Correction to: Gyral-sulcal contrast in intrinsic functional brain networks across task performances

Brain Imaging and Behavior - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-020-00426-z     

局部晚期直肠癌新辅助调强放化疗后腹腔镜手术I 期研究

目的 评估局部晚期直肠癌新辅助调强放化疗后腹腔镜手术的安全性及有效性。方法 选择24例病理确诊II～III 期的直肠腺癌患者,原发病灶及转移淋巴结外放1cm 予放疗,剂量55Gy,每次2.2Gy,盆腔放疗剂量为45Gy,每次1.8Gy。卡培他滨化疗按每日500、750、1 000、1 250、1 650、1 800 及2 000 mg/m2 共7 个剂量梯度（每个梯度3 例）爬坡进行,于放疗d1-14 及d22-35口服。观察患者的剂量限制性毒性。放化疗后6～8 周内行腹腔镜下直肠癌全系膜切除术。结果 在卡培他滨第1 至第4 剂量梯度未见剂量限制性毒性出现。在第5 剂量梯度组中1 例出现3 级腹泻,新入组3例患者无剂量限制性毒性发生。在第6剂量梯度,2 例患者分别出现3级腹泻和3级放射性皮炎,故第5梯度卡培他滨剂量[1 650mg/（m2·d）]被推荐为进一步研究使用剂量。24 例患者手术均达R0切除,5 例（20.8%）到达病理完全缓解。术后出现会阴部感染及肠梗阻各1 例,术后30d无死亡病例。结论 直肠癌新辅助调强放化疗后腹腔镜手术治疗安全有效,推荐新辅助治疗中卡培他滨剂量为1 650mg/（m2·d）。     

肛周脓肿局部组织及外周血中IL-22 的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨细胞因子IL-22 在肛周脓肿局部组织及外周血中的表达和意义。方法 选取50例肛周脓肿患者（肛周 脓肿组）和50例无感染的混合痔患者（对照组）,两组患者均行手术治疗,并术中留取病变组织标本。术后观察患者转归,免疫组织化学法检测IL-22 表达、RT-PCR 法检测外周血单核细胞中IL-22 mRNA 的表达,观察IL-22 表达的变化及其与患者临床病理特征之间的关系。结果 IL-22在肛周脓肿组的表达阳性率高于对照组（P＜0.01）;肛周脓肿组根据不同转归分为治愈组、脓肿复发组、肛痿组,3 组患者IL-22 表达阳性率比较,治愈组显著降低,而肛瘘组最高（P＜0.01）。肛周脓肿组外周血单核细胞中IL-22 mRNA表达水平显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）;在肛周脓肿组中随着疾病的进展,肛瘘组患者外周血单核细胞中IL-22 mRNA表达水平显著高于治愈组（P＜0.01）。肛周脓肿组中IL-22的表达与患者性别、年龄均无关（均P ＞0.05）,而与脓肿直径（P＜0.01）、创面愈合时间（P＜0.05） 及进展为肛瘘有关（P＜0.05）。结论 IL-22在肛周脓肿局部组织及外周血中表达增强,在其发病机制中起了重要作用。     

Label‐free molecular probe based on G‐quadruplex and strand displacement for sensitive and selective detection and naked eye discrimination of exon 2 deletion of AIMP2

Exon 2 deletion of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex‐interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2) is a genetic deletion related to various cancers, for instance ovarian and lung cancers. It can be worked as an indicator of cancer for diagnosis of diseases. Here, we developed a label‐free method based on the formation of split G‐quadruplex in the presence of target DNA combined with strand displacement to detect exon 2 deletion of AIMP2 (DE2) sensitively and selectively. This method is easy‐operating and cost‐saving. Moreover, it has observed discrimination of gene deletion from wild‐types by naked eyes. The results demonstrate that this strategy can be further used for the detection of different gene deletions to achieve early diagnosis of diseases and allow better prognosis.     

眼眶转移癌18例临床分析

目的 探讨眼眶转移癌临床表现、原发癌肿部位、治疗转归等特点.方法 回顾性分析2003年7月至2012年12月于我院神经外科住院,经手术和病理明确诊断的,肿瘤达眶尖或累及邻近颅内结构,需行开颅术式进行治疗的18例眼眶转移癌患者,总结其临床表现特点、原发肿瘤部位及治疗效果.结果 18例眼眶转移癌患者均接受外科手术治疗.其中原发癌来自肝癌者4例,肺癌者3例,乳腺癌者2例,肾癌者2例,胃癌者2例,结肠癌、鼻咽癌、甲状腺癌、黑色素瘤及多发性骨髓瘤者各1例.主要临床表现为视力下降、眼球突出、疼痛、眼动障碍等.手术治疗后患者疼痛、眼球突出症状有一定程度缓解.结论 眼眶转移癌发病率低,难以早期诊断;临床中需注意仔细查找原发病灶,并在病史、临床表现、影像学特点等方面与其他眼眶肿瘤进行鉴别,便于准确诊断及选择积极合理治疗方式;该病总体预后差,手术目的为明确诊断、减轻肿瘤负荷、缓解症状,延长患者生命、改善其生存质量.     

Awake language mapping and 3-Tesla intraoperative MRI-guided volumetric resection for gliomas in language areas

The use of both awake surgery and intraoperative MRI (iMRI) has been reported to optimize the maximal safe resection of gliomas. However, there has been little research into combining these two demanding procedures. We report our unique experience with, and methodology of, awake surgery in a movable iMRI system, and we quantitatively evaluate the contribution of the combination on the extent of resection (EOR) and functional outcome of patients with gliomas involving language areas. From March 2011 to November 2011, 30 consecutive patients who underwent awake surgery with iMRI guidance were prospectively investigated. The EOR was assessed by volumetric analysis. Language assessment was conducted before surgery and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery using the Aphasia Battery of Chinese. Awake language mapping integrated with 3.0 Tesla iMRI was safely performed for all patients. An additional resection was conducted in 11 of 30 patients (36.7%) after iMRI. The median EOR significantly increased from 92.5% (range, 75.1–97.0%) to 100% (range, 92.6–100%) as a result of iMRI (p < 0.01). Gross total resection was achieved in 18 patients (60.0%), and in seven of those patients (23.3%), the gross total resection could be attributed to iMRI. A total of 12 patients (40.0%) suffered from transient language deficits; however, only one (3.3%) patient developed a permanent deficit. This study demonstrates the potential utility of combining awake craniotomy with iMRI; it is safe and reliable to perform awake surgery using a movable iMRI.     

运动疗法对高血压病患者心室重构的效果评价

探讨运动疗法治疗高血压病的效果及对心室重构指标的影响。选取高血压患者血压控制不佳者共 90例,随机分为2组。对照组仅采用常规药物治疗;观察组则在常规药物治疗的基础上,测定个体运动负荷,确定个体化的运动方式、运动强度、运动时间、运动频率,制定相应的运动处方。治疗6个月后,观察组患者的血压（BP）、室间隔厚度（IVS）、左室后壁厚度（LVPW）和左室舒张末期内径（LVDd）均较对照组降低（P＜0.05）;2组患者均无明显不良反应。运动疗法治疗高血压病是有效和安全的。     

Comparison of the properties of collagen–chitosan scaffolds after γ-ray irradiation and carbodiimide cross-linking

The property of collagen–chitosan porous scaffold varies according to cross-linking density and scaffold composition. This study was designed to compare the properties of collagen–chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time. Eleven sets of collagen–chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to confirm the success of cross-linking in the scaffolds. The scaffold morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM revealed that chitosan was an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold. The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than those of alternative scaffolds. Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds. Mechanical property determines the orientation in γ-irradiation and CAR scaffold. In vitro degradation test indicated that γ-irradiation and CAR cross-linking can elevate the scaffold biocompatibility. Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen–chitosan scaffolds. CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.     

Renal vectorial transport of berberine mediated by organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 (MATE1) in rats

Berberine, a well‐known plant alkaloid derived from Rhizoma coptidis, has potential applications as a therapeutic drug for diabetic nephropathy. However, the transporter‐mediated renal transport of berberine remains largely unclear. This study aimed to investigate the renal transport mechanism of berberine using transfected cells, kidney slices and animal experiments. In Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells stably expressing rat OCT2 (MDCK‐rOCT2) and kidney slices, saturable and non‐saturable uptake of berberine was observed, and corticosterone could inhibit the uptake of berberine, with IC₅₀ values of 0.1 μm and 147.9 μm , respectively. In double‐transfected cells, the cellular accumulation of berberine into MDCK‐rOCT2 and MDCK‐rOCT2‐rMATE1 (MDCK cells stably expressing rOCT2 and rMATE1) cells was significantly higher than the uptake into MDCK cells. Meanwhile, berberine transcellular transport was considerably higher in double‐transfected MDCK‐rOCT2‐rMATE1 cells than in MDCK and MDCK‐rOCT2 cells. Corticosterone for MDCK‐rMATE1 and MDCK‐MDR1 and pyrimethamine for MDCK‐rMATE1 at high concentrations could inhibit the efflux of berberine. In animal experiments, compared with the berberine alone group, the cumulative urinary excretion of berberine significantly decreased in the corticosterone or pyrimethamine pretreatment groups. In the rat kidney, pyrimethamine increased, and a low dose of corticosterone (5 mg/kg) decreased, the berberine concentration. However, there was no apparent change in the renal concentration of berberine in rats pretreated with corticosterone (10 or 20 mg/kg). Thus, berberine is not only a substrate of OCT2 and P‐glycoprotein, but is also a substrate of MATE1. Both OCT2 and MATE1 mediate the renal vectorial transport of berberine.