Technic for implantation of the Oreopoulos-Zellerman catheter in peritoneal dialysis

The continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is a routine measurement under certain circumstances in nephrological units, which is preferentially performed in patients who cannot be adapted to haemodialysis. Certain risks are inherent in this method. They are dependent on the patient himself as well as on measurement used. Typical complications are canalicular infections along the catheter loop, intra- and extraabdominal dislocations of the catheter tube, abdominal wall leaking and the CAPD-peritonitis. Our own patients are analyzed according to this aspect; the value of a standardized technique of implantation of the Oreopoulos-Zellermann-Catheter is described with regard to the reduction of surgical risks.     

Komplikationen nach resezierenden Eingriffen bei chronischer Pankreatitis

Zusammenfassung Es wird über Letalität und postoperative Komplikationen von 236 Patienten mit chronischer Pankreatitis berichtet, die in den Jahren 1967–1979 an der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Mainz resezierenden Pankreasoperationen unterzogen wurden. Die Frühletalität liegt bei 10,2 %, die Spätletalität (Nachbeobachtungszeit im Schnitt 3 Jahre 36 Wochen) aller Patienten bei 19,0 %. Die häufigsten intraoperativen und frühen Komplikationen waren Blutungen, bei den Späterkrankungen und Spättodesursachen stehen alkoholinduzierte Hepatopathien und deren Folgen im Vordergrund. Zu Nachoperationen zwangen Restpankreatitiden in 12 Fällen. Eine differenzierte Indikationsstellung unter Zuhilfenahme von Sonographie und Computertomographie ist nötig.

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Complications after resection in cases of chronic pancreatitis

Summary Mortality and post-operative complications are reported in 236 patients with chronic pancreatitis, who underwent pancreas resection in the Surgical Clinic of the University of Mainz between 1967 and 1979. Early mortality was 10.2 %, late death (average observation time: 3 years 36 weeks) occurred in 19.0 % of all patients. The most common intra-operative and early complication was haemorrhage, in later illnesses and deaths, alcohol-induced disorders of the liver and their consequences, played a large part. In 12 cases, persisting pancreatitis required further operation. Exact differentiation of the indications, with the aid of ultrasound and computed tomography, is necessary.

Herrn Prof. Dr. F. Kümmerle zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet     

In vivo effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on pial veins of cats

Cerebral blood volume and intracranial pressure may be modified by influences on cerebral veins. The known adrenergic innervation of cerebral veins and their sensitivity to norepinephrine raised the question, whether pial veins can be selectively influenced through adrenoceptors in vivo. Therefore, alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists were locally injected into the perivascular space of pial veins using the microapplication technique. The alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and yohimbine, had only minor effects on pial veins. Both antagonists blocked constrictions induced by norepinephrine (10(-5)M) in a concentration dependent manner (10(-7)-10(-4)M). The alpha 1 adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine caused significant (10(-7)-10(-3)M) constriction of pial veins, with a maximum of 11.6% of initial diameter at 10(-3)M. Oxymetazoline, an alpha 2 receptor agonist, induced a significant constriction only at 10(-3)M (5.1%). Since both alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists are less potent constrictors of pial veins than norepinephrine in vivo, a preferential use of alpha 1 or alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists cannot be recommended from these experiments, if a therapeutic reduction of intracranial pressure or blood volume is desired.     

Studies of [3H]-7-(3-Butynyl)theophylline by whole-body autoradiography (author's transl)

Studies of [³H]-7-(3-Butynyl)theophylline by Whole-Body Autoradiography The synthesis of [³H]-7-(3-butynyl)-theophylline is described. Whole-body autoradiography of Wistar rats after application of the compound shows a cumulation of radioactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid, in the vitreous body of the eye and in the intervertebral discs. Histologic analysis of the kidney showed a vacuolic structure and partial destruction of the cells in convoluted tubules I and II.     

Plaque-removing effect of a toothbrush, dental floss, and a toothpick

The ability of three different oral hygiene devices to remove 2-day-old bacterial deposits was evaluated on 21 young adults with healthy periodontia. On buccal tooth surfaces, the cleaning effect of a multitufted nylon brush was superior to that of a wooden toothpick or unwaxed dental floss. On lingual surfaces, the toothpick was as effective as the brush. On the visible portions of proximal surfaces, all three devices were equally efficient. A combined cleaning exercise with all three instruments together yielded significantly better results than did the use of each single device. Eight subjects were able to remove all disclosable deposits.