白藜三醇对血小板聚集反应的影响

目的　据报道 ,适量饮用红葡萄酒比其他酒精饮料更有益于预防动脉粥样硬化和冠心病 ,这种有益作用越来越多地被归功于红葡萄酒中的多酚类化合物 ,如白藜三醇 ,本研究旨在观察白藜三醇对离体和在体条件下血小板聚集反应的影响。方法　以凝血酶、二磷酸腺苷 (adenosinediphosphate ,ADP)、和胶原为诱导剂 ,采用Born氏法测定血小板聚集率。结果　离体条件下白藜三醇明显抑制凝血酶、ADP或胶原诱导的健康人的血小板聚集反应 ,作用呈剂量依赖性 ;高脂饮食造成的高胆固醇血症增强了ADP诱导的血小板的聚集反应 ;同时给予白藜三醇 (4mg·kg 1·d 1)虽未能降低血脂水平 ,但可以抑制高脂饮食对兔血小板聚集的增强作用。结论　白藜三醇在离体或在体条件下均具有抑制血小板聚集的作用 ,此作用可能为白藜三醇抗动脉粥样硬化的机制之一。     

The junctional parenchymal defect: a sonographic variant of renal anatomy

A triangular echogenic area in the upper pole renal parenchyma can be identified at times during routine sonography of the right kidney. Thirty such cases are presented. Occasionally similar echogenic defects in the parenchyma can be seen posteriorly in the lower pole and in the left kidney. These defects in the parenchyma result from normal extensions of the renal sinus of kidneys that have a distinct division of their upper and lower poles. This is due to partial fusion of two embryonic parenchymatous masses called renunculi. The defects in the parenchyma occur at the junction of the renunculi; hence we have termed them junctional parenchymal defects. In order to differentiate them from pathologic conditions, one must identify their characteristic location and demonstrate continuity with the renal sinus.     

Radioimmunoimaging of venous thrombi using iodine-131 monoclonal antibody

Murine monoclonal antibody (Mab) specific for the NH2-terminal region of human fibrin, but not cross-reactive with fibrinogen, was used in radioimmuno-imaging of fresh, induced venous thrombi in three dogs. Iodine-131-labeled Mab was injected intravenously, with iodine 125-labeled polyclonal murine gamma-G globulin (IgG) simultaneously injected as a control. Images were strongly positive at 24 and 48 hours in all three animals, with thrombus-to-blood and thrombus-to-muscle ratios of 8.4 and 228.0, respectively, for I-131-labeled Mab; these ratios for control IgG were 1.2 and 13.0. Radioimmunodetection of thrombi in vivo is feasible in dogs and may have clinical application since Mab is specific to human fibrin.     

Studies on long-lasting consequences of prenatal exposure to anticonvulsant drugs

Based on neonatal examination at birth, it has been estimated that epileptic women have a 2–3 times greater risk of giving birth to an infant with congenital anomalies. But anticonvulsant drugs may also have more subtle influences on the developing foetus which are not visible at birth but only emerge later in life. Evidence for these functional teratogenic influences has been provided by animal research and follow-up studies in young children. This article discusses these findings in human and animal studies. In addition, the outline of a study carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Neonatology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, is described. In this study cognitive functioning, fertility and gender role behaviour of young adults, who had been prenatally exposed to barbiturates and/or hydantoins was examined.