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111.
Hale JD; Valk PE; Watts JC; Kaufman L; Crooks LE; Higgins CB; Deconinck F 《Radiology》1985,157(3):727-733
Multisection, dual-echo magnetic resonance (MR) transaxial images of blood vessels contain both anatomic and qualitative information about flow. Even so, the images are produced as a series of two-dimensional tomographic sections from which full visualization of connected structures is difficult. A computer algorithm was developed that automatically detects flowing blood based on pixel intensity and calculated T2 and provides reconstructed views of vessels while analyzing and displaying flow characteristics. Images of abdominal vessels, aortic aneurysms, and the heart were encoded by flow and color to demonstrate depth. In addition, these data were reconstructed to derive a more accurate assessment of patency. With this technique, transaxial images can be used to analyze flow patterns, determine patent areas, and visualize all levels of vessels in a single image. 相似文献
112.
Parathyroid adenomas evaluated by Tl-201/Tc-99m pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy and high-resolution ultrasonography 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Winzelberg GG; Hydovitz JD; O'Hara KR; Anderson KM; Turbiner E; Danowski TS; Lippe RD; Melada GA; Harrison AM 《Radiology》1985,155(1):231-235
Thallium-201/technetium-99m pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy of the parathyroid glands was performed in a prospective study of 33 patients who had undergone bilateral neck exploration for elevated serum calcium and serum parathyroid hormone levels. In 31 cases, the Tl-201/Tc-99m subtraction technique yielded an overall sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 99%, and accuracy of 94% for identifying solitary parathyroid adenomas. Tl-201/Tc-99m subtraction scintigraphy correctly identified 73% of parathyroid adenomas weighing less than 499 mg, 79% of those weighing 500-1,499 mg, and 100% of adenomas weighing more than 1,500 mg. In a subgroup of 24 patients with solitary parathyroid adenomas who underwent both scintigraphy and high-resolution sonography, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of both procedures were similar. 相似文献
113.
L?LimEmail author P?Gibbs D?Yip JD?Shapiro R?Dowling D?Smith A?Little W?Bailey M?Liechtenstein 《BMC cancer》2005,5(1):132
Background
To prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective internal radiation (SIR) spheres in patients with inoperable liver metastases from colorectal cancer who have failed 5FU based chemotherapy. 相似文献114.
BACKGROUND: Dermatologic surgical techniques have transformed cosmetic surgery over the last two decades. Many of the advances in cutaneous laser surgery, botulinum toxin injections, tumescent liposuction, and the latest filler agents have been evaluated on willing volunteers as part of organized trials under the auspices of an Institutional Review Board (IRB). OBJECTIVES: To review the developmental history of today's IRB and to provide relevance to cosmetic dermatologic research. RESULTS: Although an IRB must evaluate the "voluntariness" of a proposed research protocol, the risk-benefit ratio, particularly of elective cosmetic dermatologic surgical human studies, is of even greater importance. CONCLUSION: As more dermatologic surgeons become involved in clinical research, an understanding of the function and purpose of the IRB has become increasingly important. Research relating to cosmetic dermatologic procedures raises challenging and perplexing problems for an IRB. 相似文献
115.
Joseph M. Desmond JD 《Journal of healthcare risk management》2008,28(1):19-26
Due in part to the historical increase in large compensatory awards and punitive damages in jury verdicts in medical malpractice/long‐term care cases and the concomitant increase in the costs of defending these claims, healthcare providers have sought to reduce litigation costs and avoid exposure to runaway jury verdicts in medical malpractice trials by implementing arbitration agreements in healthcare admission contracts. Risk managers should be aware of the evolving law in this area and recognize that a successful arbitration program requires a commitment to ensuring that the program is administered in accordance with evolving laws. 相似文献
116.
National Quality Forum safe‐practice guidelines encourage hospitals to integrate disclosure, patient safety and risk management activities. Combining collaborative law with a patient safety program in a parallel process makes it possible to achieve this integration. This combination provides for physician‐led guidance in determining whether disclosure is required — and, if so, provides mentor assistance with actual disclosure. It offers proactive error prevention by offering a means to quickly utilize information to make safety changes. Additionally, the combination provides an opportunity to access collaborative law at a time when it is still possible to resolve issues without resort to litigation. 相似文献
117.
Cefalu WT; Wagner JD; Bell-Farrow AD; Edwards IJ; Terry JG; Weindruch R; Kemnitz JW 《Toxicological sciences》1999,52(2):49-55
Caloric restriction (CR) has been observed to retard aging processes and
extend the maximum life span in rodents. In an effort to evaluate the
effect of this nutritional intervention on physiologic variables in higher
species, several nonhuman primate trials are ongoing. In particular, a
study evaluating the independent effect of CR on the extent of
atherosclerosis was initiated in 1993 in 32 adult cynomolgus monkeys.
Therefore, the trial was designed to achieve identical cholesterol intake
after animals were randomized to a control group or a calorie-restricted
group (30% reduction from baseline caloric intake). The animals were
routinely evaluated for glycated proteins, plasma insulin and glucose
levels, insulin sensitivity, and specific measures for abdominal fat
distribution by CT scans over a 4-year interval. The results from 4 years
of intervention demonstrate that CR improves cardiovascular risk factors
(such as visceral fat accumulation) and improves insulin sensitivity. In
contrast to other primate studies with normolipidemic animals, CR had no
independent effects on plasma lipid levels and composition in the presence
of equivalent amounts of dietary cholesterol intake. Preliminary analysis
of atherosclerotic lesion extent in the abdominal aorta has failed to
demonstrate differences between control animals and CR animals. Follow- up
studies are being conducted to determine the effect of CR on
atherosclerosis extent in coronary and carotid arteries.
相似文献
118.
NJ Hoogenraad JD Mitchell NA Don TM Sutherland AC Mc Leay 《Archives of disease in childhood》1980,55(4):292-295
The activity of urea cycle enzymes was assayed in duodenal biopsy specimens obtained from a female infant who presented with neonatal hyperammonaemia. All enzyme levels were normal except N-acetyl glutamate-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) which was half the mean activity in normal control specimens. A similar deficiency of CPS1 was also shown in duodenal specimens from the patient's mother who became slightly symptomatic after relatively high protein meals and during pregnancy, and had spontaneously modified her diet to one with protein restriction. The patient is growing normally on a dietary regimen similar to that spontaneously adopted by her mother. Urea cycle enzyme activity in the duodenal biopsy material from the controls was similar to that found in the normal human liver and appears to have distinct advantages as a means of assaying for urea cycle defects in patients with hyperammonaemia and their relatives. 相似文献
119.
RC Johnson FRCS AR Hedges MS FRCS R Morris FFARCS JD Stamatakis MS FRCS 《International journal of clinical practice》1999,53(1):16-18
In a previous report the effectiveness of intraperitoneal bupivacaine in reducing pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy was demonstrated. Other methods of pain relief are commonly used but none has been compared following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In two further studies we have compared the analgesic effect of intraperitoneal bupivacaine against wound infiltration with bupivacaine, and against intraperitoneal bupivacaine with the addition of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Two consecutive studies were performed. In the first, patients in group 1 were given 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine into the peritoneal cavity; patients in group 2 were given 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine injected into the trocar wounds. In the second study, patients in group 1 were given 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine into the peritoneal cavity; patients in group 2 were given 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine into the peritoneal cavity and a diclofenac suppository (100 mg) one hour before surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed with a visual analogue pain scale. There was no difference in pain scores in the two groups in either study. Intraperitoneal bupivacaine is as effective as wound infiltration. The addition of an NSAID makes no difference in the reduction of postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 相似文献
120.
Centrilobular emphysema: CT-pathologic correlation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Foster WL Jr; Pratt PC; Roggli VL; Godwin JD; Halvorsen RA Jr; Putman CE 《Radiology》1986,159(1):27-32
Over a 5-year period, 25 patients who had undergone chest computed tomography (CT) died and were autopsied. Their lungs were fixed in the inflated state and were assessed for the presence and severity of centrilobular emphysema (CLE). Three radiologists independently evaluated the CT scans for nonperipheral low-attenuation areas, peripheral low-attenuation areas, pulmonary vascular pruning, pulmonary vascular distortion, and pulmonary density gradient. The CT criterion that best correlated with the presence and severity of CLE was the nonperipheral low-attenuation area. With this CT criterion, lung destruction was correctly identified in 13 of 15 cases. The absence of this criterion resulted in correct identification of eight of ten normal lungs. These preliminary data suggest that CLE can be reliably identified and quantified with current CT scanners. 相似文献