Genetic diversities of 21 non-CODIS autosomal STRs of a Chinese Tibetan ethnic minority group in Lhasa

In the present study, we investigated 21 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D6S474, D12ATA63, D22S1045, D10S1248, D1S1677, D11S4463, D1S1627, D3S4529, D2S441, D6S1017, D4S2408, D19S433, D17S1301, D1GATA113, D18S853, D20S482, D14S1434, D9S1122, D2S1776, D10S1435, D5S2500), which are not included in the Combined DNA Index System and Amelogenin locus in 104 randomly selected healthy autochthonous individuals from the Tibetan ethnic minority group residing in the Lhasa region, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Allelic frequencies, common forensic statistical parameters, and the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in this population were calculated with a modified PowerState V12.xls. A total of 143 alleles were found in the Tibetan group with corresponding allelic frequencies ranging from 0.005 to 0.582. The observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, the power of discrimination, the power of exclusion, and the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.615 to 0.817, 0.559 to 0.787, 0.727 to 0.926, 0.310 to 0.632, and 0.488 to 0.760, respectively. Chi-square tests of the observed genotype frequencies and expected genotype frequencies in the samples showed no departure from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium at all loci except for D5S2500. Our results demonstrate that these 21 STRs are highly polymorphic and suitable for anthropological research, population genetics, and forensic paternity testing and human individual identification in this region, and can enrich Chinese ethnical genetic informational resources.     

ACO患者血清Fbg、FeNO、IgE水平变化与肺功能相关性研究

目的探讨支气管哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征(ACO)患者血清中纤维蛋白原(Fbg)、呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)的变化水平与肺功能的相关性。 方法选择2016年1月至2018年5月期间在我院接受治疗的支气管哮喘急性发作期患者56例,慢阻肺急性加重期患者51例,ACO急性加重期患者45例,同时选取50例健康者作为对照。检测受试对象的外周血嗜酸性粒细胞数量、Fbg和IgE水平、FeNO以及肺功能指标。采用Pearson相关性分析Fbg、FeNO、IgE与1 s用力呼气容积(FEV₁),FEV₁改善值,用力肺活量(FVC)的关系。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,并计算Fbg、FeNO、IgE指标曲线下面积(AUC)。 结果①三组患者嗜酸性粒细胞数量和血浆IgE水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);但是三组患者之间比较,未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。ACO患者血清Fbg水平高于哮喘组患者(P<0.05),FeNO检测值高于慢阻肺患者(P<0.05);②ACO患者FEV₁、FEV₁改善值和FVC值明显高于对照组和慢阻肺组受试者,但是FEV₁值高于哮喘组患者,而FEV₁改善值和FVC值低于哮喘组患者(P<0.05);③ACO患者血浆Fbg水平与FEV₁、FEV₁改善值和FVC值均呈负相关性(P<0.05),而FeNO值仅与FEV₁值呈负相关性(P<0.05)。而血浆IgE水平与FEV₁改善值呈正负关性(P<0.05);④经ROC曲线分析,Fbg、FeNO、IgE联合检测ROC曲线的AUC为0.892(95%CI：0.773-0.948),敏感性和特异性分别为89%和78%。 结论Fbg、FeNO和IgE与ACO患者肺功能指标密切相关,有助于临床鉴别ACO、支气管哮喘以及慢性阻塞性肺疾病。     

脊柱外科患者术后谵妄的临床分析

目的探讨脊柱外科手术患者术后发生谵妄的危险因素和有效防治措施。方法 2007年1月2009年10月应用ICU谵妄诊断的意识状态评估法观察1 835例脊柱外科术后患者。对于发生术后谵妄的患者随机分为治疗组和未治疗组,治疗组于谵妄诊断明确时即静脉注射氟哌利多5mg。结果术后3d,136例发生谵妄,谵妄发生率为7.41%。筛选出术后谵妄的可能高危因素包括高龄、术前合并高血压、术前合并糖尿病、术中出血量〉600mL、手术时间〉4h、术中应用激素、术后电解质紊乱和低氧血症、术后疼痛。发生谵妄的患者中,治疗组（68例）住院时间短于未治疗组（68例）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论高龄,术前合并高血压、糖尿病,术中出血量〉600mL,手术时间〉4h,术中应用激素,术后电解质紊乱、低氧血症及疼痛是脊柱外科手术患者术后发生谵妄的主要高危因素。氟哌利多治疗术后谵妄有效。     

一例抗磷脂综合征伴克罗恩病并发下肢深静脉血栓患者抗栓治疗分析

目的:分析1例抗磷脂综合征伴克罗恩病并发下肢深静脉血栓病例的治疗过程,探讨抗栓药物选择的合理性,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法:临床药师协助医师依据患者自身疾病特点及实验室指标评估血栓及出血风险,并制订最优的抗栓治疗方案.结果 和结论:患者初始抗栓药物为利伐沙班.临床药师根据循证医学证据建议换用华法林进行抗栓治疗,并针对...     

The effect of age and abstinence time on semen quality:a retrospective study

This study analyzed the effects of male age and abstinence time on semen quality and explored the best abstinence time for Chinese males among different age gro...     

A Rare Mode of Extensor Mechanism Failure in Total Knee Arthroplasty

We reported a rare mode of extensor mechanism failure in total knee arthroplasty. The patellar tendon was elongated and thin instead of disruption at the bone-tendon junction. We also described the surgical technique for reconstruction of patellar tendon. Patellar tendon was shortened by a precalculated amount. It was then augmented by autologous semitendinosus tendon graft and protected by tension band wire. Active full knee extension could be achieved at postoperative 10 months after the removal of wire loop.     

Hand numbness and carpal tunnel syndrome after volar plating of distal radius fracture

We report the incidence of late onset post-operative carpal tunnel syndrome (late carpal tunnel syndrome) and late median nerve neuropathy after volar plating of distal radius fracture by conducting a retrospective study on volar plating for distal radius fracture performed during 2002 to 2006. Two hundred eighty-two volar plating were performed for acute distal radius fracture after exclusion. Post-operative hand numbness occurred in 24 patients of which nine had carpal tunnel syndrome. Thus, the incidence of late carpal tunnel syndrome was 3.2% (9/282). Of the eight (8/24, 33%) patients with post-operative hand numbness that failed to respond to conservative treatment, five had carpal tunnel release and three had neurolysis of median nerve at distal forearm. All had clinical improvement except in one patient. The incidence of late carpal tunnel syndrome after volar plating of distal radius in the present series is similar to the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in general population. The incidence is low compared with other series, regardless of treatment method (conservative treatment, volar or dorsal plating). The outcome of post-operative hand numbness is generally favourable.     

基层医院开展新生血管性青光眼手术疗效观察

目的:探讨基层医院对中晚期新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)手术术式的选择和疗效观察。方法:选取20例21眼中晚期NVG患者,其中7例7眼行睫状体冷凝联合小梁切除术,11例12眼行全视视网膜联合睫状体冷凝术,2例2眼行睫状体冷凝联合涡静脉附近巩膜板层切除术。结果:术后所有患者疼痛症状明显好转,术后3mo眼压<24mmHg者19眼,2眼控制不稳定,最高时达28mmHg。视力5眼提高,14眼无变化,2眼眼球萎缩。所有患者虹膜新生血管全部消退。结论:在没有很好医疗条件的基层医院或患者经济条件不好的情况下,简易的手术方法同样可以解决患者的痛苦,挽救患者的眼球和有用视力,易于被患者接受。     

人防御素-5基因的克隆和真核表达载体的构建

目的对人防御素5(HD-5)基因进行克隆,构建真核表达载体HD5-pPICZαA。方法从人cDNA文库中PCR扩增HD-5基因片段,用EcoRⅠ和XbaⅠ分别双酶切HD-5基因扩增产物和毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA,用T4DNA连接酶连接目的基因片段和pPICZαA,然后转化到E.coli Top10中,Zeocin筛选转化子并进行PCR、酶切和序列鉴定。结果提取阳性克隆的重组质粒,EcoR Ⅰ和Xba Ⅰ双酶切后跑电泳获得预期条带;同时重组质粒经序列测定,证实HD-5基因正确插入pPICZαA中,插入位置、方向均正确。结论成功构建人防御素5基因的真核表达载体HD5-pPICZαA,为HD-5蛋白的真核真核表达奠定基础。