蒙药材黄花铁线莲抗肿瘤活性成分研究

目的:研究黄花铁线莲Clematis intricata干燥带花枝条中的抗肿瘤活性成分。方法:采用海虾幼虫致死实验为抗肿瘤活性追踪测试模型,硅胶、SephadexLH-20和制备型HPLC等色谱手段进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据结合理化性质鉴定化合物结构。结果:分离鉴定了7个黄酮,分别为芹菜素(1)、木犀草素-3’-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、芦丁(4)、山奈酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、芹菜素-7-O-(6″-E-p-香豆酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、芹菜素-6-C-(6″-E-p-香豆酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)。结论:7个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Reference values for pulmonary diffusing capacity for adult native Finns

Measurement standards for pulmonary diffusing capacity were updated in 2005 by the ATS/ERS Task Force. However, in Finland reference values published in 1982 by Viljanen et al. have been used to date. The main aim of this study was to produce updated reference models for single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide for Finnish adults. Single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was measured in 631 healthy non-smoking volunteers (41.5% male). Reference values for diffusing capacity (DLCO), alveolar volume (VA), diffusing capacity per unit of lung volume (DLCO/VA), and lung volumes were calculated using a linear regression model. Previously used Finnish reference values were found to produce too low predicted values, with mean predicted DLCO 111.0 and 104.4%, and DLCO/VA of 103.5 and 102.7% in males and females, respectively. With the European Coalition for Steel and Coal (ECSC) reference values there was a significant sex difference in DLCO/VA with mean predicted 105.4% in males and 92.8% in females (p?相似文献   

Chromosomal abnormalities in untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: associations with histology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcome. The Nebraska Lymphoma Study Group

We describe the chromosomal abnormalities found in 104 previously untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and the correlations of these abnormalities with disease characteristics. The cytogenetic method used was a 24- to 48-hour culture, followed by G- banding. Several significant associations were discovered. A trisomy 3 was correlated with high-grade NHL. In the patients with an immunoblastic NHL, an abnormal chromosome no. 3 or 6 was found significantly more frequently. As previously described, a t(14;18) was significantly correlated with a follicular growth pattern. Abnormalities on chromosome no. 17 were correlated with a diffuse histology and a shorter survival. A shorter survival was also correlated with a +5, +6, +18, all abnormalities on chromosome no. 5, or involvement of breakpoint 14q11-12. In a multivariate analysis, these chromosomal abnormalities appeared to be independent prognostic factors and correlated with survival more strongly than any traditional prognostic variable. Patients with a t(11;14)(q13;q32) had an elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Skin infiltration was correlated with abnormalities on 2p. Abnormalities involving breakpoints 6q11-16 were correlated with B symptoms. Patients with abnormalities involving breakpoints 3q21-25 and 13q21-24 had more frequent bulky disease. The correlations of certain clinical findings with specific chromosomal abnormalities might help unveil the pathogenetic mechanisms of NHL and tailor treatment regimens.     

Assessment of coronary flow reserve using fast velocity-encoded cine MR imaging: validation study using positron emission tomography

OBJECTIVE. Previous studies using intravascular Doppler sonography and positron emission tomography (PET) have shown that the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenosis can be evaluated by measuring coronary flow reserve. The purpose of this study was to assess whether MR imaging measurements of coronary flow reserve in the left anterior descending artery are comparable with those obtained with PET in the corresponding territory. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. MR imaging and PET flow measurements were obtained in 10 healthy volunteers. Blood flow velocity in the left anterior descending artery was measured with breath-hold velocity-encoded cine MR imaging before and after IV administration of dipyridamole. The coronary flow velocity reserve measured by MR imaging was compared with the myocardial perfusion reserve in the anterior myocardium quantified on using PET and (15)O-labeled water. RESULTS. The average flow velocity reserve in the left anterior descending artery measured on MR imaging was 2.44+/-1.14 in healthy volunteers, which was comparable with the myocardial perfusion reserve measured by PET (2.52+/-0.84). MR imaging and PET measurements of the coronary flow reserve showed a significant correlation (r = 0.79, p<0.01). CONCLUSION. MR imaging measurement of the flow velocity reserve in the proximal left anterior descending artery correlates well with the myocardial perfusion reserve obtained with PET and (15)O-labeled water.     

Assessing coronary sinus blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease: a comparison of phase-contrast MR imaging with positron emission tomography

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine whether MR imaging can be used to reliably measure global myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve in patients with coronary artery disease as compared with such measurements obtained by positron emission tomography (PET). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We measured myocardial blood flow first at baseline and then after dipyridamole-induced hyperemia in 20 patients with coronary artery disease. Myocardial blood flow as revealed by MR imaging was calculated by dividing coronary sinus flow by the left ventricular mass. Coronary flow reserve was calculated by dividing the rate of hyperemic flow by the rate of baseline flow. RESULTS: Using MR imaging, myocardial blood flow at baseline was 0.73 +/- 0.23 mL x min(-1) x g(-1), and at hyperemia the blood flow was 1.43 +/- 0.37 mL x min(-1) x g(-1), yielding an average coronary flow reserve of 1.99 +/- 0.47. Using PET, myocardial blood flow was 0.89 +/- 0.21 mL x min(-1) x g(-1) at baseline and 1.56 +/- 0.42 mL x min(-1) x g(-1) at hyperemia, yielding an average coronary flow reserve of 1.77 +/- 0.36. The correlation of myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve measurements for these two methods was an r of 0.80 (p < 0.01) and an r of 0.50 (p < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: This study shows that myocardial blood flow measurements obtained using MR imaging have a good correlation with corresponding PET measurements. Coronary flow reserve measurements obtained using MR imaging had only moderate correlation with PET-obtained measurements. Our results suggest that MR imaging flow quantification could potentially be used for measuring global myocardial blood flow in patients in whom interventional treatment for coronary artery disease is being evaluated.     

Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children

We evaluated a commercial immunoglobulin M (IgM)-capture immunoassay for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in 278 pediatric patients with community-acquired, radiographically defined pneumonia. Acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples were collected from all patients and were tested for M. pneumoniae-specific IgM and IgG antibodies by Platelia enzyme immunoassays (Sanofi Diagnostica Pasteur, Marnes la Coquette, France). Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected at the time of admission to the hospital. A total of 227 NPAs were subjected to the detection of M. pneumoniae DNA by PCR, and 191 NPAs were cultured by using the Pneumofast kit (International Mycoplasma, Signeswere, France). Southern hybridization of PCR products and the IgM test with solid-phase antigen (Serion Immunodiagnostica, Würzburg, Germany) were used for additional confirmation of a positive result, which required agreement of at least two different methods. A total of 24 (9%) confirmed diagnoses of mycoplasma infection were made, 5 (21%) of which were in children <5 years of age. Of the positive children, 24 of 24 (sensitivity, 100%) were positive by the IgM-capture test with convalescent-phase serum, 19 of 24 (79%) were positive by the IgM-capture test with acute-phase serum, 19 of 24 (79%) were positive by IgG serology, 10 of 20 (50%) were positive by PCR, and 8 of 17 (47%) were positive by culture. An additional 5 (of 254) children were positive by the Platelia IgM test alone (specificity, 98%). When the PCR with Southern hybridization result was combined with the IgM-capture test result with the acute-phase sera, the sensitivity of rapid laboratory diagnosis increased to 95%. In conclusion, the IgM serology test was the single most valuable tool for the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children of any age.     

蒙药益智温肾十味丸质量标准

目的:建立蒙药益智温肾十味丸的显微、薄层、理化鉴别方法和高效液相含量测定方法,提高其质量控制水平.方法:在显微镜下观察本品粉末,以种皮厚壁细胞、石细胞群和体壁碎片为指标,鉴别本品中益智、苦石莲、冬葵果和方海;提取挥发油,点样于硅胶GF254薄层板上,环己烷-乙酸乙酯(9∶1)展开,以标准药材为对照,鉴别本品中的益智;理化方法鉴别白硇砂中氯化铵和方海中碳酸钙.对荜茇中胡椒碱进行含量监控,用ODS填充的色谱柱,甲醇-水(77∶ 23)为流动相,343 nm波长下测定.结果:方法可有效鉴别本品中益智、苦石莲、冬葵果、方海和白硇砂5味药材,高效液相含量测定方法在0.040 4～0.282 8 μg线性良好(r=0.999 9),胡椒碱的平均回收率为98.1％,RSD 0.62％,含量限度为不得少于1.4 mg·g-1.结论:该方法可有效控制本品质量.     

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy in Port Harcourt

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, to consider the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of involved uropathogens, to elucidate the safety profiles of antibacterial agents, and to evaluate the role of urinalysis in screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria.MethodsAbout 760 apparently healthy pregnant subjects attending the Antenatal Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital were randomly selected for this study. Urinalysis and microscopy, culture, and sensitivity tests were carried out on clean-catch midstream urine samples obtained from subjects. Biochemical reagent strips were used for urinalysis while the standard wire loop and agar diffusion technique were respectively employed for culture and susceptibility testing.ResultsA total of 111 samples yielded moderate or severe growth on culture after 48 hours comprising 35, 31, 27, and 18 isolates of Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia spp, respectivehy. Urinalysis results were positive for the presence of nitrate reductase and leucocyte esterase activity in 17 urine samples of these 111 samples. The isolates showed a general sensitivity to the fluorinated quinolones and to Nitrofurantoin.ConclusionsThe prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria is 14.6%, with the predominant organism being Staphylococcus spp. Drugs used for treatment should have excellent fetal safety profiles, and a rapid screening test with a high negative predictive value for asymptomatic bacteriuria would be ideal.