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91.
Most core areas of anti-doping research exploit and rely on analytical chemistry, applied to studies aiming at further improving the test methods' analytical sensitivity, the assays' comprehensiveness, the interpretation of metabolic profiles and patterns, but also at facilitating the differentiation of natural/endogenous substances from structurally identical but synthetically derived compounds and comprehending the athlete's exposome. Further, a continuously growing number of advantages of complementary matrices such as dried blood spots have been identified and transferred from research to sports drug testing routine applications, with an overall gain of valuable additions to the anti-doping field. In this edition of the annual banned-substance review, literature on recent developments in anti-doping published between October 2020 and September 2021 is summarized and discussed, particularly focusing on human doping controls and potential applications of new testing strategies to substances and methods of doping specified in the World Anti-Doping Agency's 2021 Prohibited List. 相似文献
92.
Matteo Brucoli Paolo Boffano Andrea Pezzana Arnaldo Benech Pierre Corre Helios Bertin Petia Pechalova Nikolai Pavlov Petko Petrov Tiia Tamme Andrey Kopchak Anna Romanova Eugen Shuminsky Emil Dediol Marko Tarle Vitomir S. Konstantinovic Drago Jelovac K. Hakki Karagozoglu Tymour Forouzanfar 《Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2019,77(4):791.e1-791.e7
93.
Effective questioning helps preschoolers to reason verbally during philosophical group discussions. The aim of this study was to identify which researcher’s questions preschoolers respond to with verbal reasoning during such discussions. The data were collected through video-recorded group discussions. A total of 1567 questions and 1119 verbal reasons were analysed using mixed-methods. The findings showed that during 20 philosophical group discussions, researchers asked three types of questions: (1) open-ended questions (45.64%) with four functions: Initiating, interpretation, process, and speculative; (2) closed-ended questions (30.5%) with two functions: Yes/No, choice; and (3) off discussion questions (23.86%). Results indicate that the preschoolers yielded proportionally the most verbal reasons at different levels (association based on reality; connection between the words; sense-making explanation) in response to interpretation, process and Yes/No questions. 相似文献
94.
Tiia Istolahti Antti Eranti Heini Huhtala Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen Mika Kähönen Terho Lehtimäki 《Annals of medicine》2020,52(3-4):63-73
AbstractIntroduction: Partial and advanced interatrial block (IAB) in the electrocardiographic (ECG) represents inter-atrial conduction delay. IAB is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke in the general population.Material and methods: A representative sample of Finnish subjects (n?=?6354) aged over 30?years (mean: 52.2?years, standard deviation: 14.6) underwent a health examination including a 12-lead ECG. Five different IAB groups based on automatic measurements were compared to normal P waves using multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model. Follow-up lasted up to 15?years.Results: The prevalence of advanced and partial IAB was 1.0% and 9.7%, respectively. In the multivariate model, both advanced (hazard ratio (HR): 1.63 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00?2.65)) and partial IAB (HR: 1.39 (1.09?1.77)) were associated with increased risk of AF. Advanced IAB was associated with increased risk of stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) independently of associated AF (HR: 2.22 (1.20?4.13)). Partial IAB was also associated with increased risk of being diagnosed with coronary heart disease (HR: 1.26 (1.01?1.58)).Discussion: IAB is a rather frequent finding in the general population. IAB is a risk factor for AF and is associated with an increased risk of stroke or TIA independently of associated AF.
- Key messages
Both partial and advanced interatrial block are associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation in the general population.
Advanced interatrial block is an independent risk factor for stroke and transient ischaemic attack.
The clinical significance of interatrial block is dependent on the subtype classification.
95.
96.
Within the mosaic display of international anti‐doping efforts, analytical strategies based on up‐to‐date instrumentation as well as most recent information about physiology, pharmacology, metabolism, etc., of prohibited substances and methods of doping are indispensable. The continuous emergence of new chemical entities and the identification of arguably beneficial effects of established or even obsolete drugs on endurance, strength, and regeneration, necessitate frequent and adequate adaptations of sports drug testing procedures. These largely rely on exploiting new technologies, extending the substance coverage of existing test protocols, and generating new insights into metabolism, distribution, and elimination of compounds prohibited by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA). In reference of the content of the 2014 Prohibited List, literature concerning human sports drug testing that was published between October 2013 and September 2014 is summarized and reviewed in this annual banned‐substance review, with particular emphasis on analytical approaches and their contribution to enhanced doping controls. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
97.
Tiigimäe-Saar Janne Tamme Tiia Rosenthal Marika Kadastik-Eerme Liis Taba Pille 《Neurological sciences》2018,39(5):871-877
Neurological Sciences - Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are compromised by poor oral condition due to oropharyngeal bradykinesia, dysphagia, and the side effects of treatment.... 相似文献
98.
Kelvin Ramirez Cuevas Cline Schobinger Emeric Gottardo Sven Christian Voss Tiia Kuuranne Jean‐Daniel Tissot Bernard Favrat Nathan Townsend Nicolas Leuenberger 《Drug testing and analysis》2020,12(2):261-267
Erythroferrone (ERFE) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by erythroblasts in response to erythropoietin stimulation. ERFE suppresses the hepatic synthesis of the master iron‐regulatory hormone, hepcidin. The impact of erythropoiesis stimulation on ERFE secretion in humans is poorly understood. This paucity of information is due in part to the lack of available means for ERFE quantification in serum samples. The present study tested a new sensitive sandwich immunoassay for human ERFE. This assay was used to demonstrate that injection of various erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) increased the blood ERFE levels in healthy volunteers. After exogenous stimulation of erythropoiesis, ERFE increased up to 8‐fold with a detection window of 13 days. The impact of one unit of blood withdrawal on erythropoiesis stimulation of ERFE was also tested. ERFE significantly increased after blood withdrawal in subjects injected with both iron and saline solution, suggesting that iron supplementation did not mask the ERFE increase after blood withdrawal. The effects of exercise‐induced muscle damage on ERFE was assessed by comparing ERFE levels with creatine kinase levels in samples from subjects with heavy exercise loads, and determined that this was not a confounder. The ERFE assay is a sensitive means to investigate the connection between iron metabolism and erythropoiesis in humans, and to detect ESA abuse in the antidoping field. 相似文献
99.
Olga Žilina Tiia Reimand Pille Tammur Vallo Tillmann Ants Kurg Katrin Õunap 《European journal of medical genetics》2013,56(4):202-206
The recent implementation of array techniques in research and clinical practice has revealed the existence of recurrent reciprocal deletions and duplications in several genome loci. The most intriguing feature is that some reciprocal genomic events can result in opposite phenotypic outcome. One of such examples is 5q35.2-q35.3. Deletions in this locus lead to Sotos syndrome characterized by childhood overgrowth with advanced bone age, craniofacial dysmorphic features including macrocephaly, and learning difficulties; while duplications have been proposed to manifest in opposite phenotype related to growth. Here, we report a patient with 5q35.2-q35.3 duplication and compare her clinical phenotype with five previously described cases. Short stature since the birth, microcephaly, brachydactyly, delayed bone age, mild to moderate intellectual disability and mild facial dysmorphism seem to be characteristic features of 5q35.2-q35.3 duplication. 相似文献
100.