广州市2019年H3N2流感病毒分子流行特征分析

目的 对广州市2019年不同来源的H3N2流感病毒进行基因测序,分析H3N2流感病毒的进化变异特点。方法 对广州市2019年门诊监测、暴发疫情、住院重症病例等不同标本来源的H3N2流感病毒进行分离并对其血凝素（HA）和神经氨酸酶（NA）基因进行测序,运用DNA Star 7.1、Mega 6.0软件分析病毒的变异和进化特点。结果 2019年广州市H3N2流感表现为流行期Ⅰ（2019年1-8月）和流行期Ⅱ（2019年11-12月）2个流行高峰。男性和女性的H3N2流感病毒阳性率分别为13.46%（703/5 221）和11.50%（510/4 435）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=8.43,P=0.00）。10~20岁年龄组H3N2流感病毒阳性率最高（25.18%,665/2 641）,各年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义。测序发现,不同标本来源的毒株高度同源,亲缘关系相近,属于3C.2a.1分支。根据流行时间和进化特点,进一步划分为Group 1~3共3个小进化分支,Group 1分支流行于流行期Ⅰ、Group 3分支流行于流行期Ⅱ,Group 2分支为2个流行期过度的进化分支,流行期Ⅱ的病毒由流行期Ⅰ的病毒进化而来,且不同分支存在基因重组的现象。在疫苗选择压力下,Group 1~3分支逐渐出现HA抗原位点突变,导致新的抗原漂移。HA抗原位点变异主要发生A和B区,Group 1分支和Group 3分支受体结合位点变异发生在前壁和后壁,Group 2~3分支在HA抗原位点A区缺失2个糖基化位点。结论 2019年广州市H3N2流感病毒的遗传变异包括位点突变和基因重组。在疫苗免疫压力下H3N2流感病毒发生快速的进化变异,抗原位点变异逐渐累积,进而出现新的抗原漂移。应对H3N2流感病毒分子流行特点进行持续监测。     

深圳市不同生源构成学校小学生患龋比较研究

目的探索不同生源构成学校小学生患龋情况,为提出针对性的龋齿预防健康教育措施和干预提供依据。方法通过分层随机整群抽样的方法获取样本,采用口腔健康检查的方法收集研究数据,利用描述性统计学方法进行比较分析。结果深圳市农民工子女就读学校小学生乳牙和恒牙患龋率分别为39.6%和16.4%,而其他学校的学生乳牙和恒牙患龋率仅分别为30.5%和15.9%;农民工子女就读学校小学生龋齿充填率分别为乳牙7.6%、恒牙8.0%,其他学校小学生龋齿充填率分别为乳牙25.6%、恒牙20.7%。结论农民工子女就读学校小学生患龋率高于其他学校学生,充填率低于其他学校学生。     

Comparative analysis of transient receptor potential channel 5 opposite strand-induced gene expression patterns and protein-protein interactions in triple-negative breast cancer

In patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), high tumour mutation burden and aberrant oncogene expression profiles are some of the causes of poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify aberrantly expressed oncogenes, since they have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets. Transient receptor potential channel 5 opposite strand (TRPC5OS) has been previously shown to function as a novel tumour inducer. However, the underlying mechanism of TRPC5OS function in TNBC remain to be elucidated. Therefore, in the present study TRPC5OS expression was first measured in tissue samples of patients with TNBC and a panel of breast cancer cell lines (ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-453, SK-BR-3, JIMT-1, BT474 and HCC1937) by using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Subsequently, the possible effects of TRPC5OS on MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assays after Lentiviral transfection of MDA-MB-231. In addition, potential interaction partners of TRPC5OS were explored using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. Gene expression patterns following TRPC5OS overexpression were also detected in MDA-MB-231 cells by using High-throughput sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were then used to systematically verify the potential interactions among the TRPC5OS-regulated genes. The potential relationship between TRPC5OS-interacting proteins and gene expression patterns were studied using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) analysis. TRPC5OS expression was found to be significantly higher in TNBC tumour tissues and breast cancer cell lines compared with luminal tumour tissues and ZR-75-1. In addition, the overexpression of TRPC5OS significantly increased cell proliferation. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that 5,256 genes exhibited differential expression following TRPC5OS overexpression, including 3,269 upregulated genes and 1,987 downregulated genes. GO analysis results indicated that the functions of these differentially expressed genes were enriched in the categories of ‘cell division’ and ‘cell proliferation’ regulation. KEGG analysis showed that the TRPC5OS-regulated genes were associated with processes of ‘homologous recombination’ and ‘TNF signalling pathways’. Subsequently, 17 TRPC5OS-interacting proteins were found using LC-MS/MS and STRING analysis. The most important protein among interacting proteins was ENO1 which was associated with glycolysis and regulated proliferation of cancer. In summary, data from the present study suggest that TRPC5OS overexpression can increase TNBC cell proliferation and ENO1 may be a potential target protein mediated by TRPC5OS. Therefore, TRPC5OS may serve as a novel therapeutic target for TNBC.     

银杏达莫合热淋清治疗慢性肾功能不全临床观察

目的:探讨联合运用银杏达莫注射液合热淋清颗粒治疗慢性肾功能不全(CRF)的临床疗效.方法:36例慢性肾功能不全患者随机分成治疗组20例,对照组16例.治疗组采用银杏达莫注射液合热淋清颗粒共同治疗;对照组予复方丹参注射液治疗.检测用药前后尿素氮、血肌酐、肌酐清除率、胆固醇及甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、全血粘度、血纤维蛋白原等项目.结果:银杏达莫注射液合热淋清颗粒在治疗慢性肾功能不全过程中,对降低血压,升高高密度脂蛋白,改善血液流变学指标,降低BUN和Scr均有明显疗效.结论:银杏达莫注射液合热淋清颗粒在治疗慢性肾功能不全有很好的疗效,值得推广.     

高压液相色谱分析法在β-地中海贫血筛查中的应用

目的研究高压液相色谱分析法（HPLc）在β-地中海贫血筛查中的应用价值。方法对350例婚检、产检人员的血样分别运用HPLC、琼脂糖凝胶电泳及碱变性方法测定HbA2、HbF。结果HPLC与Hb电泳测定HbA2,两者相关回归分析的结果,y=0．362＋0．861x,相关系数为0．89,t检验：P〉0．05;HPLC与抗碱实验测定HbF,两者相关回归分析的结果显示,y=0．138＋0．951x,相关系数为0．98,t检验：P〉0．05。结论高压液相色谱分析法（HPLC）可以替代血红蛋白电泳及抗碱方法应用于筛查β-地中海贫血。     

小型滑石粉厂粉尘危害现状

滑石粉厂由于其行业的特点，职业危害严重，污染较难治理。特别是一些小型滑石粉厂，受经济条件制约，存在厂房与工序布局不合理，职业卫生管理组织、制度不健全，不愿或难以在职业卫生方面投入足够的资金进行改造和治理等问题。为切实保护广大劳动者的健康权益，预防和减少职业病的发生，探索行之有效的解决方法，我们对莒南县48家小型滑石粉厂进行了调查与分析。     

我国发展区域医疗联合体的SWOT分析

医改下一步重点建立医疗联合体,解决日益突出看病难的问题。建立医疗联合体,对提升基层医疗机构能力,提升群众对基层医疗机构的信任度,有效缓解"看病难、看病贵"有着重要意义。同时也存在许多问题。笔者运用SWOT分析法,分析了发展区域医联体的优势、劣势、机遇、挑战,并提出对策建议。     

河北省三市健康人群流脑抗体水平监测分析

目的:了解河北省健康人群流脑抗体水平,预测流脑的发病趋势,为流脑防控提供依据。方法:按照《全国流行性脑脊髓膜炎防控工作方案》要求并结合河北省实际情况开展监测工作,统一采用ELISA方法测定健康人群血清中A群、C群流脑IgG抗体含量。结果:全省2006年-2008年8个年龄组共检测1934人,流脑A群IgG抗体阳性率为83.87%(1622/1934),阳性抗体含量中位数为10.76μg/ml;各年龄组之间抗体阳性率差别有统计学意义(χ2=50.87,P<0.05);流脑C群IgG抗体阳性率72.96%(1411/1934),阳性抗体含量中位数为4.85μg/ml,各年龄组之间抗体阳性率差别有统计学意义(χ2=43.16,P<0.05)。男女之间A、C群IgG抗体阳性率差别无统计学意义。结论:河北省健康人群A群流脑抗体阳性率维持在较高水平,C群流脑抗体阳性率相对较低,出现A群或C群流脑暴发流行的可能性不大。及时接种A+C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗对预防控制流脑有重要意义。