Pharmacological action of Adenophora polysaccharides

Adenophora polysaccharides (AP), is an active principle extracted from the root of Adenophorae Potaninii Korsh originated in Gansu Province and isolated with boiling water(1). AP is isolated and purified from the crude drug by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200 column, with a white powder and mean molecular weight of 8.3 × 104 , and [α]D20of AP is 68(1). AP is only composed of glucose judging from the analysis of it with patina chromatography (PC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) methods.The methylation analysis showed that AP is composed of (1→6) linked glucose residues. The measure of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) 1H NMR and 14C NMR techniques further proved that AP is α(l→6) linked by Dglucose. The structure of AP is as follows: -[→6]α-D-Glu(1-)n→ (2).     

口腔黏膜下纤维性变S100蛋白表达

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of S100 in oral submucose fibrosis(OSF). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry assay was performed on 10 cases of OSF, 10 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and 8 cases of normal oral epithelium using monoclonal antibody against S100 protein. RESULTS: S100 did not express in the normal oral muscosal epithelium. The S100 positive nuclear staining was found in 50% of the OSF and OED cases, which was significantly higher than that in the normal oral epithelium (P < 0.05). But the positive staining in the OSF and OED cases had no difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: S100 expression is closely related to the development of OSF and OED. The positive staining expression in the OSF and OED cases is the same.     

Effects of amoxapine and imipramine on evoked potentials in the Continuous Performance Test in patients with affective disorder

Twenty patients with major depressive disorder were studied with evoked potential (EP) topographic mapping after receiving placebo, imipramine, or amoxapine for 2 days in a random-assignment, double-blind design. Patients performed the Continuous Performance Test (CPT), a visual vigilance test. The stimuli were the digits 0-9, with 0 a target to be responded to with a button press. EPs were recorded from 32 channels and were averaged separately for detected and undetected targets and for false positives and correctly identified nontargets (no button press). Twenty-one normal controls were also tested. Amoxapine enhanced N120 amplitude in midline parietal and right parietal cortex where selective attention effects have been found to be greatest in studies of normal controls. Both amoxapine and imipramine enhanced differences in P200 between target and nontarget stimuli in comparison to placebo, with amoxapine differences again being greatest over midline parietal locations. CPT performance was significantly better on amoxapine than placebo.     

Investigation of infection with human papillomavirus in areas of high and low incidences of cervical carcinoma in Sichuan Province]

From Jan. to Oct. 1989, we investigated the role of various life style and dietary factors in areas of high and low incidences of cervical carcinoma, as well as infection with types 16 and 33 of human papillomavirus (HPV) in populations. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect the infection with HPV 16/33. The result showed that the infection rate of HPV was about 17.9% (Guangyuan, area of high incidence of cervical cancer), and the infection rate about 3.4% (Mian Zhu, area of low incidence of cervical cancer). It was clear that Guangyuan was 5-fold as the infection rate of HPV 16/33 as Mian Zhu. Strong and statistically significant associations were found to between infection rate of Guangyuan and Mian Zhu (P < 0.001). Other risk factors of cervical carcinoma, such as cigarette smoker, Vegetable intake, genital hygiene, personal hygiene etc, were also discussed and analysed in the article.     

抗凝血酶Ⅲ测定在评价肝脏功能中的应用

测定110例肝病的抗凝血酶Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)活性,62例低于正常(56.4％),均值为60.1±38.2％。50例正常对照为100.0±26.7％。重症肝炎、慢性活动性肝炎及失代偿期肝硬化活性显著下降,均值分别为12.9±13.0％、51.0±34.6％、43.3±29.6％.AT-Ⅲ活性在评价肝脏功能方面较凝血酶原时间敏感,具有一定的实用意义。     

Accuracy of allometrically predicted pharmacokinetic parameters in humans: role of species selection.

A general equation was derived, which directly describes the mathematical relationship between the allometrically predicted pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters in humans and the body weights of animal species (along with their corresponding measured PK parameters). It was shown, with use of the derived equation, that the predicted values in humans, based on combinations of animal species commonly used in allometry, are heavily dependent on certain species, for example, the dog. In contrast, parameter values from the rat made no contribution to the predicted human values, as long as the rat was not the smallest species used. Monte Carlo simulations were further performed to examine the species or weight dependence. The cost-effective combinations of animal species, in terms of number and species type, were theoretically examined through simulations. Finally, literature data demonstrated the species or weight dependence predicted from the equation and as illustrated through the Monte Carlo simulations. Appreciation of this species or weight dependence should guide researchers in selecting animal species and designing optimal experiments in the application of allometric scaling.     

中国心理咨询发展的历史回顾与前景趋势

目的:回顾心理咨询在中国产生、发展的历史和现状,提出存在的问题和不足,展望21世纪心理咨询发展的前景和趋势。资料来源:通过整理专家专题讲座笔记和手工查阅与心理咨询相关的资料熏检索词“心理咨询”熏并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取心理咨询文献开始查找全文。纳入与心理咨询相关的研究。资料提炼:根据国内外关于心理咨询的研究资料和印刷品资源中心理咨询相关资料进行归纳和概括,提取相关资料并进行整合。纳入与国外心理咨询历史发展和生态学有关,与中国心理咨询发展与现状有关的资料。资料综合:心理咨询在发达国家虽然已有近百年的历史,但在中国才刚刚起步阶段,广大心理咨询工作者经过近20多年的不懈地努力,心理咨询理论和方法虽然有了雏形,还需要进一步的完善。结论:借鉴国外心理咨询发展的新理论和新方法,是发展中国心理咨询理论与方法的有效途径。可以认为,生态观将成为21世纪心理咨询发展的大趋势之一。