Differential Expression of PD-L1 Between Sporadic and VHL-Associated Hereditary Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features

Background

Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in several malignancies. However, the expression level and clinical significance of PD-L1 in von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)-associated hereditary clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear.

脑血管畸形致脑出血患者手术治疗效果观察

目的分析脑血管畸形致脑出血患者应用手术治疗的临床疗效。方法纳入本院2018年1月—2020年1月收治的60例脑血管畸形致脑出血患者,随机分组(每组样本容量共计30例),参照组给予保守治疗,观察组给予手术治疗,对比两组临床疗效、治疗前、治疗1月后NIHSS评分、住院时间。结果临床总有效率观察组(93.33%)明显高于参照组(63.33%),观察组治疗1月后NIHSS评分明显低于参照组,观察组住院时间明显比参照组短,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑血管畸形致脑出血患者采纳手术治疗,可有效减轻患者神经功能受损情况,缩短治疗时间。     

2017年全国中医药健康文化知识普及情况调查数据分析

持续追踪与分析全国中医药健康文化知识普及情况变化趋势,为制定中医药健康文化知识普及有关政策、策略和措施提供科学依据。该研究采用分层多阶段结合随机抽样方法,对全国(不包含西藏自治区和港、澳、台地区)30个省(自治区、直辖市)328个调查点15~69岁常住人口进行入户调查。研究采用《2017年全国中医药健康文化知识普及情况调查问卷》对调查对象接触、认知、信任和使用中医药健康文化知识的情况进行问卷调查。该研究共调查89 107人,有效问卷87 287份,有效率97.96%;其中城市人口占51.35%,农村人口占48.65%;男性占48.25%,女性占51.75%。2017年全国中医药健康文化知识普及率91.72%,阅读率89.61%,信任率89.60%,行动率55.53%。研究发现,年轻群体、高文化程度居民、未患慢性病群体的中医药健康文化知识普及情况更优。建议加强针对重点地区、重点人群的中医药健康文化普及工作,针对不同地区人群开展差异化中医药健康教育,内容与形式相结合,打好大众媒体组合拳。     

持续性颅内压监测在颅脑外伤治疗的效果探讨

目的对急性重型颅脑外伤患者在临床治疗中实施持续性颅内压监测的价值进行研究。方法选择本院在2017年8月—2018年8月期间收治的确诊为重型颅脑外伤的患者共计28例作为研究对象,按照硬币法将这些患者划分为两个小组,对照组14例,实验组14例。采用常规治疗方式对对照组加以治疗,采用持续性颅内压监测对实验组加以治疗,对两组患者的治疗效果进行比较。结果对照组的预后神经功能NHISS评分为(15.83±0.31)分、预后GOS评分为(3.19±0.15)分,实验组的预后神经功能NHISS评分为(11.18±0.45)分、预后GOS评分为(4.90±0.17)分。实验组预后神经功能NHISS评分、GOS评分均明显优于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在急性重型颅脑外伤患者的临床治疗中应用持续性颅内压监测具有重要作用,其能够对患者的治疗予以有效指导,提升患者的治疗效果。     

Variant analysis and genotype/phenotype association study in 42 Chinese patients with Bartter syndrome type 3

Objective To analyze the variants of 42 Chinese patients with Bartter syndrome type 3 (BS3) and explore the characteristics of genotype and phenotype. Methods Forty-two genetically diagnosed patients from 40 Han and one Hui families were collected in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and the Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University during the period of June 2012 to October 2018. The second-generation sequencing and multiplex ligase probe-dependent amplification (MLPA) technique were used to analyze the CLCNKB gene variation and its characteristics in children with BS3. The clinical data were collected, and the therapeutic effect and growth improvement were observed and followed up. Thirty eight patients were divided into severe (n=26) and light (n=12) groups according to the severity of genetic variation. The clinical phenotypic characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results Thirty-six variants including 16 novel ones of CLCNKB gene were found. The whole gene deletion of CLCNKB gene was the most frequent mutation (40%), and the rate of large deletions was up to 55%. The most common symptoms included development retardation (38/42), polydipsia and polyuria (35/42), constipation (31/42) and vomiting (27/42). All patients presented with hypokalemia, hypochloremia and metabolic alkalosis. After the medicine treatment that based on indomethacin and potassium chloride, most patients could achieve obvious recovery of growth rate and restoration of hypokalemia. The severe group showed more severe metabolic alkalosis than the light group. Conclusions Thirty-six variants of CLCNKB gene have been found in this study, including 16 novel ones, which enrich the human gene mutation database (HGMD) and provide valuable references to diagnosis, treatment and the genetic counseling of Chinese population.     

A rare case of monozygotic triplets with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Twins with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) have been widely studied. We report the first rare case of monozygotic triplets with DMD who shared consistent phenotypes, including delayed motor and language milestones, muscle wasting and weakness, joint contracture, and lumbar lordosis. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy revealed the similar muscle injury characteristics and dystrophin absence. Short tandem repeat analysis confirmed monozygosity. A de novo mutation (exon 49–52 deletion) was found in the triplets but not in their mother. Treatment included prednisone, idebenone, and rehabilitation management. At the 2-year follow-up, motor function had deteriorated, and muscle fatty infiltration was more extensive and severe. Our case offers a unique opportunity for genetic and therapeutic research. Furthermore, it highlights the critical role of genetic factors in DMD phenotypes and provides a potential choice for treatment observations.     

Impact of Multifocality and Multilocation of Positive Surgical Margin After Radical Prostatectomy on Predicting Oncological Outcome

Objective

To assess the impact of focality and location of positive surgical margins (PSM) on long-term outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCa), including biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis and overall mortality.

益气健脾方对老年慢性肾功能不全患者营养状况影响的临床研究及机制探讨

目的探讨益气健脾方对老年慢性肾功能不全患者营养状况的影响及作用机制。方法将60例老年慢性肾功能不全营养不良患者随机分为对照组和研究组,每组30例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组予以复方α-酮酸片每次2.52 mg,3次/d,口服;研究组在对照组基础上予以益气健脾方每次150 mL,2次/d,口服。两组患者均治疗3个月。比较两组间临床疗效、血清生化营养学指标水平、肾功能、血清炎症因子水平,及药物不良反应发生率。结果对照组总有效率66.67%(20/30)低于研究组总有效率90.00%(27/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,与对照组比较,研究组血清前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、转铁蛋白(TRF)水平较高,血清肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)水平较低,肾小球滤过率(GFR)水平较高,血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗过程中,两组出现的不良反应为恶心呕吐、食欲不振。研究组不良反应发生率为13.33%(4/30),对照组不良反应发生率为6.67%(2/30),两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论益气健脾方能有效改善老年慢性肾功能不全患者的营养状况,其作用可能与提高肾功能及缓解微炎症状态有关,而且具有较高安全性。     

胎盘前置剖宫产优质围术期护理对生产结局的影响

目的探究与分析胎盘前置剖宫产优质围术期护理措施的实施对胎儿生产结局的影响。方法选取本院自2016年5月—2019年5月收治的胎盘前置剖宫产患者68例,采取随机数字表法分为常规组与优化组,每组各34例,常规组给予基础的围术期护理措施,优化组在常规组的基础上建立并应用手术室信息平台优化护理人员技能,对比两组术中出血量、胎儿娩出时间、排气时间、住院时间、新生儿Apgar评分及护理满意度。结果优化组与常规组相比术中出血量少、胎儿娩出时间短、产妇排气时间短、住院时间短,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。优化组与常规组相比新生儿1 min Apgar评分及5 min Apgar评分均较高,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。优化组与常规组相比产妇对护理满意度较高,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在常规围术期护理的基础上建立并应用手术室信息平台优化护理人员技能应用于胎盘前置剖宫产中能够获得更好的围术期指标,缩短胎儿娩出的时间,新生儿Apgar评分较高,产妇对护理的满意度也较高。