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81.
Miyamoto M Kotani K Okada K Fujii Y Konno K Ishibashi S Taniguchi N 《Acta diabetologica》2012,49(1):63-68
The clinical significance of the diameter of the common carotid artery (CCA) measured ultrasonographically in diabetic practice
has not been sufficiently established. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the ultrasonic CCA
diameter with atherosclerotic measures and diabetic retinopathy as a microvascular complication in patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM). This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 102 patients with T2DM (men: 65%, mean age: 57 years)
who had no apparent carotid arterial stenosis and no history of cardiovascular or severe renal disease. The current smoking
status, body mass index, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and ultrasonic measures
of carotid arteries (CCA diameter, intima-media thickness (IMT), plaque score) were measured. The cardio-ankle vascular index
(CAVI) and the presence of diabetic retinopathy were also assessed. The CCA diameter showed a significant positive correlation
with the mean IMT or plaque score. The CAVI had a significant positive correlation with the mean IMT, plaque score, and CCA
diameter, while diabetic retinopathy had a significant positive correlation with the CCA diameter, but not the mean IMT or
plaque score. These results were unaltered after adjusting for multiple confounders. The CCA diameter may serve as a useful
marker for atherosclerosis and diabetic retinopathy, and in particular, may be a marker associated with diabetic retinopathy
more clearly than the carotid IMT and plaque score, in patients with T2DM. 相似文献
82.
83.
Ishii T Hagiwara K Ikeda S Arai T Mieno MN Kumasaka T Muramatsu M Sawabe M Gemma A Kida K 《COPD》2012,9(4):409-416
Surfactant protein D (SFTPD) is a lung-specific anti-inflammatory factor that antagonizes inflammation by inhibiting oxidative stress and stimulating innate immunity. Variations in SFTPA2 and SFTPB, genes for other surfactant proteins, have been associated with lung cancer. We therefore investigated associations between SFTPD variations and lung cancer as well as emphysema and interstitial pneumonia, which are characterized by chronic inflammation from which lung cancer often arises. DNA from 1342 autopsy samples, including those from 140 subjects with lung cancer, was investigated. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs721917, which results in methionine being exchanged for threonine at amino acid 11 (the Met11Thr variation), tended to be associated with emphysema and was associated with interstitial pneumonia and lung cancer. A haplotype analysis revealed that the haplotypes associated with emphysema and lung cancer differed from that associated with interstitial pneumonia, suggesting a differential role for SFTPD in the development of these diseases. A mediating analysis did not reveal a mediating effect exerted by emphysema or interstitial pneumonia on lung cancer. Our results suggested that SFTPD plays a role in the development of lung cancer and that the role for lung cancer may differ from that for interstitial pneumonia. 相似文献
84.
Yoshiaki Nagao Tsuneo Tatara Kimihiko Fujita Takashi Sugi Joji Kotani Munetaka Hirose 《Journal of anesthesia》2013,27(3):359-365
Purpose
Despite the importance of the inhibition of catabolic response to surgery, the effects of different anesthetic techniques on the catabolic response in surgical patients are controversial. This study compared the endocrine-metabolic responses and protein catabolism during gastrectomy in patients who received either sevoflurane or propofol anesthesia with remifentanil.Methods
Thirty-seven patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists status I–III) aged 20–79 years undergoing elective gastrectomy were randomly assigned to receive sevoflurane anesthesia with remifentanil (n = 19) or intravenous propofol anesthesia (Propofol-Lipuro® 1 %; B. Braun, Melshungen AG, Germany) with remifentanil (n = 18). Urine samples were collected every 1 h after skin incision (0 h) and the urinary 3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratio (3-MH/Cr ratio) was used as a marker of protein catabolism. Respiratory quotient was measured during a 1 h period following skin incision.Results
The 3-MH/Cr ratio significantly increased at 1–2 and 2–3 h compared to 0 and 0–1 h in both groups, but the propofol group exhibited a lower 3-MH/Cr ratio (nmol/μmol) than the sevoflurane group at 1–2 h (15.7 vs. 18.2, P = 0.012) and 2–3 h (15.9 vs. 18.1, P = 0.025). A difference was observed in the respiratory quotient between the sevoflurane and propofol groups (0.726 vs. 0.707, P = 0.003).Conclusion
A lower 3-MH/Cr ratio and a lower respiratory quotient during propofol anesthesia, compared to those exhibited during sevoflurane anesthesia, suggest that protein sparing probably occurs through the utilization of medium-chain triglycerides contained in the fat emulsion of propofol solution as a fuel source. 相似文献85.
Koji Yoshimoto Yukie Araki Toshiyuki Amano Kenichi Matsumoto Akira Nakamizo Tomio Sasaki 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2013
Objective
To obtain detailed insight into neuro-ophthalmological characteristics and pathophysiology of hemianoptic complications after occipital transtentorial surgery.Methods
We reviewed the cases of 14 patients surgically treated by the occipital transtentorial approach. Treated lesions included 6 posterior third ventricle tumors, including pineal and tectal lesions, 3 falco-tentorial meningiomas, and 5 superior cerebellar lesions. The surgeries were performed by the unilateral occipital transtentorial approach with patients in the prone position.Results
Visual functions were preoperatively normal in all patients. After surgery, 11 patients (79%) showed hemianoptic complications detected by a confrontation test in the immediate postoperative period. The condition began to improve in the early postoperative days. The visual field recovered completely in 6 patients within 10 days, 2 patients recovered within 3 months, and 3 patients complained of permanent visual field defects. Optometric neuro-ophthalmic evaluation in the early postoperative period failed to detect complete homonymous hemianopsia, but homonymous inferior quadrantanopia and scotomatous defects were observed in 6 patients. These visual field defects were permanent in 3 patients. Postoperative MRI showed no morphological abnormality except these three patients. Atrophic change of the occipital lobe with preservation of striate cortex was associated with persistent visual field defects in two patients. Cerebral blood flow evaluation by single photon emission computed tomography suggested that temporary local hyperperfusion of the retracted occipital region when visual field defect was present.Conclusion
Hemianoptic visual field defects can recover via inferior quadrantanopia or scotomatous defect. All of these defects are attributable to injury to the optic radiation as well to the occipital lobe. Hyperperfusion of the retracted occipital region may underlie the pathophysiology of hemianoptic complications after the occipital transtentorial approach. 相似文献86.
Fukaya T Gondaira T Kashiyae Y Kotani S Ishikura Y Fujikawa S Kiso Y Sakakibara M 《Neurobiology of aging》2007,28(8):1179-1186
Previous studies indicate that long-term dietary supplementation with arachidonic acid (AA) in 20-month-old rats (OA) effectively restores performance in a memory task and the induction of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus to the level of young control animals (YC). The present study examined protein mobility using the live cell imaging technique "Fluorescent Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP)" in YC, old control (OC) and OA neurons in hippocampal slice preparations. Three measures; mobile fraction (M(f)), diffusion constant (D) and time constant (tau), were estimated among YC, OC and OA. Each of these parameters was significantly different between OC and YC, suggesting that membrane fluidity is lower in OC than in YC. In contrast, D and tau were comparable in OA and YC, indicating that hippocampal neuronal membranes supplemented with AA were more fluid than those in OC, whereas the fraction of diffusible protein in the bleached region remained smaller than in YC. Long-term administration of AA to senescent rats might help to preserve membrane fluidity and maintain hippocampal plasticity. 相似文献
87.
Kawashima I Ohsawa M Fukushige T Nagayama Y Niida Y Kotani M Tajima Y Kanekura T Kanzaki T Sakuraba H 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》2007,378(1-2):142-146
BACKGROUND: In cultured fibroblasts from I-cell disease patients the transport of many lysosomal enzymes is defective, and affected cells contain inclusion bodies filled with undegraded substrates. However, the contents of these inclusion bodies have not been well characterized yet. We attempted to identify accumulated substances in cultured I-cell disease fibroblasts cytochemically. METHODS: Cultured fibroblasts from I-cell disease patients were double-stained with a monoclonal antibody to lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) and that to GM2 ganglioside, or a series of lectins that specifically bind to sugar moieties. RESULTS: The patients' cells were granularly stained with the antibody to GM2 ganglioside and the lectins including Maakia amurensis, Datura stramonium, and concanavalin A. Their localization was coincident with that of LAMP-1. CONCLUSIONS: GM2 ganglioside and various kinds of glycoconjugates having sialic acidalpha2-3galactose, galactosebeta1-4N-acetylglucosamine and mannose residues accumulate in enlarged lysosomes in I-cell disease fibroblasts. 相似文献
88.
Using serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), integrated-backscatter IVUS, and optical coherence tomography, we observed rapidly progressive cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and donor-transmitted plaque in the left anterior descending artery. Late-phase everolimus-resistant CAV had a rapidly progressive course (maximal intimal thickness [MIT] increased by 0.5 mm between years 3 and 4 after cardiac transplantation, from MIT growth <0.5 mm at year 1). Conversely, the donor-transmitted plaque grew slowly (0.1 mm increase during the same period). Tissue characteristics in the 2 segments were also different; CAV had eccentric, noncalcified, and lipid-rich components and was associated with macrophage accumulation, whereas donor-transmitted atherosclerosis presented with typical features of atherosclerosis (ie, fibrocalcific plaque). CAV with late-phase progression involves everolimus resistance and features of vulnerable plaques seen in nontransplantation patients and is independent of donor-transmitted atherosclerosis. 相似文献
89.
90.
Reduced inspiratory flow attenuates IL-8 release and MAPK activation of lung overstretch. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
M Kotani T Kotani Z Li R Silbajoris C A Piantadosi Y-C T Huang 《The European respiratory journal》2004,24(2):238-246
Lung overstretch involves mechanical factors, including large tidal volumes (VT), which induce inflammatory responses. The current authors hypothesised that inspiratory flow contributes to ventilator-induced inflammation. Buffer-perfused rabbit lungs were ventilated for 2 h with 21%, O2+5%, CO2, positive end-expiratory pressure of 2-3 cmH2O and randomly assigned to either: 1) normal VT (6 mL x kg(-1)) at respiratory rate (RR) 30, inspiration:expiration time ratio (I:E) 1:1, low inspiratory flow 6 mL x kg(-1) x s(-1); 2) large VT (12 mL x kg(-1)) at RR 30, I:E 1:1, high inspiratory flow 12 mL x kg(-1) x s(-1) (HRHF); 3) large VT at RR 15, I:E 1:1, low inspiratory flow 6 mL x kg(-1) x s(-1) (LRLF); or 4) large VT at RR 15, I:E 1:2.3, high inspiratory flow 10 mL x kg(-1) x s(-1) (LRHF). Physiological parameters, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-8 and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38 and stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)) were measured. HRHF increased weight gain, perfusate IL-8 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and SAPK/JNK. These responses were absent during LRLF but present during LRHF. Changes in TNF-alpha were small. Tissue IL-8 and phospho-ERK1/2 staining was localised primarily to smooth muscle, adventitia and bronchial epithelium within larger bronchioles and arterioles. These results indicate that mild overstretch of perfused lungs during high inspiratory flow enhances inflammatory signalling by cells in lung regions most affected by strong turbulent airflow. 相似文献