全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1457篇 |
免费 | 146篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 7篇 |
儿科学 | 79篇 |
妇产科学 | 30篇 |
基础医学 | 141篇 |
口腔科学 | 38篇 |
临床医学 | 141篇 |
内科学 | 268篇 |
皮肤病学 | 12篇 |
神经病学 | 64篇 |
特种医学 | 150篇 |
外科学 | 96篇 |
综合类 | 63篇 |
预防医学 | 111篇 |
眼科学 | 210篇 |
药学 | 101篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 95篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 45篇 |
2020年 | 28篇 |
2019年 | 33篇 |
2018年 | 48篇 |
2017年 | 29篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 54篇 |
2014年 | 80篇 |
2013年 | 83篇 |
2012年 | 83篇 |
2011年 | 88篇 |
2010年 | 48篇 |
2009年 | 52篇 |
2008年 | 90篇 |
2007年 | 71篇 |
2006年 | 71篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 42篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 39篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 43篇 |
1997年 | 36篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 33篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 16篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1610条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
Kobkan Thongprasom Tin Panyawaraphon Thanapat Pathomkulmai Sahaphon Hungsaprug 《Acta stomatologica Croatica》2015,49(3):214-220
Background
Medications have been increasingly used by patients for the treatment of their systemic diseases. However, many drugs are reported to induce oral lichenoid lesions (OLL).Aim
The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between OLL, medications, and folate and vitamin B12 levels.Material and Methods
Twenty Thai patients who were diagnosed with OLL by clinical and histopathological examination were included in this study. These subjects were compared with 24 healthy control subjects. Complete blood counts, hemoglobin typing, serum and red cell folate, and serum vitamin B12 levels were investigated. The medications taken and the systemic diseases of the Thai patients with OLL were recorded and analyzed.Results
Our results showed that only 1/20 patients with OLL (5%) had low red cell folate and only 1 case showed a low level of serum folate. Vitamin B12 levels were within normal range in both groups. There were no significant differences in red cell folate, serum folate, or vitamin B12 levels between the patients with OLL and the control group (p>0.05). Four cases in OLL and 3 cases in the control group had low hematocrit less than 36% and they were defined as anemic.Conclusion
Antihypertensives and hypolipidemics were the most common medications taken by patients with OLL; however, these drugs had no effect on red cell folate, serum folate, or vitamin B12 levels. Since the patients were taking multiple drugs and we could not confirm the diagnosis of OLDR by withdrawal of the drugs, we used the term OLL related drug instead.Key words: folate, lichenoid, medication, oral, Thai, vitamin B12 相似文献43.
Dr. Calogero Cammà MD Felice Fiorello MD Fabio Tinè MD Giulio Marchesini MD Andrea Fabbri MD Luigi Pagliaro 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1993,38(5):916-922
The efficacy and side effects of lactitol in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy was compared to that of other disaccharides in a meta-analysis of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The outcomes assessed were: (1) the rate of patients free from episodes of clinically detectable encephalopathy, and (2) the rate of patients free from one or more side effects in the different treatment groups. Four RCTs were eligible for analysis; in three lactitol was compared to lactulose, in one the alternative treatment was lactose in lactase-deficient patients. The methodological quality of these studies was high. Meta-analysis showed that lactitol was as effective as other disaccharides in the treatment of encephalopathy: pooled odds ratio was 0.83, 95% confidence interval was 0.38–1.82. Results were not sensitive to the use of alternative methods of counting and attributing events in these trials. Patients experienced fewer side effects during treatment with lactitol, but the pooled odds ratio was not statistically significant. In all studies lactitol was considered more palatable. Clinical effectiveness of lactitol, in long-term treatment of chronic encephalopathy, is similar to those of lactulose. It seems that lactitol has lower side effects than lactulose. Future RCTs with a double-blind design could be mainly aimed at evaluating the side-effect profile of the two disaccharides.This work was supported by grants from the Zyma S. A. 相似文献
44.
Jennifer Sze Man Mak Terence T. Lao Maran Bo Wah Leung Cathy Hoi Sze Chung Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung Lai Ping Cheung Tin‐Chiu Li 《Journal of viral hepatitis》2020,27(2):110-117
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be found in ovarian tissues. This study compared HBV DNA levels in follicular fluid collected during oocyte retrieval with paired serum samples in HBV carriers after ovarian stimulation during IVF treatment for infertility. Sixty‐four HBV carrier women referred to the Assisted Reproductive Units of two Hong Kong hospitals were recruited. At oocyte retrieval, the follicular fluid aspirated from the first follicle was collected for study. In 22 women, the first follicular fluid sample from both ovaries was similarly collected and studied. These women were also tested for liver function test and HBeAg. In 28 (43.8%) women, HBV DNA was detected in follicular fluid and the level correlated with serum levels (Spearman's correlation P < .001). There was concordant detection of HBV DNA in both ovaries, and the levels were significantly correlated (Spearman's correlation P = .029). In 40% of women with FF HBV DNA, the follicular fluid:serum ratio was >1.0, suggesting stimulation of HBV replication. These women also had significantly different liver function test results. Increased HBV replication exists in 40% of women with HBV DNA detected in follicular undergoing ovarian stimulation during IVF treatment. 相似文献
45.
46.
Devender Bhalla Achille Edem Tchalla Benoît Marin Edgard Brice Ngoungou Chong Tin Tan Pierre‐Marie Preux 《Epilepsia》2014,55(9):1317-1321
Is epilepsy truly an “African ailment”? We aimed to determine this, since international health agencies often refer to epilepsy as an African disease and the scientific literature has spoken the same tone. Various published materials, mainly reports, articles, were used to gather Asian and African evidence on various aspects of epilepsy and many of its risk and associated factors. Our results suggest that in no way can epilepsy be considered as an African ailment and such characterization is most likely based on popular beliefs rather than scientific evidence. In comparison to Africa, Asia has a 5.0% greater burden from all diseases, and is 17.0% more affected from neuropsychiatric disorders (that include epilepsy). Given that more countries in Asia are transitioning, there may be large demographic and lifestyle changes in the near future. However these changes are nowhere close to those expected in Africa. Moreover, 23 million Asians have epilepsy in comparison to 3.3 million Africans and 1.2 million sub‐Saharan Africans. In comparison to Africa, Asia has more untreated patients, 55.0% more additional epilepsy cases every year, because of its larger population, with greater treatment cost and possibly higher premature mortality. Of several associated factors discussed herein, many have more importance for Asia than Africa. The current state of epilepsy in Asia is far less than ideal and there is an urgent need to recognize and accept the importance of epilepsy in Asia. In no way can epilepsy be considered as an African ailment. This is most likely based on popular beliefs rather than scientific evidence. A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here . 相似文献
47.
Atherosclerosis initiated by hyperlipidemia is modulated by immune cells in its development, progression, and rupture that results in thrombotic arterial occlusion leading to strokes and myocardial infarction. B cells initially thought to be atheroprotective provide opposing roles by their different subsets. Unlike B2 cells that are atherogenic, serosal B1a cells are atheroprotective by producing natural IgM antibodies that clear modified low-density lipoprotein and apoptotic and necrotic debris. In addition to natural IgM antibodies, B1a cells may act as regulatory B cells by producing the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10, which inhibits proinflammatory cytokines secreted by activated macrophages and T cells in atherosclerotic lesions. These findings suggest in vivo expansion of atheroprotective B1a cells as a potential therapeutic strategy to augment the benefits of lipid-lowering statin therapy. 相似文献
48.
Background: Computed tomography (CT) of the brain in delirium investigation has a low yield of identifiable causes. We sought to identify the best clinical predictors of an intracranial cause of delirium. Methods: We performed a case–control study of patients admitted to a delirium unit. Clinical factors of patients with positive findings on scans were compared with those without demonstrated causes. The main outcome measure was intracranial abnormalities accountable for the cause of delirium. Results: During 18 months, there were 300 admissions to the unit. Mean age of patients was 86.6 years. Among 200 patients who proceeded to CT scanning, only 29 demonstrated intracranial pathology accountable for the cause of delirium, with a yield of 14.5%. There were 13 patients with ischaemic stroke, seven with subdural haemorrhage and nine with intracerebral haemorrhage. In multivariate analysis, new neurological deficits (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 18.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.99–55.15), recent falls history (adjusted OR 5.58, 95% CI 1.90–16.42) and decline in conscious level (adjusted OR 4.58, 95% CI 1.33–15.79) were predictors of clinically meaningful radiological findings. Twenty‐six of the 29 patients with scans had these three predictors with a sensitivity of 89.7% (95% CI 78.6–100%). Conclusion: We identified a history of recent fall as a new independent predictor for clinically relevant intracranial pathology in delirious patients, besides new neurological deficits and decline in conscious state. A flow chart incorporating CT head scanning as part of delirium investigation is proposed. 相似文献
49.
Wai Leng Chow Veena D Joshi Aung Soe Tin Saskia van der Erf Jeremy Fung Yen Lim Teck Sin Swah Stephanie Swee Hong Teo Paul Soo Chye Goh Gilbert Choon Seng Tan Crystal Lim Terence Yi-shern Kee 《BMC nephrology》2012,13(1):1-12
Background
Kidney disease is the 9th leading cause of death in Singapore. While preventive effects have focused on early detection and education, little is known about the knowledge level of chronic kidney disease (CKD) locally. We seek to evaluate the knowledge of CKD among primary care patients.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of 1520 patients from 3 primary care centers. Those with existing CKD or on dialysis were excluded. Knowledge was assessed based on 7 questions on CKD in the self-administered questionnaire. One point was given for each correct answer with a maximum of 7 points.Results
1435 completed all 7 questions on CKD. Mean age was 48.9 ±15.0 (SD) years. 50.9% were male. 62.3% had a secondary and below education and 52.4% had a monthly household income of????$2000. 43.7% had chronic diseases. Mean score was 3.44?±?1.53 (out of a maximum of 7). Median score was 4. In multivariate logistic regression, being older {>60?years [Odds Ratio (OR) 0.50, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.32-0.79]; 40?C60?years (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43,0.89)}, less educated [up to primary education (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.22-0.49)], having a lower monthly household income [<S$2000 (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.26-0.66); S$2000-4999 (OR 0.53, 95%CI, 0.33-0.83)], and being non-professionals [OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.43-0.99] (all p?<?0.05)] were likely to score less.Conclusion
This suggests that CKD education should be targeted at older patients with lower education and lower socioeconomic status. 相似文献50.