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Work in progress: [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography in the evaluation of radiation necrosis of the brain 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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B. H. Tindle 《The American journal of pathology》1984,116(1):119-174
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The effect of adjuvant on induction of human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and immunoglobulin G (IgG)2a antibody was studied in C57BL/6 J mice immunized with various adjuvants and E7 protein. Quil-A adjuvant, but not complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or Algammulin, induced a T-helper 1 (Th1)-type response to E7, which was characterized by CTL activity against a tumour cell line transfected with E7 protein and by E7-specific IgG2a . All tested adjuvants elicited comparable levels of E7-specific IgG1 . The longest duration and greatest magnitude of CTL response was seen following two immunizations with the highest dose of E7 and Quil-A. Simultaneous immunization with a Th1 and a T helper 2 (Th2)-promoting adjuvant gave a Th1-type response. However, E7 and Quil-A were unable to induce a Th1-type response (as measured by the inability to generate anti-E7 IgG2a antibody) in animals with a pre-existing Th2-type response to E7. These results suggest that saponin adjuvants may be suitable for immunotherapy in humans where a Th1-type response is sought, provided that there is no pre-existing Th2-type response to the antigen. 相似文献
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Nondaily intermittent smokers (ITS) are common, but their cessation behavior remains elusive. We examined cessation of native-ITS (n = 2040), converted-ITS (n = 1808), and daily smokers (DS; n = 25 344). All ITS were more likely than were DS to make a quit attempt (native-ITS adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.42, 1.80; converted-ITS AOR = 3.33, 95% CI = 2.93, 3.78). Native-ITS (18%) and converted-ITS (27%) were more likely than were DS (13%) to quit smoking (native-ITS AOR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.07, 1.67; converted-ITS AOR = 2.36, 95% CI = 2.01, 2.78), but the low cessation rates of ITS challenge their nonaddicted status. 相似文献
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Thomas Ylioja Gerald Cochran Yuchiao Chang Hilary A. Tindle Nancy A. Rigotti 《Substance Abuse》2017,38(4):493-497
Background: Hospitalization presents a window of opportunity to treat smoking, and hospital-initiated smoking treatment has demonstrated effectiveness. Despite effective interventions, not all smokers will discontinue use, highlighting the need to better understand which patients achieve cessation. Traditional regression methods may not capture the complexity of inpatient smoker subgroups. Methods: Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted with data from 397 hospitalized adult cigarette smokers enrolled in a randomized trial. Six categorical indicator variables known to impact cessation were selected to estimate subgroups: health conditions (smoking-related disease [SRD], depressive symptoms, positive screen for alcohol problems) and smoking-related variables (time to first cigarette, cigarettes/day, smoking indoors). The probability of achieving biologically verified 7-day tobacco cessation 6 months after discharged was estimated. Results: A 3-class model best fit the trial data: a Light Smokers subgroup had lower probability for most indicators; a High Health Burden subgroup had high smoking behavior probabilities and similar health problems to the Light Smokers subgroup; and a Heavy Smoking Drinking Depressed subgroup had high nicotine dependence, depressive symptoms, and alcohol misuse probabilities. Probability of biologically verified cessation conditional on class membership was significantly higher (P < .001) for the High Health Burden and the Light Smokers subgroups compared with the Heavy Smoking Drinking Depressed subgroup. Conclusion: Results suggest that subgroups with lower probabilities of alcohol misuse and depression and higher probability of SRD had higher probability of successful cessation after hospital discharge. Hospitalized patients with nicotine dependence combined with behavioral and mental health problems have additional cessation barriers that may require intervention focus. 相似文献
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人参皂甙诱导的造血细胞内信号传递途径的研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
目的探讨人参皂甙(GS)刺激造血祖细胞增殖有关的细胞内信号传递途径。方法采用Northern印迹杂交法、电泳带移动阻滞实验、抗体胶结合移动实验和紫外放射交联实验。结果NorthernBlot显示经GS诱导的人巨核细胞株CHRF288、Meg01和MO7e细胞的GATA2mRNA水平增高,分别是未经处理细胞的1.84,2.43和1.52倍。但GATA1mRNA表达水平低,且GS处理前后也无明显变化。电泳带移动阻滞实验提示GS诱导的细胞核内GATA转录调控蛋白与特定的DNA序列结合的活性增高。抗体胶结合移动实验证实与DNA结合的主要成分为GATA2蛋白,紫外放射交联实验确定该复合物的相对分子质量约为50×103,符合GATA2转录调控蛋白。结论GS诱导细胞内的信号传递途径与转录因子GATA2有关,GATA2有介导GS刺激造血细胞增殖的作用。 相似文献
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