Characteristics of pain syndromes developing in rats upon interaction of two generators of pathologically enhanced excitation

Using rat models of a neuropathic and a central spinal pain syndrome, each of which is based on the formation of a generator of pathologically enhanced excitation, the authors explored how these syndromes develop when the two respective generators of pathologically enhanced excitation interact, and found that the interaction results in accelerated development and increased clinical manifestations of both syndromes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N^no 10, pp. 364–367, October, 1994     

无肝素血液透析时凝血及血小板功能的研究

对九名使用肝素有危险的维持性血液透析患者进行了12次血液透析。全部透析均采用C-DAK4000醋酸纤维膜。血液透析器和管道皆用生理盐水定期灌洗。在透析完成后,空心纤维血液透析器中没有血液凝固现象。血小板计数、用ADP和肾上腺素对血小板聚集、抗凝血酶Ⅲ和纤维蛋白元/纤维蛋白降解产物与透析前值比较无明显变化。纤维蛋白多肽A的水平透析前高出正常范围,在透析中进行性升高。这些结果表明对有高危出血的透析患者,无肝素血液透析是安全及有效的。     

Spontaneous activity and evoked potentials in the caudal trigeminal nucleus,ventrobasal thalamus,and cerebral cortex of rats with neuropathic trigeminal neuralgia

Incomplete compression of the infraorbital nerve in rats leads to spontaneous neuronal activity in the form of bursts in the caudal trigeminal nucleus and to epileptiform activity in the ventrobasal thalamus and cerebral cortex. From the latter, afterdischarges are also recorded. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 1, pp. 26–29, January, 1994     

Trigeminal neuralgia of neuropathic origin

Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Pain and Laboratory of General Pathology of the Microcirculation, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 112, No. 8, pp. 120–122, August, 1991.     

Electrical activity in dorsal horns of the spinal cord and in sensorimotor cortex in rats with the spinal pain syndrome

In rats with the spinal pain syndrome caused by penicillin application to the dorsal surface of lumbar segments of the spinal cord, the following changes in evoked potentials were observed in the dorsal horn in L₅ segment at the side of penicillin application: a marked increase in primary response and disappearance of the secondary hyperpolarization wave with its replaument by a high-amplitude and long depolarizing wave. In addition to these changes, repetitive spontaneous burst discharges were recorded in the corresponding region of the sensorimotor cortex. Thus, the pathogenic basis of the pain syndrome is a pathological algetic system formed of altered structures that belong to nociceptive apparatus in dorsal horn and higher subdivision of the pain sensory system. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 3, pp. 269–272, March, 1998     

Evaluation Criteria and Surgical Technique for Transoral Access to the Thyroid Gland: Experimental Study

ABSTRACT

Background: The development of endoscopic techniques motivated surgeons to search for alternative and more cosmetic approaches for thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Several variations of transoral access to the anterior neck areas were applied in recent years. One of them is a premandibular access proposed by Nakajo et al, it is performed through the oral vestibule by creating the working space by means of the lifting method. Materials and methods: Nineteen unfixed human cadavers were used to develop the endoscopic access to the thyroid gland and surgical techniques of its resection. The Nakajo access was modified by altering the spatial location of the working instruments, resulting in practically no impact on the cosmetic outcome but providing a more comfortable operation for the thyroid gland. We determined evaluation criteria of the cadaver model before initiation of the experimental trial. Parameters that influence on alteration of these criteria were registered. Results: Of the 19 operated objects, the first 7 were used to practice the access technique from the incision in the oral vestibule to the thyroid gland in order to evaluate the possibility of endoscopic dissection of the important anatomical. The next 12 surgeries were carried out by manipulating the thyroid gland in the settings maximally close to real. Access implied good cosmetic results, less surgical traumatic due to a smaller area of detachment of the musculocutaneous flap. Conclusions: The achieved results show feasibility of introducing the described modification of transoral thyroidectomy into clinical practice.     

Liver transplantation in a patient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome and Budd-Chiari syndrome

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thrombophilic disorder in which autoantibodies are produced to a variety of phospholipids determinants of cell membranes or phospholipid binding proteins. There are few reports about association between antiphospholipid antibodies and development of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). We report the case of BCS development in young Russian male with primary APS. The patient underwent orthotopic liver transplantation on August 26, 2012. At present time his state is good, the blood flow in the liver restored and its function is not impaired. We report about the first time the successful use of dabigatran etexilate for prolonged anticoagulation therapy in APS patient with BCS. In addition patient is managed with immunosuppressive drugs.