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101.
The use of EMLA cream to decrease venipuncture pain in children 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Venipuncture is one of the most painful medical procedures for a child, and it is one of the most frequently performed. This literature synthesis reviews evidence for the use of eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream to reduce the pain children experience during venipuncture. EMLA cream was compared with placebo, iontophoresis, and amethocaine cream and was found to be an effective local anesthetic for pediatric venipuncture pain during both intravenous cannulation and phlebotomy. 相似文献
102.
Stafford Arielle P. Hoskin Tanya L. Day Courtney N. Sanders Stacy B. Boughey Judy C. 《Annals of surgical oncology》2022,29(8):4750-4751
Annals of Surgical Oncology - 相似文献
103.
Tanya Mokhateb-Rafii Martin Bialer Shaun Rodgers Christine Moore Todd Sweberg 《The Journal of emergency medicine》2019,56(1):e1-e4
Background
RIPPLY2-associated spondylocostal dysostosis is a rare disorder that leads to segmentation defects of the vertebrae. These vertebral defects can result in severe instability of the cervical spine, leading to cardiac arrest after only minor whiplash injury.Case Report
We present the case of a healthy 7-year-old child who experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. He was reported to have profound respiratory distress and collapsed after going down a slide, without trauma. He was resuscitated in the field, and presented to the emergency department, where return of spontaneous circulation was achieved. Imaging of his cervical spine revealed multiple abnormalities. It was determined that a whiplash injury led to hypoxia and bradycardia due to the anatomic abnormalities of his cervical spine, resulting in cardiovascular collapse. He recovered fully and was later diagnosed with SCDO6, an autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the RIPPLY2 gene.Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This?
Unfamiliarity of providers with this mechanism of cardiac arrest, and the rarity of the syndrome itself, make early recognition very difficult. Late diagnosis and lack of preventative measures, including immediate cervical spine stabilization, can lead to catastrophic outcomes. In patients with cardiac arrest of unclear etiology, early consideration of cervical spine immobilization and evaluation can be lifesaving. 相似文献104.
105.
Tanya Gurevich Yacov Balash Doron Merims Chava Peretz Talia Herman Jeffrey M. Hausdorff Nir Giladi 《Drugs in R&D》2014,14(2):57-62
Background
Higher-level gait disorder (HLGD) in older adults is characterized by postural instability, stepping dysrhythmicity, recurrent falls and progressive immobility. Cognitive impairments are frequently associated with HLGD.Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare gait and cognitive performance before and after the use of rivastigmine in patients with HLGD, free from cognitive impairment or Parkinsonism.Methods
Fifteen non-demented patients with HLGD (age 79.2 ± 5.9 years; 11 women; Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] 28.3 ± 1.4) received escalating doses of rivastigmine for 12 weeks in an open-label, pilot study. They were assessed before and after treatment (week 0 and week 12), and after a 4-week washout period (week 16). Assessments included the Mindstreams computerized neuropsychological battery, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, gait speed and stride time variability. One-way multiple analysis of variance tests for repeated measures were used, and Pillai’s trace test was considered as robust to investigate significant differences.Results
The mean dose of rivastigmine during the 8–12 week period was 5.1 ± 2.3 mg/day. A positive effect was observed on the Mindstreams memory subscale and anxiety scores [Pillai’s trace: F(6,724) = 0.508, p = 0.010; and F(7,792) = 0.545, p = 0.006, respectively, over the course of the study] as well as on mobility (TUG test) [Pillai’s trace: F(4,863) = 0.448; p = 0.028], whereas gait speed and stride time variability did not change.Conclusions
The use of relatively low-dose rivastigmine did not affect gait speed and stride time variability; however, the general mobility and anxiety were improved. These preliminary results warrant a larger, randomized, placebo-controlled study. 相似文献106.
107.
Mei Huang Anna R Felix Sunoh Kwon David Lowe Tanya Wallace Luca Santarelli Herbert Y Meltzer 《Psychopharmacology》2014,231(10):2199-2210
Rationale
Alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists may ameliorate cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, in part, because of their ability to enhance dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission.Objectives
In the current study, the effects of partial nAChR agonist and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist RG3487 (previously R3487/MEM3454) on dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh) effluxes in rat prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HIP) were investigated in awake, freely moving rats.Results
R3487/MEM3454, at doses of 0.1–10 mg/kg, s.c., enhanced DA and ACh effluxes in rat mPFC and (HIP), with a peak effect at 0.3- to 0.6-mg/kg doses, producing a bell-shaped dose–response curve. Pretreatment with the selective nAChR antagonist, methyllycaconitine (1.0 mg/kg), completely blocked RG3487-induced (0.45 mg/kg) DA but not ACh efflux, while the selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide (1.0 mg/kg) partially inhibited cortical ACh but not DA efflux. RG3487 (0.45 mg/kg) combined with atypical antipsychotic drug (APD) risperidone (0.1 mg/kg), but not typical APD haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg), induced a significantly greater increase in HIP ACh efflux. Their combined effect on DA efflux was additive. RG3487, combined with other atypical APDs, namely aripiprazole (0.3 mg/kg), olanzapine (1.0 mg/kg), and quetiapine (30 mg/kg), also produced additive effects on DA efflux.Conclusions
These results suggest that RG3487 enhances DA efflux by nAChR stimulation, whereas ACh efflux is primarily mediated via 5-HT3 receptor antagonism, and that RG3487 alone or as augmentation may improve cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. 相似文献108.
Chudi O. Ndubaku TerryD. Crawford Huifen Chen JasonW. Boggs Joy Drobnick Seth F. Harris Rajiv Jesudason Erin McNamara Jim Nonomiya Amy Sambrone Stephen Schmidt Tanya Smyczek Philip Vitorino Lan Wang Ping Wu Stacey Yeung Jinhua Chen Kevin Chen CharlesZ. Ding Tao Wang Zijin Xu Stephen E. Gould Lesley J. Murray Weilan Ye 《ACS medicinal chemistry letters》2015,6(8):913-918
109.
Hooker Jonathan C. Hamilton Gavin Park Charlie C. Liao Steven Wolfson Tanya Dehkordy Soudabeh Fazeli Hong Cheng William Mamidipalli Adrija Gamst Anthony Loomba Rohit Sirlin Claude B. 《Abdominal imaging》2019,44(2):482-492
Abdominal Radiology - To determine the inter-reader agreement of magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and its longitudinal change in a clinical trial of adults with... 相似文献
110.