品管圈在促进会阴伤口愈合中的临床应用

【】目的 探讨品管圈(QCC)活动在促进阴道分娩产妇会阴伤口愈合中的临床效果。方法 成立QCC小组,找出影响阴道分娩产妇会阴伤口愈合的相关因素,针对出现的问题进行分析,找出原因,提出整改措施,制定规范的操作流程,再进行PDCA循环,在临床中检测方法的有效性,从而不断提高助产质量,提高产妇的生活质量。结果 观察组产后会阴伤口愈合不良的发生率明显低于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(X₂=6.3421, p<0.05)。结论 通过QCC,可有效提高阴道分娩产妇伤口愈合率,减轻产妇的痛苦,提高了产妇的生活质量。     

Historically‐informed nursing: A transnational case study in China

The term ‘nurse’ (hushi—’caring scholar’) did not enter the Chinese language until the early 20th century. Modern nursing—a fundamentally Western notion popularized by Nightingale and introduced to China in 1884—profoundly changed the way care of the sick was practiced. For 65 years, until 1949, nursing developed in China as a transnational project, with Western and Chinese influences shaping the profession of nursing in ways that linger today. Co‐authored by Chinese, Canadian, and American nurses, this paper examines the early stages of nursing in one province of China as an exemplar of the transnational nature of nursing development. By identifying sociopolitical influences on the early development of nursing in Shandong, the authors aimed not only to contribute to the nascent body of knowledge on China nursing history, but also to heighten readers’ sensitivity to the existence of historical echoes, residue, and resonances in their own nursing practices. Tracing current issues, values, or practices back to their roots provides context and helps us to better understand the present. Whether we are aware of the details or not, the gestalt of nursing practice in a particular place has been shaped by its history—including in Shandong province in China.     

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome,Current Concepts and Treatment Options

Purpose of Review

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) refers to a chronic pain condition that is characterized by progressively worsening spontaneous regional pain without dermatomal distribution. The symptomatology includes pain out of proportion in time and severity to the inciting event. The purpose of this review is to present the most current information concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and therapy for CRPS.

Recent Findings

In recent years, discovery of pathophysiologic mechanisms of CRPS has led to significant strides in the understanding of the disease process.

Summary

Continued elucidation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms will allow for the development of more targeted and effective evidence-based therapy protocols. Further large clinical trials are needed to investigate mechanisms and treatment of the disorder.

     

Bioluminescence Imaging for Monitoring miR-200c Expression in Breast Cancer Cells and its Effects on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Progress in Living Animals

Purpose

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) are not only involved in the formation of malignant tumors but also in the processes of differentiation and aggressiveness. However, current methods for detecting miRNA expression have major disadvantages, such as being invasive and non-reproducible. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated as a pivotal event in the metastasis, stemness, and chemoresistance of malignant tumors.

Procedures

In our study, we constructed a new reporter gene, Luc2/tdT_miR200c_3TS, to examine the in vitro and in vivo expression of miR-200c, an EMT-associated miRNA. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the expression levels of miR-200c and EMT-related mRNA, and luciferase assay and bioluminescence imaging were used to measure the luciferase activities in vitro and in vivo, respectively.

Results

We found that the expression level of miR-200c was negatively associated with cell migration and invasion. Luciferase activities were regulated by the differential expression levels of miR-200c and EMT process.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that Luc2/tdT_miR200c_3TS may be a useful tool for monitoring the expression level of miR-200c at both the cellular level and in living animals, thereby providing a potential high-throughput approach for anticancer drug screening.

     

基于模型的多因子降维方法在基因-基因/环境交互作用分析中的应用

介绍一种基于模型的多因子降维方法(MB-MDR),并通过实例说明其分析流程及其在基因-基因/环境交互作用分析中的应用。结果显示该方法可用于原始样本量较小的资料研究,同时也能解决许多经典MDR方法的不足;与其他MDR扩展方法相比,在探索交互作用方面具有更高的统计效能,并已成功应用于膀胱癌、湿疹等研究。MB-MDR能够处理二元性状和数量性状,并可在模型中调整因子的边际效应和混杂因子,与其他非参数方法相比具有一定优势。因此MB-MDR在基因-基因/环境交互作用分析中具有较好的应用前景。     

孕期体重变化率与足月产新生儿体重关联剂量反应关系的研究

目的 探讨孕期体重变化率与足月产新生儿出生体重关联强度的剂量反应关系。方法 选取2006年1月至2013年12月江苏省昆山市围产保健监测系统18 868名孕产妇与足月产新生儿为研究对象。使用多因素logistic回归及限制性立方样条法分析产妇孕期体重变化率[即(末次产检体重-初次产检体重)/(末次产检孕周-初次产检孕周)]与足月产新生儿出生体重关联强度及其剂量反应关系。调整因素包括产妇年龄、教育程度、孕前BMI、户籍状态、经产妇、初次产检孕周与胎儿性别。结果 高水平的孕期体重变化率在孕前低BMI(OR=3.15, 95%CI: 1.40~7.07)、正常BMI(OR=3.64, 95%CI: 2.84~4.66)、超重(OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.71~3.27)的产妇中与分娩足月巨大儿有统计学关联;孕前低BMI(OR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.13~0.61)及正常BMI(OR=0.37, 95%CI: 0.22~0.64)产妇与分娩足月低体重儿有统计学关联。孕期体重变化率与分娩足月巨大儿的关联强度呈现非线性“S”形剂量反应关系(非线性检验P<0.000 1);与分娩足月低体重儿的关联强度呈“L”形非线性剂量反应关系(非线性检验P<0.000 1)。结论 孕期体重变化率与分娩足月低体重儿的关联强度呈现“L”形曲线, 而与分娩足月巨大儿的关联强度呈现“S”形曲线。     

超声与CT 联合诊断肾上腺占位病变的价值探讨

目的：探讨超声与C T联合应用诊断肾上腺占位性病变的价值。方法将病理证实的55例肾上腺肿瘤、2例囊肿及超声、C T随访确诊的13例肾上腺血肿,共70例占位性病变的超声与C T联合诊断作回顾性分析,并分别与超声、C T单项检查进行比较。结果70例肾上腺占位病变（嗜铬细胞瘤14例,髓样脂肪瘤13例,皮质腺瘤15例,皮质腺癌5例,淋巴瘤2例,转移性肿瘤6例,囊肿2例,血肿13例）,超声与C T联合应用定性诊断正确率达88．6％,而超声、C T 单项检查定性诊断正确率分别为62．8％、72．9％,联合应用与单项检查比较均有显著差异,与超声单项检查比较（χ2＝12．58,P＜0．05）,与C T单项检查比较（χ2＝5．55,P＜0．05）。结论超声与C T联合应用,可显著提高肾上腺占位性病变定性诊断正确率。