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21.
Purpose
To provide normal macular thickness measurements using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SDOCT, Copernicus, Optopol Technologies, Zawierci, Poland).Methods
Fifty-eight eyes of 58 healthy subjects were included in this prospective study. All subjects had comprehensive ophthalmic examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All the subjects underwent Copernicus SDOCT. Central foveal thickness (CFT) and photoreceptor layer (PRL) thickness were measured and expressed as mean and standard deviation. Mean retinal thickness for each of the 9 regions defined in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study was reported. The data were compared with published literature in Indians using Stratus and Spectralis OCTs to assess variation in instrument measurements.Results
The mean CFT in the study sample was 173.8 ± 18.16 microns (131–215 microns) and the mean PRL thickness was 65.48 ± 4.23 microns (56–74 microns). No significant difference (p = 0.148) was found between CFT measured automated (179.28 ± 22 microns) and manually (173.83 ± 18.1 microns). CFT was significantly lower in women (167.62 ± 16.36 microns) compared to men (180.03 ± 18 microns) (p = 0.008). Mean retinal thickness reported in this study was significantly different from published literature using Stratus OCT and Spectralis OCT.Conclusion
We report the normal mean retinal thickness in central 1 mm area to be between 138 and 242 microns in Indian population using Copernicus SDOCT. We suggest that different OCT instruments cannot be used interchangeably for the measurement of macular thickness as they vary in segmentation algorithms. 相似文献22.
Bortezomib down-regulates the cell-surface expression of HLA class I and enhances natural killer cell-mediated lysis of myeloma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shi J Tricot GJ Garg TK Malaviarachchi PA Szmania SM Kellum RE Storrie B Mulder A Shaughnessy JD Barlogie B van Rhee F 《Blood》2008,111(3):1309-1317
Human leukocyte antigen class I molecules expressed by tumor cells play a central role in the regulation of natural killer (NK) cell-mediated immune responses. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has demonstrated significant activity in multiple myeloma (MM). We hypothesized that treatment of MM with bortezomib results in the reduction of cell-surface expression of class I and thereby sensitizes MM to NK cell-mediated lysis. Here we report that bortezomib down-regulates class I in a time- and dose-dependent fashion on all MM cell lines and patient MM cells tested. Downregulation of class I can also be induced in vivo after a single dose of 1.0 mg/m(2) bortezomib. Bortezomib significantly enhances the sensitivity of patient myeloma to allogeneic and autologous NK cell-mediated lysis. Further, the level of decrease in class I expression correlates with increased susceptibility to lysis by NK cells. Clinically relevant bortezomib concentrations do not affect NK-cell function. Our findings have clear therapeutic implications for MM and other NK cell-sensitive malignancies in the context of both allogeneic and autologous adoptively transferred NK cells. 相似文献
23.
24.
Tarun Bali Raghu Nagraj Malhar N Kumar Thomas Chandy 《Indian Journal of Orthopaedics》2015,49(6):615-619
Background:
The treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury consists of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with patellar tendon or hamstring graft. Satisfactory results have been reported so far in the younger age group. Dilemma arises regarding the suitability of ACL reconstruction in patients aged 50 years and above. This retrospective analyses the outcome of ACL reconstruction in patients aged 50 years and above.Materials and Methods:
55 patients aged 50 years and above presented to our institution with symptomatic ACL tear and were managed with arthroscopic reconstruction with patellar tendon/hamstring graft. 22 patients underwent ACL reconstruction with bone- patellar tendon-bone graft and the remaining 33 with a hamstring graft. Evaluation of functional outcome was performed using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scoring in the preoperative period, at the end of 1 year and at the final followup. Radiographic evaluation was performed using the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system.Results:
The mean preoperative IKDC score was 39.7 ± 3.3. At the end of 1-year following the operation, the mean IKDC score was 73.6 ± 4.9 and at the final followup was 67.8 ± 7.7. The mean preoperative Lysholm score was 40.4 ± 10.3. At the end of 1-year following the intervention, the mean Lysholm score was 89.7 ± 2.1 and at final followup was 85.3 ± 2.5. Overall, 14 out of 42 patients who underwent radiographic assessment showed progression of osteoarthritis changes at the final followup after the intervention.Conclusion:
In our study, there was a statistically significant improvement in the IKDC and Lysholm scores following the intervention. There was a slight deterioration in the scores at the final followup but the overall rate of satisfaction was still high and most of the patients were able to do their routine chores and light exercises suitable for their age group. Around one-third of patients show progression of radiographic changes in the postoperative period and this requires long term evaluation. 相似文献25.
26.
Amit Kumar Sharma Neeraj Gupta Dilip Kumar Kala Tarun Patni Ramakant Dixit Satyadeep Verma Arjun Chandran 《The Indian journal of tuberculosis》2018,65(3):233-236
Aims and objectives
To determine the prevalence and pattern of resistance to second line drugs among multi drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis patients being treated on category IV regimen.Methodology
This study was conducted at Department of Respiratory Medicine, J.L.N. Medical College, Ajmer in collaboration with IRL, STDC, Ajmer. Second line anti tubercular drug sensitivity for 398 multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients (between June-2015 and June-2016) was done to find out prevalence and pattern of resistance to second line drugs. Second line drug sensitivity was performed at accredited laboratory, Microbiology department, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur.Results
Among these 398 patients, 136 (34.17%) were resistant to fluoroquinolones (Ofloxacin) (Pre XDR); 18 (4.52%) were resistant to one of the aminoglycosides (Inj. Kanamycin, Capreomycin, Amikacin) (Pre XDR); while 22 (5.53%) patients were resistant to fluoroquinolones as well as aminoglycosides (XDR). 148 (37.18%) patients were found sensitive to both the drugs. Samples of 41 (10.3%) patients were contaminated and no growth was seen in 33 (8.29%) patients.Conclusion
Nearly half of the multi drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis patients (44.22%) being treated on category IV regimen also have resistance to either fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides or both i.e. Pre XDR or XDR. This may result in poor outcome of category IV regimen under RNTCP. There is a strong need for provision of culture sensitivity for all first line drugs and at least two second line drugs viz. Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides for all the patients registered as smear positive under RNTCP. There is also a need for development of rapid culture technique for sensitivity to second line drugs. 相似文献27.
Venkata?Anudeep Kolar?Vishwanath?VinodEmail author Nandini?Pandit Vivek?Kumar?Sharma Halanaik?Dhanapathi Tarun?Kumar?Dutta Akkilagunta?Sujiv 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2016,35(5):385-392
Background and Aims
Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are more prevalent among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The prevalence of delayed gastric emptying (GE) and factors predictive of it have not been studied in Indian T2DM patients and the present study aimed to study the same.Methods
This hospital-based cross-sectional study involved adult (age between 18 and 65 years) outpatients with T2DM of ≥5-year duration. Measurements of GE of a labelled standardized solid rice idli meal by gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES), symptoms of delayed GE (by standardized questionnaire) and autonomic function by cardiovascular autonomic function tests (AFTs) were carried out. Thirty healthy subjects served as controls for GES and AFTs.Results
One hundred and forty T2DM patients (age range: 32–65 years) were studied. Delayed GE was documented in ≈29 % (40/140) and rapid GE in 2 % (3/140) of T2DM patients. Univariate analysis showed significant positive association between delayed GE and duration of DM, body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction and coronary artery disease (p < 0.05 for all). However, there was no significant correlation of age, sex, symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis and nephropathy with delayed GE. Hypoglycemic episodes were significantly more frequent in those with delayed GE (p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed only BMI and HbA1c to be significant independent predictors of delayed GE.Conclusion
Presence and severity of symptoms of gastroparesis did not predict delayed GE. Delayed GE, irrespective of symptoms, was associated with microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications and increased risk of hypoglycemic episodes. HbA1c and BMI were independent predictors of delayed GE.28.
29.
Rucha Shah Triveni Mavinakote Gowda Raison Thomas Tarun Kumar Dhoom Singh Mehta 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2019,121(3):391-393
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is gaining acceptance as a bioactive surgical additive in regenerative dentistry. However, PRF has only been available in gel or membrane form and is not suitable for injection. Recently, however, a liquid, injectable PRF has been introduced. This paper introduces the concept of injectable PRF and discusses its applications for biologic activation of bone grafts. 相似文献