基层艾滋病抗体初筛实验室网络化管理探索

目的 发挥海岛地区艾滋病抗体初筛实验室的网络作用，提高初筛检验人员的业务素质，规范初筛实验室的管理，确保检测结果的准确，为当地政府制定艾滋病防制策略提供科学依据。方法完善初筛实验室的网络体系，理顺初筛中心实验室与各初筛实验室的业务关系，规范初筛实验室的内部管理制度，培训初筛实验室检验人员。结果初筛实验室网络体系形成、关系理顺，检测行为更加规范，检验人员业务素质和检测质量明显提高。结论对艾滋病初筛实验室实施网络化管理，是提高海岛地区基层艾滋病抗体初筛实验室检测质量的有效途径。     

四台大中型医疗设备维修实录

飞利浦SL--18型医用直线加速器、美国GE数字胃肠机及监视器、AGFA阿可法服务器、AGFA阿可法一体激光相机的常见故障及维修.     

修复贝尔克血透机同一报警编码不同故障原因的故障

重庆市中医研究院医疗器械维修小组在维修贝尔克(Bellco)公司的formula(tm)型血液透析机压力传感器的不同故障中的心得体会.     

芪棱汤对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后核因子-κB表达的影响

目的观察芪棱汤对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后核因子-κ B(NF-κ B)表达的影响.方法雄性 SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组及治疗组,除正常组外其余各组按再灌注的时间又随机分为 1、 3、 6、 12、 24、 48和 72h共 21个亚组;采用颈内动脉线栓与环扎法建立 MCAO模型.在术前 12、 24h及术后即刻治疗组予腹腔注射芪棱汤精制液,余组给予等体积生理盐水.动物杀检前进行神经学评分;采用免疫组化二步法检测再灌注各时点 NF-κ B p65和 ICAM- 1的表达.结果正常组和假手术组神经学评分正常,治疗组神经学评分较模型组显著降低. NF-κ B p65在正常组和假手术组有微弱表达,两组情况相近;模型组和治疗组 NF-κ B p65表达较假手组明显增加,但治疗组表达低于对照组. ICAM- 1在正常组和假手术组未见表达,治疗组和模型组表达增加,与模型组相比,治疗组 ICAM- 1表达显著减少.结论芪棱汤可降低 NT-κ B和 ICAM- 1的表达,可能是其抗脑缺血再灌注损伤的部分作用机制.     

栀子对类风湿性关节炎大鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响

目的:研究中药栀子对类风湿性关节炎大鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响,进一步探讨该药物的作用机制.方法:建立Ⅱ型胶原蛋白诱导大鼠类风湿性关节炎模型;口服栀子浸膏,观察药物对实验性大鼠足肿胀的抑制作用;检测药物对大鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响.结果:与模型组比较,栀子浸膏可以剂量依赖性抑制大鼠足肿胀的程度(P＜0.01);用药后,给药组血清IL-1β和TNF-α水平明显低于模型组(P＜0.01).结论:栀子浸膏在类风湿性关节炎大鼠中可以下调致炎因子IL-1β和TNF-α的水平,提示这可能与该药抑制实验性类风湿性关节炎病情进展密切相关.     

Endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 induce the expression of c-FOS immunoreactivity in the rat brain

Using FOS immunoreactivity (FOSir) as an anatomical marker of neuronal activation, we examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of endomorphin-1 (EM-1) and endomorphin-2 (EM-2) in the rat brain to determine the sites of action of these two mu-opioid ligands. Radiant heat tail flick latency, as a measure of behavioral effects, was prolonged by either EM-1 or EM-2 administration. Dose-dependent EM-1- and EM-2-induced FOSir were observed in various nuclei throughout the rostral-caudal axis of the rat brain. While there was some overlap, EM-1-induced FOSir was more prevalent than EM-2. The pattern of EM-induced FOSir was similar to the distribution of EM immunoreactivity (EMir). However, some sites with little or no detectable EMir exhibited FOSir, while other nuclei with marked EMir showed only sparse FOSir. EM-induced FOSir was correlated with mu-opioid receptor location in most brain areas. However, EM-induced FOSir was absent in the caudate putamen and the accumbens nucleus, both areas of high mu-opioid receptor density.     

Expression of a synapse-associated membrane protein, P84/SHPS-1, and its ligand, IAP/CD47, in mouse retina

P84 and integrin associated protein (IAP) are heterophilic binding partners that are expressed in the central nervous system in addition to a variety of other tissues. Both molecules are known to be involved in cell signaling in nonneural tissues. In the retina, both molecules are expressed prominently in plexiform layers, suggesting a possible association with synapses. Here, we examined the cellular expression and ultrastructural localization of the two molecules in the developing mouse retina. Both appeared to be expressed at one or both sides of synaptic sites, although the expression of IAP in the retina precedes that of P84. Examination of transgenic IAP-null retinae revealed a failure of P84 to become associated with synaptic sites, suggesting the interaction of P84 with IAP was necessary for P84's synaptic localization. These findings suggest that the signaling activities of P84 and IAP are localized to sites of synaptic contact in the retina. Thus this pair of synapse-associated molecules represents a bidirectional signaling system that could function to modify synaptic activity or possibly trophic interactions between central neurons.     

Application of breath-hold T2-weighted, first-pass perfusion and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging for assessment of myocardial viability in a pig model

The purpose of this study was to correlate the abnormal signal area on various magnetic resonance (MR) images to the infarct area on pathologic examination and to assess the myocardial viability on the basis of MR images. T2-weighted, first-pass perfusion, and delayed gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images were used as "one-stop examinations" in a pig model of reperfused myocardial infarction. The results of each MR image were compared with those of 2,3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The abnormal signal areas on T2-weighted and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted images were larger than the infarct areas on TTC staining (34.7% and 32.3% vs. 28.3%; P< 0.05), whereas the nonperfused areas on perfusion images were correlated (25.6% vs, 28.3%; P = 0.139). Electron microscopic examination showed severely distorted ultrastructures in the infarct areas and mildly damaged ultrastructures in the peri-infarct areas. Perfusion images probably reflected the infarct areas, whereas T2-weighted and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted images seemed to include peri-infarct as well as infarct areas.     

平肝熄风汤对脑出血大鼠海马细胞色素C氧化酶活性和细胞凋亡影响同步研究

目的 从神经元线粒体能量代谢和细胞凋亡的角度探讨中药复方的平肝熄风汤对脑出血神经元损伤的保护作用机制。方法 采用Ⅶ型胶原酶诱导大鼠脑出血模型，以组织化学方法结合灰度值半定量测定细胞色素C氧化酶(cytochromc c oxidase，CCO)活性，采用Tunel法检测细胞凋亡结果造模12h，脑出血大鼠海马CA1区CCO活性较假手术组明显降低(P＜0.01)，凋亡细胞较假手术组明显增多(P＜0．01)随后均呈进行性加重。用平肝熄风汤治疗后町维持其CCO活性，减少细胞凋亡。结论 脑出血神经元损伤与神经元CCO活性降低及细胞凋亡有关平肝熄风汤能维持线粒体关键酶CCO活性，改善细胞有氧代谢，减少细胞凋亡，此可能为本方对脑出血继发性神经元损伤保护机制之一。     

共轭亚油酸对肥胖大鼠PPARγ基因表达及血清瘦素水平的影响

目的　研究不同剂量共轭亚油酸 (CLA)对饮食诱导肥胖大鼠PPARγ基因、瘦素、血糖、血脂的影响。方法　选用雄性Wistar大鼠 ,随机分为对照组、高脂组、高脂 +CLA组 (每 10 0g饲料含CLA分别为 0 75g、1 5 0g、3 0 0g) ,于第 12周末处死动物 ,计算脂 体比 ,测定大鼠血糖、血脂及瘦素水平 ,并应用RT PCR的方法检测大鼠白色脂肪组织过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)的表达水平。结果　CLA可降低肥胖大鼠血糖、甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (TC)及瘦素水平 ,增加脂肪组织PPARγmRNA的表达水平。结论　CLA可降低肥胖大鼠血糖、血脂 ,并可通过激活PPARγ下调瘦素水平 ,有改善肥胖大鼠的瘦素抵抗作用。