) was calculated. In all 18 patients, there was a measurable baseline T:L perfusion advantage (range, 1.7-18.7; mean, 4.8). In 12 of 18 patients, this ratio increased with epinephrine (range, 1.1-53.6 times the baseline value; mean, 7.1). In six patients, no improvement in T:L could be demonstrated. In 14 patients the lung shunt index, a measurement of arteriovenous shunting, increased with escalating doses of epinephrine. This pilot study suggests that the infusion of epinephrine may improve the therapeutic index of certain regional therapies such as bolus drug infusions, hepatic arterial embolization, and radioactive microsphere therapy.     

人白血病HL60细胞的分化状态对细胞凋亡的影响

用细胞培养和流式细胞术等方法,研究人白血病HL60细胞诱导分化后,对三尖杉酯碱(Har)和喜树碱(Cam)诱导细胞凋亡的影响。结果表明,12-豆蔻酰及13-乙酸佛波酯以16nmol·L^-1浓度处理HL60细胞24h,细胞向单核/巨噬细胞方向分化,阻断于G_{1期;分化细胞抗Har和Cam诱导的细胞凋亡,但其c-myc基因的表达无变化。1.4%二甲基亚砜处理HL60细胞48h,细胞向粒细胞方向分化,阻断于G1期;分化细胞抗Cam,而不抗Har诱导的细胞凋亡;分化细胞的c-myc基因表达明显下降。结果提示,人白血病HL60细胞的分化状态,明显影响三尖杉酯碱和喜树碱诱导的细胞凋亡,但可能与c-myc基因的表达变化无关。}     

甲真菌病治疗指南

该指南是英国皮肤科医师协会针对皮肤科医生制定的 ,反映了当前文献报道中的最新研究资料。在解释这些资料时应慎重 ,因为未来的研究可能会改变现有的结论或推荐方案。在应用该指南时 ,需因人而异 ,因地制宜。遵守指南并不能确保万无一失 ,因此对实施指南时的偏离不应都归咎于疏忽 (该指南并不能保证面面俱到 ,在实际应用中可加以变通 )。简介 :甲真菌病是最常见的皮肤病之一。英国对 10 0 0 0人进行的一项大规模问卷调查显示发病率为 2 71%。芬兰和美国最近的真菌学对照调查表明 ,发病率为 7%～ 10 %。甲真菌病发病率的升高和有效抗真菌新…     

Renal duplication artifact in US imaging

To determine the appearance of artifactual renal duplication in ultrasound (US) imaging, the authors analyzed 22 examples of such duplication in 20 patients. The artifact appeared as a duplication of the collecting system in 18, as a suprarenal mass in three, and as upper-pole cortical thickening in one. It occurred in the left kidney in 15 patients, in the right kidney in three, and bilaterally in two. To determine the frequency of the artifact, 50 additional patients were scanned. It was identified in eight of these patients. Imaging characteristics and the results of in vitro modeling proved the artifact was due to sound beam refraction between the lower pole of the spleen or liver and adjacent fat. This artifact is much more common in the left kidney and occurs more frequently in obese patients. Knowledge of the appearance and cause of this artifact should help radiologists avoid diagnostic errors.