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101.
Five factors have been shown to influence the 20-fold variation of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) levels in sickle cell anemia (SS): age, sex, the alpha-globin gene number, beta-globin haplotypes, and an X-linked locus that regulates the production of Hb F-containing erythrocytes (F cells), ie, the F-cell production (FCP) locus. To determine the relative importance of these factors, we studied 257 Jamaican SS subjects from a Cohort group identified by newborn screening and from a Sib Pair study. Linear regression analyses showed that each variable, when analyzed alone, had a significant association with Hb F levels (P < .05). Multiple regression analysis, including all variables, showed that the FCP locus is the strongest predictor, accounting for 40% of Hb F variation. beta-Globin haplotypes, alpha-globin genes, and age accounted for less than 10% of the variation. The association between the beta-globin haplotypes and Hb F levels becomes apparent if the influence of the FCP locus is removed by analyzing only individuals with the same FCP phenotype. Thus, the FCP locus is the most important factor identified to date in determining Hb F levels. The variation within each FCP phenotype is modulated by factors associated with the three common beta-globin haplotypes and other as yet unidentified factor(s). 相似文献
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103.
RD Maw † GR Kinghorn ‡ CA Bowman § BT Goh ¶ AT Nayagam M Nathan†† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2002,16(1):58-62
OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety and efficacy of imiquimod (Aldara) 5% cream in the treatment of prepuce-associated warts in uncircumcised males. METHODS: An open-label study in six UK medical centres with 35 uncircumcised males with prepuce-associated warts treated with imiquimod 5% cream three times per week for up to 16 weeks. Other anogenital warts were also treated. RESULTS: Three times weekly application of imiquimod was found to be safe, with erythema as the most commonly reported local skin reaction. Forty per cent of patients had complete clearance of anogenital warts within 16 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Imiquimod cream at a dosing regimen of three times per week, is effective and has an acceptable safety profile in the treatment of prepuce associated warts and other external anogenital warts in uncircumcised males. 相似文献
104.
A subset of H2M3wt-restricted, Listeria monocytogenes (LM)-immune CD8
effectors recognize antigen-presenting cells (APC) preincubated with
heat-killed LM. The responsible product, which we have previously
designated heat-killed Listeria-associated antigen (HAA), is extremely
hydrophobic and resistant to proteolytic degradation. Despite the protease
resistance of HAA, we now report that HAA-immune clones are uniformly
responsive to fMIGWII, a formylated oligopeptide derived from the recently
described LM product, lemA. While fMIGWII was by far the most potent
peptide tested, over half our clones also responded to the LM-derived
peptide fMIVII and cross-reactive responses to two other unrelated
formylated peptides at concentrations of <1 microM were frequently
observed. One of these peptides (fBlaZ) did not share any amino acid in
common with fMIGWII except N-formyl methionine at position 1. Unformylated
variants of the same peptides were inactive. HAA-immune CD8 cells also
responded in an H2M3wt-restricted manner to APC pretreated with heat-killed
or live preparations of other gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria
such as Streptococcus pyogenes (SP) and Proteus vulgaris (PV). Unlike
fMIGWII which is water soluble and protease sensitive, the native antigens
extracted from SP and PV, like HAA, were very hydrophobic and proteinase K
resistant, presumably reflecting in each case the association of
cross-reactive polypeptides with bacterial lipid or phospholipid. Thus,
HAA/lemA-immune, H2M3wt- restricted effectors can respond to a variety of
formylated peptides and bacterial antigens in vitro. Similar
cross-reactions in vivo might have physiologically significant
implications.
相似文献
105.
106.
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Oral Diseases (2012) 19 , 1–17 Periodontal disease and diabetes, two diseases that have achieved epidemic status, share a bidirectional relationship driven by micro‐inflammatory processes. The present review frames the current understanding of the pathological processes that appear to link these diseases and advances the hypothesis that reversal of the epidemic is possible through application of interdisciplinary intervention and advancement of oral‐systemic personalized medicine. An overview of how Marshfield Clinic’s unique clinical, informatics and bio‐repository resources and infrastructures are being aligned to advance oral‐systemic personalized medicine is presented as an interventional model with the potential to reverse the epidemic trends seen for these two chronic diseases over the past several decades. The overall vision is to engineer a transformational shift in paradigm from ‘personalized medicine’ to ‘personalized health’. 相似文献
108.
109.
A Rosemary Tate Alexander GR Martin Tarita Murray-Thomas Sarah R Anderson Jackie A Cassell 《BMC medical research methodology》2009,9(1):42-9
Background
Studies of cancer incidence and early management will increasingly draw on routine electronic patient records. However, data may be incomplete or inaccurate. We developed a generalisable strategy for investigating presenting symptoms and delays in diagnosis using ovarian cancer as an example. 相似文献110.
Madhav V. Dhodapkar Thomas Kelly Allison Theus Anupama B. Athota Barthel Barlogie & Ralph D Sanderson 《British journal of haematology》1997,99(2):368-371
Sera from 20 myeloma patients and 12 normal controls were analysed for the presence of syndecan-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). The level of syndecan-1 in the serum was elevated in 7/20 (35%) myeloma patients whilst 6/19 patients (31%) had decreased serum MMP-9 activity. The presence of increased syndecan-1 was associated with decreased serum MMP-9. Both elevated syndecan-1 and decreased MMP-9 were associated with higher marrow plasmacytosis, serum beta-2 microglobulin and paraprotein levels. These data provide evidence that the syndecan-1 ectodomain is shed in vivo . Quantitation of serum syndecan-1 may be a useful measure of tumour mass and may have important implications for myeloma biology. 相似文献