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91.
BACKGROUND: Direct evidence of coronary artery remodeling can be derived only from serial changes in the external elastic membrane (EEM) and plaque area. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of simvastatin on coronary remodeling in serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies. METHODS: In 39 male patients ECG-triggered transducer pullback IVUS was performed at baseline, after 3 months on a lipid-lowering diet (control period), and after another 12 months of simvastatin 40 mg/day. The lesion site was the image slice with maximum plaque burden at 3 months. RESULTS: Absolute changes in the EEM area correlated significantly with changes in plaque area during the control period [B = 0.966, r = 0.792 (95% CI 0.71-1.22); p < 0.001] and during simvastatin treatment [B = 0.945, r = 0.822 (95% CI 0.73-1.16); p < 0.001], but there was no significant difference in the slope (delta EEM/delta plaque) between the two time intervals. After 12 months of simvastatin, there was a significant reduction in the lesion EEM area of 4.6% (p = 0.006) and in the lesion plaque area of 5.9% (p < 0.001), but there was no change in reference measurements. As a result, the remodeling index was reduced by simvastatin from 1.01 +/- 0.12 to 0.95 +/- 0.09 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Simvastatin decreases the remodeling index by reducing lesion, but not reference plaque and EEM area. However, simvastatin does not affect direct evidence of remodeling (delta EEM/delta plaque) obtained using serial IVUS studies. 相似文献
92.
Cardiopulmonary ultrasound for critically ill adults improves diagnostic accuracy in a resource‐limited setting: the AFRICA trial
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93.
Susan Levenstein Rikke Kart Jacobsen Steffen Rosenstock Torben Jørgensen 《Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology》2017,52(9):954-961
Objective: To examine whether mental vulnerability, an enduring personality characteristic, predicts incident hospital-diagnosed ulcer over three decades.Materials and methods: A population-based cohort study enrolled 3365 subjects with no ulcer history, ages 30–60, in 1982–3. Mental vulnerability, Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies, socioeconomic status, and sleep duration were determined at baseline; non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug use, smoking, leisure time physical activity, and alcohol consumption both at baseline and in 1993–4. Hospital diagnoses of incident ulcer through 2011 were detected using the Danish National Patient Registry.Results: Ulcers were diagnosed in 166 subjects, including 83 complicated by bleeding or perforation. Age-, gender-, and socioeconomic status-adjusted associations were significant for mental vulnerability (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.0, 95% Confidence Interval 1.4–2.8), Helicobacter pylori (HR 1.7, CI 1.2–2.3), smoking (HR 2.0, CI 1.3–3.1), heavy drinking (HR 1.6, CI 1.1–2.4), abstinence (HR 1.6, CI 1.1–2.5), non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (HR 2.1, CI 1.5–3.0), and sedentary lifestyle (HR 1.9, CI 1.4–2.7). Adjusted for all behavioral mediators, the HR for mental vulnerability was 1.5 (CI 1.0–2.2, p?=?.04). Mental vulnerability raised risk in Helicobacter pylori seropositive subjects and those exposed to neither Helicobacter pylori nor non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs; its impact was virtually unchanged when analysis was limited to complicated ulcers.Conclusions: A vulnerable personality raises risk for hospital-diagnosed peptic ulcer, in part because of an association with health risk behaviors. Its impact is seen in ‘idiopathic’ and Helicobacter pylori-associated ulcers, and in acute surgical cases. 相似文献
94.
Tina Parkner Torben Laursen Jian-Wen Chen Marianne K. M?ller Henrik F. Thomsen Christina J?rgensen J?rgen S. Smedegaard Torsten Lauritzen Jens S. Christiansen 《Journal of diabetes science and technology》2007,1(5):704-710
Background
Basal continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy at a fixed rate may effectively improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes when oral antidiabetic treatment fails. Regimens of simple constant subcutaneous delivery of insulin may provide theoretical advantages in type 2 diabetes.Methods
Ten subjects with type 2 diabetes who obtained insufficient glycemic control on oral antidiabetic drugs were included. Following an initial control day, two periods of 3 days with CSII of a rapid-acting insulin analogue, 1.5 IU/h (dose obtained from a preceding study), for 8 hours overnight and for 24 hours, respectively, were carried out in random order. Profiles of serum insulin aspart, serum endogenous insulin, and plasma glucose were recorded.Results
Compared to the control day, an 8-hour overnight insulin infusion during a 3-day period improved fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mean differences ± SEM; Δ59.0 ± 10.1 mg/dl; p < 0.01) and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG) (Δ57.8 ± 10.6 mg/dl; p < 0.01) after breakfast. Compared to an 8-hour overnight infusion, a 24-hour infusion further improved all three PPPG values after breakfast, lunch, and dinner (Δ28.8 ± 8.1 mg/dl, Δ30.6 ± 8.1 mg/dl, and Δ35.1 ± 7.9 mg/dl; p < 0.01). During insulin infusion, only one hypoglycemic episode with PG <55.8 mg/dl and mild symptoms was recorded.Conclusion
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with a rapid-acting insulin analogue at a fixed rate of 1.5 IU/h, either overnight or for 24 hours, improved glycemic control without safety concerns in patients with type 2 diabetes who had secondary failure to oral antidiabetic drugs. The effect on FPG was similar for both treatments, whereas the effect on PPPG was superior when insulin was infused during the entire 24 hours. 相似文献95.
Anders Borglykke Charlotta Pisinger Torben Jørgensen Hans Ibsen 《The clinical respiratory journal》2008,2(3):158-165
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality. Smoking is the leading cause of COPD. Results from randomised trials regarding smoking cessation in hospitalised patients with COPD are few. Objectives: To assess the effect of smoking cessation groups (SCG) in patients with COPD admitted to hospital. Methods: Two hundred and twenty‐three patients admitted to hospital were assigned to either a control group (n = 102) or an intervention group (n = 121) by matter of vacancy. The smokers in the intervention group were offered participation in an SCG. Smoking status and change in self‐reported symptoms were assessed after 1 year. Smoking status was self‐reported and verified with carbohemoglobin measurement. Survival and hospital admissions were assessed after 5 years through national registers. Results: Forty‐eight patients participated in an SCG. After 1 year, 36 (30%) patients in the intervention group were abstinent compared with 13 (13%) patients in the control group [odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.83 (1.40–5.74)]. There was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group regarding change in self‐reported phlegm. There was a non‐significant tendency towards better survival in the intervention group (50.4%) compared with the control group (43.1%). After 3 years, the intervention group had a significantly fewer total number of days admitted to hospital and number of days hospitalised with COPD. Conclusion: This study shows that an intervention consisting of offering participation in an SCG to chronic patients makes it possible to obtain higher abstinence rates. Furthermore, this intervention showed impact on phlegm, survival and hospital readmissions. Please cite this paper as: Borglykke A, Pisinger C, Jørgensen T and Ibsen H. The effectiveness of smoking cessation groups offered to hospitalised patients with symptoms of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2008; 2: 158–165. 相似文献
96.
Yorck Olaf Schumacher Sebastian Ruthardt Michael Schmidt Christoph Ahlgrim Kai Roecker Torben Pottgiesser 《European journal of applied physiology》2009,105(5):779-785
The oxygen transport system is an important component in the limitation of endurance performance in able-bodied and paraplegic
athletes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the total haemoglobin mass (tHb, carbon monoxide rebreathing method)
and cardiac volume (HV, echocardiography) in 25 highly endurance trained male spinal cord injured (mainly paraplegic) athletes
(SCI-TRAINED) and to compare the results with those of 10 untrained spinal cord injured controls (SCI-UNTRAINED) and in 25
able-bodied elite endurance athletes (TRAINED). tHb and tHb/kg were higher in SCI-TRAINED than in SCI-UNTRAINED (748 ± 110
vs. 629 ± 209 g (464 ± 68 vs. 390 ± 130 mmol) (mean ± SD), P = 0.02 and 10.3 ± 1.3 vs. 7.9 ± 2.0 g/kg (6.4 ± 0.8 vs. 4.9 ± 1.2 mmol/kg), P < 0.0001), while HV and HV/kg showed no significant differences between the two groups (765 ± 93 vs. 793 ± 164 ml and 10.6 ± 1.4
vs. 10.3 ± 2.5 ml/kg). No difference between SCI-TRAINED and TRAINED was found for septal diameter (9.5 ± 1.0 mm vs. 9.7 ± 0.7 mm).
However, tHb and tHb/kg in SCI-TRAINED was lower than in TRAINED [896 ± 123 g (556 ± 76 mmol), P = 0.0003 and 12.6 ± 1.3 g/kg (7.8 ± 0.8 mmol), P < 0.0001]. In spinal cord injured athletes, tHb but not HV adapts moderately to chronic endurance exercise, although tHb
in spinal cord injured athletes does not reach the level of able-bodied-trained persons. 相似文献
97.
98.
Smoking Is a Risk Factor for Recurrence of Groin Hernia 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Sorensen LT Friis E Jorgensen T Vennits B Andersen BR Rasmussen GI Kjaergaard J 《World journal of surgery》2002,26(4):397-400
Studies of connective tissue from
patients with inguinal hernia have shown that smoking may be associated
with hernia formation due to a defective connective tissue metabolism.
Whether smoking is a risk factor for recurrence, too, was examined in
this study. From December 1990 through December 1995, 649 patients
underwent hernia repair as open sutured repair (Cooper ligament or
abdominal ring repair) or as open mesh repair. Five hundred forty-four
eligible patients were evaluated for recurrence 2 years
postoperatively. Association between recurrence and 17 patient-,
disease-, and intraoperative variables were analyzed by multiple
logistic regression. The results showed that smoking was significantly
and independently associated with recurrence compared to nonsmoking
[odds ratio (OR = 2.22; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) =
1.19–4.15)]. Open sutured repair compared to open mesh repair was the
most significant predictor for recurrence (OR = 7.23; 95% CI
= 3.01–17.37). Surprisingly, local anesthesia was associated with a
higher risk of recurrence compared to general anesthesia (OR =
2.44; 95% CI = 1.19–5.09). Potential confounders and other risk
factors for hernia recurrence such as age, alcohol consumption,
previous surgery, and anatomical characteristics of the hernia were
adjusted for in the analysis. In conclusion, smoking is an important
risk factor for recurrence of groin hernia, presumably due to an
abnormal connective tissue metabolism in smokers. 相似文献
99.
Roos N Leth T Jakobsen J Thilsted SH 《International journal of food sciences and nutrition》2002,53(5):425-437
Recognising the importance of fish in the Bangladeshi diet, the objective of the present study was to screen commonly consumed fish species for vitamin A content to evaluate the potential of fish as a vitamin A source in food-based strategies to combat vitamin A deficiency. Samples of 26 commonly consumed fish species and one crustacean were collected in Kishoreganj and Mymensingh, Bangladesh. To obtain edible parts, the fish were cleaned by Bangladeshi women according to traditional practices. Distribution of vitamin A in parts of the fish and the effect of the cleaning practices on the vitamin A content in#10; edible parts were assessed. The content of vitamin A compounds was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The vitamin A content in small fish ranged from 2680 retinol equivalents (RE)/100 g raw edible parts in mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) to 20 RE/100 g raw edible parts in chata (Colisa lalia; an alternative scientific name is Colisa lalius). The vitamin A content in cultured species, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), rui (Labeo rohita), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was low, <30 RE/100 g raw edible parts. In mola, 90% of the vitamin A was found in the eyes and viscera. The vitamin A content in the screened fish species was highly variable, by more than a factor of 100. The existence of commonly consumed fish in Bangladesh belonging to the categories of very high and high vitamin A content offers a great unexploited potential for food-based strategies to improve the vitamin A intake by promoting the production and consumption of these species. 相似文献
100.
Schou S Holmstrup P Jørgensen T Stoltze K Hjørting-Hansen E Wenzel A 《Clinical oral implants research》2003,14(4):391-403
The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of autogenous bone graft particles and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane in the treatment of peri-implantitis. The treatment outcome was evaluated by clinical and radiographic methods including quantitative digital subtraction radiography. A total of 64 implants with a titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS) surface was inserted in eight cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). After a 3-month healing period with plaque control, experimental peri-implantitis characterized by a bone loss of 4-6 mm was established during 14-22 months. Plaque control was then re-implemented and surgical treatment involving autogenous bone+membrane (B+M), autogenous bone (B), membrane (M), or a conventional flap procedure alone (control) (C) was performed. The animals were killed 6 months after treatment. Healthy peri-implant tissue was established irrespective of the applied surgical procedure. A mean bone gain of 4.7 mm was identified around implants treated with B+M, while, respectively, 4.0, 3.0, and 1.9 mm were recorded within the B, M, and C groups. Quantitative digital subtraction radiography confirmed considerable bone gain within defects treated with autogenous bone with or without membrane coverage. The bone gain, especially for defects treated with B+M, seemed to be almost to the level before development of peri-implantitis. By contrast, 38 and 25% of the defect was on average characterized by bone gain when, respectively, M or C was used alone. The present study of implants with a TPS surface in cynomolgus monkeys thus demonstrates considerable bone regeneration after treatment of experimental peri-implantitis with autogenous bone graft particles with or without ePTFE membrane coverage. Further stereologic and histologic evaluation of the treatment outcome is necessary before final conclusions about the effect of autogenous bone graft and ePTFE membrane can be made. 相似文献