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81.
Min Zhang Wen-Bin Li Jin-Xia Geng Qing-Jun Li Xiao-Cai Sun Xiao-Hui Xian Jie Qi Shu-Qin Li 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2007,27(7):1352-1368
Glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) plays an essential role in removing glutamate from the extracellular space and maintaining the glutamate below neurotoxic level in the brain. To explore whether GLT-1 plays a role in the acquisition of brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP), the present study was undertaken to observe in vivo changes in the expression of GLT-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the CA1 hippocampus during the induction of BIT, and the effect of dihydrokainate (DHK), an inhibitor of GLT-1, on the acquisition of BIT in rats. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP showed that the processes of astrocytes were prolonged after a CIP 2 days before the lethal ischemic insult, which could protect pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal ischemic insult. The prolonged processes extended into the area between the pyramidal neurons and tightly surrounded them. These changes made the pyramidal layer look like a 'shape grid'. Simultaneously, the prolonged and extended processes showed a great deal of GLT-1. Western blotting analysis showed significant upregulation of GLT-1 expression after the CIP, especially when it was administered 2 days before the subsequent lethal ischemic insult. Neuropathological evaluation by thionin staining showed that DHK dose-dependently blocked the protective role of CIP against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal brain ischemia. It might be concluded that the surrounding of pyramidal neurons by astrocytes and upregulation of GLT-1 induced by CIP played an important role in the acquisition of the BIT induced by CIP. 相似文献
82.
83.
影响肝外伤手术死亡的危险因素分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
目的分析影响肝外伤手术死亡的危险因素,探讨其临床意义。方法根据AAST和ISS标准,回顾性分析90例肝外伤手术病例,对影响手术死亡的危险因素进行单因素比较和Logistic回归分析。结果死亡15例,其中Ⅲ级2例、Ⅳ级4例、Ⅴ级9例,总体手术死亡率17%。Ⅳ~Ⅴ级肝外伤手术方式的单因素比较提示:清创性肝切除术的相对危险度是0.73;而规则性肝切除术、肝静脉或肝后下腔静脉修补术相对危险度分别是1.32、1.52。Logistic回归分析提示:ISS分会和术中失血量是影响手术死亡率的2个独立因素。结论ISS分值、术中失出血量和手术方式是影响肝外伤手术死亡的3个重要因素,娴熟的手术技能和合理的手术方式可以减少术中出血量和降低手术死亡率。 相似文献
84.
Gilbert H. L. Tang Paul W. M. Fedak Terrence M. Yau Richard D. Weisel Alex Kulik Donald A. G. Mickle Ren-Ke Li 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2003,23(6):907-916
Current therapies for congestive heart failure are limited in efficacy or in applicability. Cardiac cell transplantation offers a novel therapeutic approach to improve heart function. Although significant progress has been made over the past decade in the development of cell transplantation, only recently have investigators studied the changes in ventricular function following cell transplantation. This review article describes the latest research developments, evaluates recent studies of ventricular function after cell transplantation, and discusses the future directions of cell transplantation as a new therapy to ‘repair broken hearts’. 相似文献
85.
目的探讨外周高渗刺激激活下丘脑室旁核(PVN)神经元的细胞类别。方法以腹腔注射高渗盐水作为外周高渗刺激。细胞外记录PVN神经元单位放电的变化,并用免疫细胞化学方法观察PVN中los的表达及los表达阳性神经元的性质。结果腹腔注射高渗盐水使PVN的位相型放电神经元兴奋,PVN内los表达明显增加,特别是PVN大细胞中大量的los阳性神经元同时表达精氨酸加压索(AVP)。结论外周高渗刺激能够激活PVN内的加压索(VP)能神经元。 相似文献
86.
诱导型一氧化氮合酶在前列腺增生组织中表达的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)与前列腺增生(BPH)病理生理变化的关系。方法:用免疫组化法检测10例正常和30例有膀胱出口梗阻的BPH患者膀胱和前列腺组织中iNOS的表达。结果:BPH组前列腺组织中iNOS呈阳性染色,主要分布于前列腺的上皮细胞及上皮下组织中,间质平滑肌组织中均为阴性;对照组的膀胱壁、膀胱颈部和前列腺组织中均无iNOS阳性染色。结论:iNOS仅在BPH患者前列腺组织中有特异性表达,提示它参与了前列腺增生的病理生理过程。 相似文献
87.
Yukihisa Fukuda Savio L-Y Woo John C Loh Eiichi Tsuda Peter Tang Patrick J McMahon Richard E Debski 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2003,21(6):1107-1112
The loads needed to elicit a positive pivot shift test in a knee with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture have not been quantified. The coupled anterior tibial translation (ATT), coupled internal tibial rotation (ITR), and the in situ force in the ACL in response to a valgus torque, an inherent component of the pivot shift test, were measured in 10 human cadaveric knee specimens. Using a robotic/universal force-moment sensor testing system, valgus torques ranging from 0.0 to 10.0 Nm were applied in nine increments on the intact and ACL-deficient knee in flexion ranging from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. At 15 degrees of knee flexion, the coupled ATT and ITR were significantly increased in the ACL-deficient knee when compared to the intact knee. Coupled ATT increased a maximum of 291% (6.7 mm, p<0.05), while coupled ITR increased a maximum of 85% (5.1 degrees, p<0.05). At 30 degrees, the increases in coupled ATT and ITR were significant at valgus loads of 3.3 Nm and greater with a maximum increase in coupled ATT of 137% (6.3 mm, p<0.05) and a maximum increase in coupled ITR of 38% (3.6 degrees, p<0.05). At 45 degrees, coupled ATT increased significantly (maximum of 69%, 4.4 mm, p<0.05), but only at torques > or =6.7 Nm. The in situ force in the ACL was less than 20 N for all flexion angles when a torque between 3.3 and 5.0 Nm was applied. Low valgus torque elicited tibial subluxation in the ACL-deficient knee with low in situ ACL forces, similar to a positive pivot shift test. Thus, application of a valgus torque may be suitable to evaluate ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed knees, since subluxation can be achieved with minimal harm to the ACL graft. This work is important in understanding one load component needed for the pivot shift examination; further studies quantifying other load components are essential for better comprehension of the in vivo pivot shift examination. 相似文献
88.
Objective: To summarize the clinical outcomes of 117 human vitrified blastocyst transfer cycles and to determine the impact factors.Methods: In IVF-ET cycles, supernumerary embryos were cultured to 5-Day(D5) or 6-Day(D6), blastocysts of various stages were cryopreserved by vitrification using cryoloops. Survival rate and clinical pregnancy rate were observed.Results: A total of 312 blastocysts were thawed in 117 frozen embryo transfer cycles, the survival rate was 90.7% (283/312) after thawing. After the transfer of 230 blastocysts in 115 cycles, 69.6% (80/115) of the women got clinically pregnant, and 17.5% (14/80) of them suffered from miscarriage, 39 healthy babies were born in 28 deliveries, and the other 38 pregnancies are ongoing. The implantation rate was 47.4% (109/230). In 107 transfer cycles with 2 hatched blastocysts transferred in each cycle, 72.9% (78/107) got clinically pregnant, while in 8 cycles with 1 or no hatched blastocysts in the two transferred blastocysts, the clinical pregnancy rate is 25%(2/8). The clinical pregnancy rates were not statistically different between natural (77.4%, 24/31) or artificial endometrium preparation (66.7%, 56/84) cycles. Conclusions: These findings suggest that blastocyst vitrification is effective in terms of implantation rate and pregnancy outcome. Transferring of two hatched blastocyst can achieve a higher pregnancy rate. 相似文献
89.
准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视的并发症 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为分析准分子激光角膜切削术(PRK)治疗近视的并发症,对139例(257眼)PRK术后随访半年至一年。结果表明:术后一年,低中度和高度组各有1眼最佳矫正视力丢失二行,分别占2.5%和3.3%;低中度和高度组的角膜上皮下1级混浊分别为10.81%和15.16%,2级混浊分别为2.73%和0%;激素性高眼压,在发生率最高的3个月时,可分别达24.37%和25.32%,但这种反应性的眼压升高只是暂时的,容易控制;过矫和散光增加的发生率均较低,主要与术者的经验有关。随着术者经验的提高、手术设计的完善及术后用药的研究,这些并发症会降到最低水平。PRK是安全、有效的。 相似文献
90.
Lih-Heng Tang Joseph A. Buckwalter Lawrence C. Rosenberg 《Journal of orthopaedic research》1996,14(2):334-339
Previous work has shown that alterations in proteoglycan aggregates are among the first changes detected with aging, disuse, and degeneration of articular cartilage, yet the cause or causes of these alterations remain unknown. To determine if differences in link protein concentration can explain alterations in the assembly, size, and stability of articular cartilage proteoglycan aggregates, we isolated proteoglycan monomer (aggrecan) and link protein from adult bovine articular cartilage and then assembled proteoglycan aggregates from aggrecan and 0.8% hyaluronan relative to aggrecan weight, in the presence of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 20% concentrations of link protein relative to aggrecan weight. We determined the amount, sedimentation coefficient, and stability of the aggregates by analytical ultracentrifugation and measured their dimensions by electron microscopy with use of the monolayer technique. Increased aggregate size, as determined by ultracentrifugation, was directly correlated with an increased number of aggrecans per aggregate and with increased hyaluronan length, as determined by electron microscopy. The concentration of link protein significantly influenced aggregation: concentrations of 6–8% produced maximum aggregation, aggregate stability, and uniformity of aggrecan spacing; concentrations greater than 10% led to the formation of superaggregates (aggregates with sedimentation velocities greater than 100 S that may result from linking two or more hyaluronan filaments) but decreased aggregate stability; and concentrations of less than 4% link protein significantly decreased aggregation, the size and stability of aggregates, and the regularity of aggrecan spacing. The latter observations suggest that a decline in the concentration of link protein could decrease the organization and stability of the articular cartilage matrix. 相似文献